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CN-122007954-A - Self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for HSK tool magazine

CN122007954ACN 122007954 ACN122007954 ACN 122007954ACN-122007954-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for an HSK tool magazine, and belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools. The device comprises a mounting plate frame, and a chain type tool magazine, a clamping and transferring mechanism, a reversing mechanism, a conical surface cleaning mechanism and an electrical control cabinet which are arranged on the mounting plate frame. The chain type tool magazine comprises an annular chain and a plurality of HSK special tool sleeves. The clamping and transferring mechanism comprises a Y-axis linear module, an X-axis linear module and a scissor-type clamp with a film pressure sensor group and is used for clamping a cutter from a cutter sleeve and transversely transferring the cutter. The reversing mechanism is used for receiving the cutter and conveying the cutter to the cutter changing station after rotating by 90 degrees. The conical surface cleaning mechanism is movably arranged on the back side of the mounting plate frame and is used for cleaning the conical surface of the knife handle before the knife enters the reversing mechanism. The electric control cabinet is internally provided with a motion controller and a cleaning controller which are respectively and electrically connected with the mechanisms.

Inventors

  • LI SHUANGSHU
  • LI JIN
  • YUAN XIANLIANG
  • LIU WEI

Assignees

  • 安徽东钜精密机械有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260330

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for the HSK tool magazine comprises a mounting plate frame (1) and is characterized in that a chain type tool magazine is arranged on the mounting plate frame (1), and the chain type tool magazine comprises an annular chain (2) and a plurality of special tool sleeves (3) for the HSK, wherein the special tool sleeves are fixed on the annular chain (2) at intervals; The clamping and transferring mechanism (5) is arranged on the positive side of the mounting plate frame (1) and is positioned on one side of the annular chain (2) and is used for clamping a cutter from the special HSK cutter sleeve (3) and transversely transferring the cutter to the other side of the annular chain (2); The reversing mechanism (6) is arranged on the positive side of the mounting plate frame (1) and positioned on the other side of the annular chain (2) and is used for receiving the cutter transferred by the clamping and transferring mechanism (5) and conveying the cutter to the cutter changing station after rotating by 90 degrees; The conical surface cleaning mechanism (8) is movably arranged on the back side of the mounting plate frame (1) and is positioned on a cutter transferring path of the reversing mechanism (6) and used for cleaning the conical surface of the cutter handle before the cutter enters the reversing mechanism (6); and the electric control cabinet (4) is fixed on one side of the mounting plate frame (1), a programmable motion controller and a programmable cleaning controller are arranged in the electric control cabinet (4), the motion controller is respectively electrically connected with the clamping and transferring mechanism (5) and the reversing mechanism (6), and the cleaning controller is electrically connected with the conical surface cleaning mechanism (8).
  2. 2. The self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for the HSK tool magazine according to claim 1, wherein the clamping and transferring mechanism (5) comprises: the Y-axis linear module (51) is fixed on the positive side of the mounting plate frame (1) along the vertical direction; an X-axis linear module (52) fixed on the sliding table of the Y-axis linear module (51) along the horizontal direction; The movable support (53) is fixedly connected to the sliding table of the X-axis linear module (52); and the scissor-type clamp (54) is fixedly connected to the movable bracket (53).
  3. 3. The adaptive clamping automatic tool changer for an HSK tool magazine according to claim 2, wherein the scissor clamp (54) comprises: a clamp base (541) fixedly connected to the movable bracket (53); The lower clamping jaw (542) is fixedly connected with the lower part of the clamp base (541) through a bolt, and the clamping inner wall of the lower clamping jaw (542) is matched with the outer contour of the lower part of the HSK knife handle; the upper clamping jaw (543) is hinged to the upper portion of the clamp base (541) through a pin shaft and is located right above the lower clamping jaw (542), and the clamping inner wall of the upper clamping jaw (543) is matched with the outer contour of the upper portion of the HSK knife handle; a film pressure sensor group (544) attached to the inner wall surface of the upper clamping jaw (543) facing the side of the knife handle, wherein the signal output end of the film pressure sensor group (544) is electrically connected with the input end of the motion controller; and the clamping jaw driver (545) is connected with the upper clamping jaw (543) at the driving end and is used for driving the upper clamping jaw (543) to rotate.
  4. 4. The self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for the HSK tool magazine according to claim 1, wherein the reversing mechanism (6) comprises: A Y-direction linear guide rail pair (61) fixed on the front side of the mounting plate frame (1) along the horizontal direction; A sliding frame (62) which is connected to the sliding block of the Y-direction linear guide rail pair (61) in a sliding manner; The tool rest rotating shaft (63) is rotatably supported in the sliding frame (62) through a bearing, and the axis of the tool rest rotating shaft (63) is perpendicular to the axis of the Y-direction linear guide rail pair (61); The auxiliary cutter sleeve (64) is fixedly connected to one end of the cutter rest rotating shaft (63) facing the clamping and transferring mechanism (5) through a bolt; The servo motor (65) is fixed at the top of the sliding frame (62) through a motor seat, and an output shaft of the servo motor (65) is fixedly connected with the other end of the tool rest rotating shaft (63) in a coaxial mode through a coupler.
  5. 5. The self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for the HSK tool magazine according to claim 1, wherein the conical surface cleaning mechanism (8) is mounted on the back side of the mounting plate frame (1) through a lifting and shifting assembly (7), and the lifting and shifting assembly (7) comprises: The upright post (71) is fixed on the back side of the installation plate frame (1) through a bolt, and a vertical guide groove (72) is formed in one side, facing the reversing mechanism (6), of the upright post (71) along the vertical direction; the lifting screw rod (73) is rotatably supported between the upper end and the lower end of the vertical guide groove (72) through a bearing; the lifting motor (75) is fixed at the top end of the upright post (71) through a motor seat, and an output shaft of the lifting motor (75) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lifting screw rod (73) coaxially through a coupler; The lifting slide block (74) is in threaded transmission connection with the lifting screw rod (73), and the lifting slide block (74) is in sliding fit with the vertical guide groove (72); the connecting plate (76) is fixedly connected to the side end surface of the lifting slide block (74) facing the reversing mechanism (6) through a bolt; the X-direction micro-motion driver (77) is a linear module or an electric push rod and is fixed on the connecting plate (76) along the horizontal direction.
  6. 6. The self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for the HSK tool magazine according to claim 5, wherein the conical surface cleaning mechanism (8) comprises: The sliding seat (81) is fixedly connected with the movable end of the X-direction micro-motion driver (77); the cleaning head (82) is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding seat (81) close to the reversing mechanism (6); the pulse air supply unit (83) is fixed on the back side of the mounting plate frame (1), and the air outlet end of the pulse air supply unit (83) is communicated with the air inlet end of the cleaning head (82) through a flexible air pipe; the dust hood assembly (84) is sleeved at the front end of the cleaning head (82) and is fixedly connected with the cleaning head (82); The dust collecting unit (85) is fixed on the back side of the installation plate frame (1), and the air inlet end of the dust collecting unit (85) is communicated with the air outlet end of the dust hood assembly (84) through a dust collection hose.
  7. 7. The adaptive clamping automatic tool changer for an HSK tool magazine according to claim 6, wherein the cleaning head (82) comprises: The cleaning ring (821) is of a circular ring structure, the inner diameter of the cleaning ring is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the conical surface of the HSK knife handle, an annular air cavity (822) is formed in the cleaning ring (821) in the circumferential direction, a plurality of air injection holes (823) communicated with the annular air cavity (822) are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the cleaning ring (821) in the circumferential direction, the axis of the air injection holes (823) and the radial plane of the cleaning ring (821) form an included angle of 30-60 degrees, and the air injection direction of the air injection holes (823) points to the reverse direction of the entering direction of a cutter; the air inlet connector (824) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cleaning ring (821) and is communicated with the annular air cavity (822), and the air inlet connector (824) is connected with the air outlet end of the pulse air supply unit (83) through a flexible air pipe.
  8. 8. The self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for an HSK tool magazine according to claim 7, wherein the pulse gas supply unit (83) comprises: the first supporting frame (831) is fixed on the back side of the installation plate frame (1); the precise pressure reducing valve (832) is arranged on the first supporting frame (831), and the air inlet end of the precise pressure reducing valve is used for being connected with an external compressed air source; a high-frequency pulse electromagnetic valve (833) is arranged on the first support frame (831), and an air inlet of the high-frequency pulse electromagnetic valve is connected with an air outlet end of the precise pressure reducing valve (832) through a pipeline; the air storage tank (834) is arranged in the first support frame (831), and an air inlet of the air storage tank is connected with an air outlet of the high-frequency pulse electromagnetic valve (833) through a pipeline; The flow regulating valves (835) are arranged on the first supporting frame (831), air inlets of the flow regulating valves are respectively connected with air outlets of the air storage tanks (834) through multi-way connectors, and air outlets of the flow regulating valves (835) are respectively connected with the air inlet connectors (824) through pipelines.
  9. 9. The adaptive clamping automatic tool changer for an HSK tool magazine according to claim 7, wherein the dust hood assembly (84) comprises: a conical cover (841) one end of which is fixedly connected with the front end of the cleaning ring (821) and the other end of which faces the auxiliary knife sleeve (64) of the reversing mechanism (6); the dust collection ring (842) is of a circular ring structure and is fixedly connected to the inner side end part of the conical cover (841), an annular negative pressure cavity is formed in the dust collection ring (842) in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of dust collection holes communicated with the annular negative pressure cavity are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the dust collection ring (842) in the circumferential direction; the dust collection joint (843) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the dust collection ring (842) and communicated with the annular negative pressure cavity, and the dust collection joint (843) is connected with the air inlet end of the dust collection unit (85) through a dust collection hose; the dust collection unit (85) includes: a second supporting frame (851) fixed on the back side of the mounting plate frame (1); a dust box (852) which is arranged in the second support frame (851) and is internally provided with a negative pressure source; And the filter type dust collector (853) is arranged at the side of the second support frame (851), the air inlet of the filter type dust collector is connected with the dust collection joint (843) through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the filter type dust collector is connected with the negative pressure interface of the dust collection box (852).
  10. 10. The self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for the HSK tool magazine according to claim 4, wherein a through window (11) is formed in the front side of the mounting plate frame (1) corresponding to the middle area of the annular chain (2), and the through window (11) penetrates through the front side and the back side of the mounting plate frame (1); The clamping and transferring mechanism (5) is positioned at the left side of the through window (11), and the reversing mechanism (6) is positioned at the right side of the through window (11); When the X-axis linear module (52) of the clamping and transferring mechanism (5) drives the movable support (53) to transversely move, a cutter clamped by the scissor-type clamp (54) passes through the through window (11) and is directly transferred into the auxiliary cutter sleeve (64) of the reversing mechanism (6).

Description

Self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for HSK tool magazine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to an automatic tool changing device for a machining center, and especially relates to a self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for an HSK tool magazine. Background With the rapid development of high-end manufacturing industries such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, wind power generation and the like, the requirements on the processing efficiency and the precision of a processing center are increasingly severe. The HSK (hollow short taper shank) knife handle has become a mainstream interface form of a high-speed cutting machining center because of the advantages of excellent high-speed machining performance, high repeated positioning precision, good rigidity and the like. The performance of an Automatic Tool Changer (ATC) used with the HSK tool shank directly affects the efficiency and reliability of the overall machining center. However, the ATC device in the prior art still has the following technical problems when processing the HSK cutter handle: 1. The clamping stability depends on a mechanical structure, and the traditional scissor type clamp can not sense the actual clamping state by providing constant clamping force through a spring or an air cylinder. When the cutter handle has small size deviation and chips or cooling liquid are adhered to the surface, the conditions of insufficient clamping force or over-tight clamping are easy to occur, and the reliability of cutter changing is affected. 2. The adaptability of the weight of the cutter is poor, the weight range of the cutter which is matched with the HSK cutter handle is large (from a few kilograms to tens of kilograms), the clamping force of the traditional clamp cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the actual weight of the cutter, so that the light cutter is easy to damage due to too tight clamping, and the heavy cutter is easy to drop due to insufficient clamping. 3. The tool changing process is not monitored in real time, namely the existing tool changing device only executes mechanical action, so that whether the tool is reliably clamped, inserted in place, abnormal resistance exists or not can not be perceived, and the tool changing fault is difficult to discover in time. The cleaning of the conical surface of the HSK knife handle is insufficient, namely the HSK knife handle is tightly matched with the conical surface of the main shaft to realize high-precision positioning, and if tiny chips or greasy dirt exist on the conical surface, the positioning precision and the clamping force are seriously affected. The existing tool changing device lacks a function of cleaning the conical surface of the tool handle. Disclosure of Invention 1. The technical problems to be solved are as follows: the invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides the self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for the HSK tool magazine, which can adaptively adjust clamping force according to the characteristics of a tool, monitor the clamping state in real time and automatically clean the conical surface of a tool holder in the tool changing process, so as to improve the reliability, safety and machining precision of tool changing. 2. The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme. The self-adaptive clamping type automatic tool changing device for the HSK tool magazine comprises a mounting plate frame, wherein a chain type tool magazine is arranged on the mounting plate frame and comprises an annular chain and a plurality of special tool sleeves for the HSK, and the special tool sleeves are fixed on the annular chain at intervals; the clamping and transferring mechanism is arranged on the front side of the mounting plate frame and positioned on one side of the annular chain, and is used for clamping a cutter from the special HSK cutter sleeve and transversely transferring the cutter to the other side of the annular chain; The reversing mechanism is arranged on the front side of the mounting plate frame and positioned on the other side of the annular chain, and is used for receiving the cutter transferred by the clamping and transferring mechanism, rotating the cutter by 90 degrees and then conveying the cutter to the cutter changing station; The conical surface cleaning mechanism is movably arranged on the back side of the mounting plate frame and is positioned on a cutter transferring path of the reversing mechanism and used for cleaning the conical surface of the cutter handle before the cutter enters the reversing mechanism; And the electric control cabinet is fixed on one side of the mounting plate frame, a programmable motion controller and a programmable cleaning controller are arranged in the electric control cabinet, the motion con