CN-122007822-A - Pressure vessel shell splicing construction method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure tank production, and particularly relates to a splicing construction method of a pressure vessel shell, which comprises the steps of vertically placing a cylinder on an assembly platform, placing an upper seal head on the cylinder, and taking two fixed points on two sides of the cylinder to align welding seams at the fixed points; the welding line welding method comprises the steps of arranging a material receiving tool at a welding line of a cylinder body and an end socket, supporting and adjusting the position with obvious offset of a welding line butt joint through the material receiving tool, guaranteeing that the offset of the butt joint meets design requirements, fixing the welding line after the supporting and adjusting are finished, removing the material receiving tool after the welding line spot welding is fixed, carrying out bottoming on the whole welding line by adopting argon arc welding, carrying out submerged arc welding for filling and capping, and welding the lower end socket and the cylinder body in the same way. The construction method reduces the manufacturing difficulty of butt-joint assembly of the pressure vessel seal head and the cylinder body, ensures that the construction method is simpler and easier to operate, and improves the manufacturing efficiency and the manufacturing precision of butt joint between the seal head and the cylinder body.

Inventors

• CHEN YUBIN
• LI YUHAN
• WU ZHENKUN
• LIU ZEKUN
• BI QIANG
• XU JIANXIU
• WANG SHANSHAN
• GUO WANG
• XU SHENGQIAN
• WANG JING

Assignees

• 中国二十二冶集团有限公司
• 二十二冶集团装备制造有限公司
• 中冶重工(新疆)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260327

Claims (4)

1. 1. The splicing construction method of the pressure vessel shell is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Step one, measuring the sizes of the circumference (11) and the diameter (12) of the round openings of the upper end socket (1) and the lower end socket respectively according to the end sockets of the two ends of the processed pressure vessel; Step two, blanking the barrel (2) according to the sizes of the circular opening circumferences (11) of the upper seal head (1) and the lower seal head as unfolding blanking, cutting the barrel steel plate (21), marking the upper end and the lower end on the surface of the barrel steel plate (21), and facilitating subsequent splicing of the corresponding seal heads; Thirdly, placing the cut cylinder steel plate (21) into a rolling machine for bending and rolling, checking the bending radian of the cylinder (2) by using an iron sheet template, and spot welding and fixing longitudinal joints of the cylinder (2) after the steel plate is qualified; fourthly, backing longitudinal joints of the cylinder body (2) by adopting argon arc welding, and filling and capping by submerged arc welding; Step five, designing and manufacturing a receiving tool (3) of the cylinder body (2) and the seal head; Step six, vertically placing the cylinder body (2) on the assembly platform (4), placing the upper seal head (1) on the cylinder body (2), and taking two fixing points (7) on two sides of the cylinder body (2) to align the welding seam (8) at the fixing points (7); Step seven, the material receiving tool (3) is moved, hoisted and placed at the welding seam (8) of the cylinder body (2) and the upper sealing head (1), the position with obvious offset of the welding seam is supported and adjusted through the material receiving tool (3), the offset of the welding seam is ensured to meet the design requirement, and the welding seam (8) is fixed by spot welding after the adjustment is completed; Step eight, after the welding line is fixed by spot welding, unscrewing a bolt (33), then removing a material receiving tool (3), and backing the whole welding line (8) by adopting argon arc welding, and filling and capping by submerged arc welding; and step nine, assembling and welding the lower seal head and the cylinder body (2) according to the steps six to eight.
2. 2. The splicing construction method of the pressure vessel shell according to claim 1, wherein the material receiving tool (3) comprises two annular steel rings (31) which are arranged up and down at intervals, a plurality of connecting plates (34) are uniformly welded between the two annular steel rings (31) to weld the two annular steel rings together, nuts (32) are uniformly fixedly connected to opposite side surfaces of the two annular steel rings (31), bolts (33) are installed in the nuts (32), and the end parts of the bolts (33) are abutted to the surfaces of the cylinder (2) and the upper sealing head (1).
3. 3. The splicing construction method of the pressure vessel shell according to claim 2, wherein in the seventh step, the misalignment amount is adjusted by rotating the bolts (33), so that the ends of the bolts (33) apply pressure to the surface of the cylinder (2) or the upper head (1) to deform the opening of the cylinder (2) or the upper head (1) so as to be completely aligned.
4. 4. The pressure vessel shell splicing construction method according to claim 2, wherein nuts (32) fixedly connected to the upper annular steel ring (31) are in one-to-one correspondence with nuts (32) fixedly connected to the lower annular steel ring (31), and the corresponding nuts (32) are respectively arranged on two sides of the connecting plate (34).

Description

Pressure vessel shell splicing construction method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure tank production, and particularly relates to a splicing construction method for a pressure vessel shell. Background In the field of modern industry, a pressure vessel is widely used as a special device for storing, transporting or reacting gas or liquid with a certain pressure in petrochemical industry, energy, medicine, food, metallurgy and other industries. The safety performance of the pressure vessel is directly related to the stable operation of the production process and the safety of personnel, lives and properties, so that extremely high requirements are put on the manufacturing quality of the pressure vessel. The pressure vessel shell is used as a core pressure-bearing member for bearing internal pressure or external pressure, and the structural integrity and welding quality of the pressure vessel shell are key for guaranteeing the safe operation of the vessel. The shell is formed by splicing a plurality of cylinder sections, sealing heads and other parts in a welding mode, and the overall strength, sealing performance and service life of the pressure vessel are directly determined by the quality of splicing construction. Conventional pressure vessel shell splicing construction methods often face a number of challenges in practical operation. Firstly, in the assembly stage of shell parts (such as cylinder sections and sealing heads), the control difficulty of the alignment precision and the misalignment amount is high. Because the manufacturing error of the parts, the stress deformation in the hoisting process and the manual adjustment operation experience have strong dependence, the roundness deviation of the assembled rear shell is easy to cause, the misalignment amount of the longitudinal and circumferential weld joints exceeds the standard allowable range, the difficulty of subsequent welding is increased, and larger welding stress and deformation can be generated after the welding, so that the structural stability of the shell is affected. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the adjustment of the misalignment amount of the welding joint of a pressure vessel shell and a sealing head. The invention solves the problems, and adopts the following technical scheme: The splicing construction method of the pressure vessel shell comprises the following steps: Step one, measuring the sizes of the circumferences and the diameters of the circular openings of the upper sealing head and the lower sealing head respectively according to the sealing heads at the two ends of the processed pressure vessel; Step two, blanking the cylinder according to the circumferences of the upper end socket and the lower end socket as the size of the expanding blanking, cutting the blanking of the cylinder steel plate, marking the upper end and the lower end of the surface mark of the cylinder steel plate, and facilitating the subsequent splicing of the corresponding end sockets; Thirdly, placing the cut cylinder steel plate into a rolling machine for bending and rolling, checking the bending radian of the cylinder by using an iron sheet template, and spot welding and fixing longitudinal joints of the cylinder after the steel plate is qualified; fourthly, the longitudinal joint of the cylinder body is primed by argon arc welding, and the longitudinal joint is filled and covered by submerged arc welding; step five, designing and manufacturing a receiving tool for the cylinder and the seal head; step six, vertically placing the cylinder on an assembly platform, placing the upper seal head on the cylinder, and taking two fixing points on two sides of the cylinder to align the welding seam at the fixing points; step seven, moving and hoisting the material receiving tool, placing the material receiving tool at the welding seam of the cylinder body and the sealing head, supporting and adjusting the position with obvious offset of the butt seam through the material receiving tool, ensuring that the offset of the butt seam meets the design requirement, and spot-welding and fixing the welding seam after the supporting and adjusting are finished; Step eight, after the welding line is fixed by spot welding, unscrewing a bolt, then removing a material receiving tool, and carrying out argon arc welding for backing the whole welding line, and carrying out submerged arc welding for filling and capping; and step nine, assembling and welding the lower seal head and the cylinder body according to the step six to the step eight. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the structure has the beneficial effects that: The construction method reduces the manufacturing difficulty of butt-joint assembly of the pressure vessel seal head and the cylinder body, ensures that the construction method is simpler and easier to operate, and improves the manufacturing efficiency and the m