CN-122007922-A - Laser-assisted machining system and machining method

CN122007922ACN 122007922 ACN122007922 ACN 122007922ACN-122007922-A

Abstract

The utility model provides a laser auxiliary processing system and processing method, relate to machining technical field, this processing system includes the cutter subassembly, laser subassembly, first adjusting part and second adjusting part, the cutter subassembly includes the cutter body, be used for treating the machined part, the laser subassembly includes the laser emission spare, the laser emission spare is used for producing laser facula to treating the surface of machined part, in order to treat the machined part before the cutter body carries out the processing, first adjusting part is used for adjusting the position of laser emission spare relative to the cutter body, the second adjusting part is used for adjusting the distance between laser emission spare and the cutter body, and/or be used for adjusting the angle of laser emission spare relative to the cutter body, first adjusting part cooperates with the second adjusting part, be used for making the laser facula can be for the cutter body motion, so that the motion path of laser facula can cover the processing region of cutter body completely, compact structure, have good suitability.

Inventors

TIAN SHENGLIN
XU YOUFANG
ZHANG RENJI
LI WEIMING
ZHANG YAN
ZHU QISONG
YANG XUFENG

Assignees

浙江吉利控股集团有限公司
吉利汽车研究院（宁波）有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260318

Claims (10)

1. A laser assisted machining system, comprising: A tool assembly (10) comprising a tool body (11) for machining a workpiece to be machined, the tool body (11) being configured to have a feed amount along a surface of the workpiece to be machined, The laser component (20) comprises a laser emitting piece (21), the laser emitting piece (21) is movably arranged on one side of the cutter body (11), the laser emitting piece (21) is used for generating laser spots to the surface of a workpiece to be processed so as to heat the workpiece to be processed before the cutter body (11) processes the workpiece to be processed, A first adjusting component (30) for adjusting the position of the laser emitting piece (21) relative to the cutter body (11) so that the laser spot is positioned in front of the feeding direction of the cutter body (11), And a second adjusting component (40) for adjusting the distance between the laser emitting part (21) and the cutter body (11) and/or for adjusting the angle of the laser emitting part (21) relative to the cutter body (11), wherein the first adjusting component (30) is matched with the second adjusting component (40) and is used for enabling the laser light spot to move relative to the cutter body (11) so that the movement path of the laser light spot can completely cover the processing area of the cutter body (11).
2. The laser assisted machining system of claim 1, characterized in that the first adjustment assembly (30) comprises a first power source (31), a first transmission member (32) and a second transmission member (33), the first transmission member (32) being mounted on an output shaft (311) of the first power source (31), the second transmission member (33) being for mounting the laser emitting member (21), the first transmission member (32) and the second transmission member (33) cooperating for adjusting the position of the laser emitting member (21) relative to the cutter body (11).
3. The laser-assisted machining system according to claim 2, characterized in that the second transmission member (33) is arranged coaxially with the cutter body (11), the laser emitting member (21) is mounted to an axial end of the second transmission member (33), and a central axis of the laser emitting member (21) is coplanar with a central axis of the cutter body (11).
4. The laser assisted machining system of claim 2, characterized in that the tool assembly (10) comprises a connecting spindle (12) for mounting the tool body (11), the first power source (31) is mounted on the connecting spindle (12) by a fixing portion (34), the fixing portion (34) comprises a limiting member (341), two limiting members (341) are spliced to form a first fixing space and a second fixing space, the first fixing space is used for mounting and fixing the connecting spindle (12), and the second fixing space is used for mounting and fixing the first power source (31).
5. The laser-assisted machining system according to claim 1, wherein the second adjusting assembly (40) comprises a mounting seat (41) and an angle adjusting member (42), the laser emitting member (21) is movably mounted on the mounting seat (41), the angle adjusting member (42) comprises a second power source (421), the second power source (421) is mounted on one side of the mounting seat (41), and an output shaft of the second power source (421) is connected with the laser emitting member (21) for driving the laser emitting member (21) to rotate.
6. The laser assisted machining system of claim 1, wherein the second adjustment assembly (40) includes a mounting base (41) and a distance adjustment member (43), the laser emitting member (21) is movably mounted on the mounting base (41), the laser emitting member (21) is mounted with a first matching member (23), the distance adjustment member (43) includes a third power source (431) and a second matching member, and the second matching member is connected with an output shaft of the third power source (431) and is in transmission connection with the first matching member (23) so as to make the laser emitting member (21) perform a linear motion relative to the mounting base (41).
7. The laser-assisted machining system according to claim 1, further comprising a master control (50), the master control (50) being in communication with the tool assembly (10), the laser assembly (20), the first adjustment assembly (30) and the second adjustment assembly (40), the master control (50) comprising a memory unit (51) and a logic unit (52), the memory unit (51) storing a radial dimension r1 of the tool body (11) and a radial dimension r2 of the laser spot, the logic unit (52) being capable of comparing values of the radial dimension r1 of the tool body (11) and the radial dimension r2 of the laser spot to calculate a movement path of the laser spot and send control instructions to the first adjustment assembly (30) and/or the second adjustment assembly (40) to adjust the position of the laser emitter (21).
8. The laser-assisted processing system according to claim 7, wherein the storage unit (51) stores a spot-path calculation formula, r1> r2 is judged based on the logic unit (52), and the logic unit (52) calls the spot-path calculation formula to calculate the movement path of the laser spot.
9. A laser assisted processing method, characterized by being applied to the laser assisted processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of: Adjusting the initial position of the cutter body, namely adjusting the position of the cutter body (11) relative to the to-be-machined workpiece based on the position of a machining area on the to-be-machined workpiece, and finishing cutter setting; Calculating a laser spot path, namely calculating a movement path of the laser spot based on the radial dimension r1 of the cutter body (11) and the radial dimension r2 of the laser spot; The initial position of the laser spot is adjusted by a first adjusting component (30) for adjusting the position of the laser emitting piece (21) relative to the cutter body (11), and/or by a second adjusting component (40) for adjusting the distance between the laser emitting piece (21) and the cutter body (11), and/or by a second adjusting component (40) for adjusting the angle of the laser emitting piece (21) relative to the cutter body (11) so that the laser spot is positioned at a certain distance in front of the feeding direction of the cutter body (11); And processing, namely based on the calculated movement path of the laser spot, the first adjusting component (30) and/or the second adjusting component (40) adjust the position of the laser emitting piece (21) in real time, so that the laser spot heats a workpiece to be processed in front of the feeding direction of the cutter body (11), and the cutter body (11) processes the heated workpiece to be processed.
10. The laser assisted processing method of claim 9, wherein the laser spot path calculation step further comprises: Based on the radial dimension r1 of the cutter body (11) and the radial dimension r2 of the laser light spot which are stored by the storage unit (51) and a light spot path calculation formula, the logic unit (52) compares the radial dimension r1 of the cutter body (11) with the value of the radial dimension r2 of the laser light spot, calculates the movement path of the laser light spot based on the light spot path calculation formula, and can send a control instruction to the first adjusting component (30) and/or the second adjusting component (40).

Description

Laser-assisted machining system and machining method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a laser-assisted machining system and a machining method. Background Along with the technical development of the vehicle field, more and more high-performance alloy materials, such as ultra-high strength steel, titanium alloy and the like, are applied to vehicles, the cutting force of a cutter is larger when a to-be-machined part of the metal material is subjected to cutting and milling, the cutter is extremely easy to damage, the cutter needs to be replaced frequently, the machining cost is increased, and the surface of the to-be-machined part is easily cracked due to thermal stress when being machined due to harder material of the to-be-machined part, so that the surface quality of the to-be-machined part after machining is poor, the rejection rate and the repairing times are increased, and the metal material has certain limitation. The laser assistance refers to the combination of a laser system and a traditional machining technology, and the main principle is that before machining by using a cutter, a workpiece to be machined is heated by laser, so that the hardness and strength of the workpiece to be machined are changed, and the surface quality of the workpiece to be machined is improved. Because the cutters adopted by cutting, milling and the like are different, when cutters with different specifications are adopted, the laser can not completely cover the processing area of the cutter, so that the cutter is extremely easy to collapse, the reject ratio of a workpiece to be processed is increased, if different laser systems are required to be replaced frequently, the operation is complex, and the processing cost is increased. Disclosure of Invention Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a laser-assisted processing system and a processing method, which can change a movement path of a laser spot according to specifications of a cutter body, so that a heating area of the laser spot can always cover a processing area of the cutter body, thereby being capable of matching cutter bodies with different specifications, having good applicability and improving processing efficiency. The invention provides a laser-assisted processing system, comprising: A tool assembly comprising a tool body for machining a workpiece to be machined, the tool body being configured to have a feed along a surface of the workpiece to be machined, The laser component comprises a laser emitting part which is movably arranged on one side of the cutter body and used for generating laser spots to the surface of a workpiece to be processed so as to heat the workpiece to be processed before the cutter body processes the workpiece to be processed, A first adjusting component for adjusting the position of the laser emitting piece relative to the cutter body so that the laser spot is positioned in front of the feeding direction of the cutter body, And a second adjusting component for adjusting the distance between the laser emitting part and the cutter body and/or for adjusting the angle of the laser emitting part relative to the cutter body, wherein the first adjusting component is matched with the second adjusting component and used for enabling the laser spot to move relative to the cutter body so that the movement path of the laser spot can completely cover the processing area of the cutter body. In an embodiment, the first adjusting component comprises a first power source, a first transmission part and a second transmission part, wherein the first transmission part is installed on an output shaft of the first power source, the second transmission part is used for installing the laser emitting part, and the first transmission part and the second transmission part are matched and used for adjusting the position of the laser emitting part relative to the cutter body. In an embodiment, the second transmission member is coaxially disposed with the cutter body, the laser emitting member is mounted at one axial end of the second transmission member, and a central axis of the laser emitting member is coplanar with a central axis of the cutter body. In an embodiment, the cutter assembly comprises a connecting spindle for mounting the cutter body, the first power source is mounted on the connecting spindle through a fixing part, the fixing part comprises a limiting piece, the two limiting pieces are spliced to form a first fixing space and a second fixing space, the first fixing space is used for mounting and fixing the connecting spindle, and the second fixing space is used for mounting and fixing the first power source. In an embodiment, the second adjusting component comprises a mounting seat and an angle adjusting piece, the laser emitting piece is movably mounted on the mounting seat, the angle adjusting piece comprises a second power source, the second power source is mounted on one side