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CN-122007664-A - Laser cutting machine for metal processing

CN122007664ACN 122007664 ACN122007664 ACN 122007664ACN-122007664-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of laser cutting, in particular to a laser cutting machine for metal processing. The automatic cutting device comprises a clamp arranged on a workbench, a laser cutting head driven by a multi-shaft moving mechanism is arranged above the clamp, an inner expanding mechanism is arranged in the middle of the workbench, the inner expanding mechanism comprises two main frames which are adjustably connected with the workbench, the two main frames are connected with an auxiliary frame through a self-locking sliding block, a rotary table is arranged at the lower end of the auxiliary frame, two supporting plates are hinged at the upper end of the auxiliary frame, force is applied to the inner side of an acute angle when the supporting plates are used for cutting, a fixed seat fixedly connected with the workbench is arranged above the main frame, an outer shrinking mechanism is arranged on the fixed seat, the outer shrinking mechanism comprises a deflection frame with the upper end rotatably connected with the fixed seat, the lower end of the deflection frame is elastically connected with a pressing plate, and force is applied to the outer side of an obtuse angle when the pressing plate is used for cutting. When the device operates, the clamp clamps a workpiece, the supporting plate abuts against the inner side of the acute angle, the deflection frame deflects to enable the pressing plate to abut against the outer side of the obtuse angle, the laser cutting head vertically cuts along three sides of the workpiece, the supporting plate and the pressing plate apply abutting force to the workpiece, excessive deformation of the workpiece is prevented, and the device is suitable for cutting thin bending metal plates.

Inventors

  • WANG LINSONG
  • Ding Laide
  • GE WENQUAN

Assignees

  • 青岛华浩智能装备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260402

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A laser cutting machine for metal working, comprising: The fixture (1) is arranged on the workbench, a multi-shaft moving mechanism (30) is arranged above the fixture (1), and the output end of the multi-shaft moving mechanism (30) is fixedly connected with the laser cutting head (2); The middle part of the workbench is provided with an inner expanding mechanism for carrying out inner expanding on the acute angle part of the plate, the inner expanding mechanism comprises two main frames (3) arranged at the upper end of the workbench, one side, away from each main frame (3), of each main frame is connected with an auxiliary frame (5) through a self-locking sliding block (4), the lower end of each auxiliary frame (5) is respectively and rotatably connected with a rotary table (7), the upper end of each auxiliary frame is rotatably connected with two supporting plates (18), one ends, close to each other, of the two supporting plates (18) are hinged coaxially, and the two supporting plates (18) apply acting force on the inner side of the acute angle of a workpiece in the laser cutting process; the upper end of the workbench is provided with a fixed seat (22), the fixed seat (22) is provided with an outward shrinking mechanism for performing outward pressing on the obtuse angle part of the plate, the outward shrinking mechanism comprises a deflection frame (28) with the upper end rotationally connected with the fixed seat (22), the lower end of the deflection frame (28) is elastically connected with a pressing plate (29), and the pressing plate (29) applies acting force to the obtuse outer side of the workpiece in the laser cutting process.
  2. 2. The laser cutting machine for metal working according to claim 1, wherein the multi-axis moving mechanism (30) comprises a three-axis moving mechanism (31) arranged above the workbench, an electrically driven turntable (32) is fixedly connected to the output end of the three-axis moving mechanism (31), and the turntable (32) is fixedly connected to the laser cutting head (2).
  3. 3. A laser cutting machine for metal working according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the sub-frame (5) is fixedly connected with a barrier plate (6) of ceramic material.
  4. 4. The laser cutting machine for metal processing according to claim 1, wherein the inner expanding mechanism further comprises a first gear (8) coaxially and fixedly connected with the turntable (7), the first gear (8) is rotationally connected with the auxiliary frame (5), a second gear (9) rotationally connected with the auxiliary frame (5) is arranged beside the first gear (8), and the second gear (9) is meshed with the first gear (8); a screw rod sliding table (11) is arranged beside the second gear (9), a buckle plate (12) is fixedly connected to the output end of the screw rod sliding table (11), and the second gear (9) is in transmission connection with the input end of the screw rod sliding table (11) through a bevel gear group (10); One side of the screw rod sliding table (11) close to the auxiliary frame (5) is provided with a limiting table (13) fixedly connected with the auxiliary frame (5), the limiting table (13) is elastically connected with a sliding seat (14) through a spring, and one end of the sliding seat (14) close to the supporting plate (18) abuts against the pinch plate (12).
  5. 5. The laser cutting machine for metal processing according to claim 4, wherein one end of the sliding seat (14) far away from the limiting table (13) is fixedly connected with a first rack (15), a third gear (16) rotationally connected with the auxiliary frame (5) is arranged beside the first rack (15), the first rack (15) is meshed with the third gear (16), one side of the auxiliary frame (5) far away from the third gear (16) is rotationally connected with a fourth gear (17), and the fourth gear (17) is fixedly connected with the third gear (16) in a coaxial line; The two supporting plates (18) are respectively fixedly connected with arc racks (19), the shapes of the two arc racks (19) are different, one arc rack (19) is externally meshed with the fourth gear (17), the other arc rack (19) is internally meshed with the fourth gear (17), and the fourth gear (17) drives the two arc racks (19) to move in opposite directions when rotating.
  6. 6. The laser cutting machine for metal working according to claim 5, wherein each arc-shaped rack (19) is formed with an arc-shaped groove (20), and a pin which is in sliding connection with the arc-shaped groove (20) is fixedly connected to one side of the sub-frame (5) close to the arc-shaped rack (19).
  7. 7. The laser cutting machine for metal working according to claim 5, wherein tooth grooves (21) are formed in an array at equal intervals on the surface of the two stay plates (18) which are spaced apart from each other.
  8. 8. The laser cutting machine for metal working according to claim 4, wherein the outward shrinking mechanism further comprises a second rack (23) which is slidably connected with the auxiliary frame (5), the second rack (23) is meshed with the first gear (8), a pinion (24) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the fixed seat (22), and when the sliding block (4) drives the auxiliary frame (5) to move upwards to the limit position, the pinion (24) is meshed with the second rack (23); The pinion (24) is fixedly connected with a first belt wheel (25) coaxially, a second belt wheel (26) which is rotationally connected with the fixed seat (22) is arranged above the first belt wheel (25), the second belt wheel (26) is connected with the first belt wheel (25) through steel belt transmission, a third belt wheel (27) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the deflection frame (28), and the third belt wheel (27) is connected with the second belt wheel (26) through steel belt transmission.
  9. 9. A laser cutting machine for metal working according to claim 8, wherein the pinion (24) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the stator (22) by a torsion spring.
  10. 10. A laser cutting machine for metal working according to claim 8, wherein the diameter of the first pulley (25) is larger than the diameter of the second pulley (26), the diameter of the second pulley (26) being the same as the diameter of the third pulley (27).

Description

Laser cutting machine for metal processing Technical Field The invention relates to the field of laser cutting, in particular to a laser cutting machine for metal processing. Background In the fields of automobile parts, consumer electronics equipment, precision instrument shells and the like, a thin metal plate formed by continuous twice bending widely exists. The metal plate is made of metal materials with good ductility, such as low carbon steel, and the thickness is usually between 0.5 mm and 2mm, and three mutually connected planes (defined as an A plane, a B plane and a C plane) are formed after bending, wherein the A plane and the C plane are kept parallel, the inner side of the A plane and the inner side of the B plane form an acute angle, and the inner side of the B plane and the inner side of the C plane form an obtuse angle. The workpiece is required to meet the complex assembly requirement, the requirements on edge accuracy and contour flatness are extremely high, the traditional stamping process is difficult to adapt to customized production, burrs are easy to generate at bending positions, and the structural stability of the thin plate is damaged due to the action of mechanical force in the modes of grinding wheel cutting and the like, so that bending angles are deviated. Therefore, laser cutting is a preferred process for processing such thin bent plates by virtue of its advantages of non-contact processing, high profile accuracy, and flexible adaptation to complex cutting paths. However, when the laser cutting process is adopted, the thin plate with the specific bending structure is influenced by the structural characteristics and the material properties of the thin plate, and various limitations still exist. Firstly, the thick bending-free workpiece has high structural rigidity due to large thickness, and is not easy to generate obvious deformation even under the action of high-temperature energy in the laser cutting process, while the thin bending plate is in a temporary balance state in the static state due to dislocation of metal internal grains caused by plastic deformation in the bending processing stage. When the laser cutting operation is started, local high temperature generated by the laser beam can quickly break stress balance, so that a stress concentration area deforms, namely, the area is contracted inwards due to higher material compression degree when the area is bent at an acute angle bending position of the surface A and the surface B, the acute angle is further reduced due to stress release after cutting, plate folds or micro cracks can be possibly caused when the area is severe, and the area is outwards expanded due to stress release after cutting although stress distribution is relatively dispersed at an obtuse angle bending position of the surface B and the surface C, so that the obtuse angle is increased, and the dimensional accuracy and the subsequent assembly suitability of a workpiece are directly influenced. Secondly, in the processing batch arrangement, the acute angle bending structure of the workpiece determines that the workpiece cannot adopt a one-time integral cutting mode. Because the included angle between the acute angles of the A surface and the B surface is smaller, when the laser cuts the edge of one surface, the laser beam inevitably irradiates the back surface of the adjacent surface due to the divergence and path deviation of the laser beam in the process of penetrating through the thin plate. The high energy density of the laser can form burning marks in the irradiated area, the marks not only can damage the surface smoothness of the workpiece and affect the appearance quality, but also can change the metallographic structure of local metal, thereby leading to the increase of the hardness and the decrease of the toughness of the burning area and leading the workpiece to be easily broken from the area in the subsequent use. In this regard, it is necessary to provide a laser cutting machine for metal working. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a laser cutting machine for metal working, which solves the problems of the prior art. In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: A laser cutting machine for metal working, comprising: The fixture is arranged on the workbench, a multi-axis moving mechanism is arranged above the fixture, and the output end of the multi-axis moving mechanism is fixedly connected with a laser cutting head; The middle part of the workbench is provided with an inner expanding mechanism for carrying out inner expanding on the acute angle part of the plate, the inner expanding mechanism comprises two main frames which are adjustably connected with the workbench, one side of each main frame, which is far away from the main frame, is respectively connected with an auxiliary frame through a self-locking sliding block, the lower end of each aux