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CN-122007955-A - Device for replacing cutter

CN122007955ACN 122007955 ACN122007955 ACN 122007955ACN-122007955-A

Abstract

The invention provides a device for replacing a tool, which relates to the technical field of machining equipment and comprises a tool magazine, wherein the tool magazine is of a circular disc-shaped structure, a motor is fixedly arranged at the central position of the tool magazine, a mounting plate is arranged above the motor, a spindle box is arranged at the outer edge of the tool magazine, the motor for driving the tool magazine to rotate is directly and integrally arranged at the center of the tool magazine, the scheme of adding a transmission mechanism (such as a gear and a synchronous belt) to the traditional side motor is abandoned, the radial size of the device is greatly reduced, meanwhile, a tool holder mechanism is skillfully arranged at the bottom of the spindle box, the whole device forms a concentric laminated structure of a motor, the tool magazine and the spindle box, the layout is extremely compact, precious space is vacated for the arrangement of other parts of a machine tool, and the device is particularly suitable for a five-axis machining center or a small-sized precision machine tool with strict requirements on space.

Inventors

  • HU PING
  • ZHOU HAISHENG
  • TIAN KUN
  • Wen Zexu

Assignees

  • 江苏德杰机械设备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260410

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The device for replacing the cutter comprises a cutter magazine (1) and is characterized in that the cutter magazine (1) is of a circular disc-shaped structure, a motor (2) is fixedly arranged at the central position of the cutter magazine (1), a mounting plate (3) is arranged above the motor (2), and a spindle box (4) is arranged at the outer edge of the cutter magazine (1).
  2. 2. The device for replacing tools according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of tool clamping positions (11) are uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the tool magazine (1) along the circumferential direction, the spindle box (4) corresponds to one of the tool clamping positions (11), and the spindle box (4) is of a cuboid structure, and the top of the spindle box is connected with an external driving device.
  3. 3. A device for changing tools according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool holder means (5) is provided at the inner bottom end of the headstock (4), the tool holder means (5) being of cylindrical construction with an axis parallel to the bottom length direction of the headstock (4) and coinciding with the axis of the tool holding position (11).
  4. 4. A device for changing tools according to claim 3, characterized in that the holder means (5) comprises an axially movable driving rod (51), the front end of the driving rod (51) being provided with a clamping jaw (52), the rear end of the driving rod (51) being connected to a power unit (53), the driving rod (51) being mechanically coupled to the clamping jaw (52) by means of an internal coupling mechanism.
  5. 5. A device for changing tools according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer circumference of the tool holder means (5) is provided with a guide sleeve (54), the guide sleeve (54) is fixed on the inner wall of the headstock (4), and the rear end of the tool holder means (5) is provided with an interface (55).
  6. 6. The device for changing tools according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the tool magazine (1) is provided with a support seat (6), the support seat (6) is of a ring-shaped structure, the inner diameter of which is adapted to the outer diameter of the tool magazine (1), and the tool magazine (1) is rotatably supported on the support seat (6).
  7. 7. The device for replacing a tool according to claim 1, wherein the mounting plate (3) has a plate-like structure, the bottom of which is mounted corresponding to the top of the motor (2), and the mounting plate (3) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (31).
  8. 8. A device for changing tools according to claim 3, characterized in that the bottom end of the headstock (4) is provided with an inwardly recessed relief groove (41) at a position corresponding to the front end of the tool holder mechanism (5), the relief groove (41) being shaped to fit the outer shape of the clamping jaw (52).
  9. 9. The device for changing a tool according to claim 4, wherein the power unit (53) is a spindle, a housing of the power unit (53) is fixedly connected to a rear end of the spindle box (4), and a telescopic rod of the power unit is connected to a rear end of the driving rod (51).
  10. 10. A device for changing tools according to claim 4, characterized in that the clamping jaw (52) is cylindrical and is internally provided with an adsorption structure, and the rear end of the clamping jaw (52) is in sliding engagement with the driving head at the front end of the driving rod (51).

Description

Device for replacing cutter Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a device for replacing a cutter. Background In an automatic numerical control machining center, in order to finish machining of multiple working procedures of a workpiece, such as milling, drilling, boring, tapping and the like, different tools need to be automatically replaced according to program instructions in the machining process. The automatic tool changing device is an indispensable core functional component of a modern machining center, and the performance of the automatic tool changing device directly influences the machining efficiency, precision and reliability of a machine tool. At present, the mainstream tool changing device in the industry mainly comprises two types, namely a mechanical arm type tool changing device which is used for grabbing and exchanging tools between a tool magazine and a spindle through an independent tool changing mechanical arm, and a mechanical arm type tool changing device which is not used, wherein the tool magazine moving mode or the spindle box moving mode is generally adopted, so that the spindle is directly exchanged with the tools on the tool magazine. However, the existing tool changing devices generally have the following significant drawbacks: 1) The mechanical arm type knife changing device is complex in structure and large in occupied space, and particularly needs a complex connecting rod mechanism, a cam mechanism or a hydraulic/pneumatic system to drive the mechanical arm to complete a series of combined actions such as knife grabbing, knife pulling, rotation and knife inserting. The machine tool not only increases the whole volume and the manufacturing cost of the machine tool, but also puts strict requirements on the relative positions of the tool magazine and the spindle, and limits the miniaturization and the intensive design of the machine tool. 2) The tool changing precision is affected by mechanical abrasion, and a large number of kinematic pairs and transmission links such as gears, cams, sliding grooves and the like exist in the traditional device. With the increase of the service time, the abrasion of the parts can be gradually accumulated, so that the cutter changing positioning precision is reduced, the problems of poor neutrality, unstable cutter clamping and the like occur, and the cutter and a spindle taper hole can be damaged by pulling or even the cutter falling accident can occur when serious, thereby influencing the processing quality and the equipment safety. 3) In the existing device, the positioning of the tool magazine and the tool grabbing action of the main shaft are often controlled by two independent systems, and the synchronism and the alignment precision depend on a complex electric control system and a high-precision sensor. Once the control system is interfered by signals or the sensor is drifted, the tool clamping position of the tool magazine and the tool holder mechanism of the spindle box can not be aligned accurately, so that tool changing failure is caused. 4) The response speed is low, the processing beat is affected, the action speed of the traditional tool changing device is limited due to the fact that the transmission chain length and the inertia of moving parts are large, the time consumption of the tool changing process is long, and the tool changing device becomes one of the bottlenecks for limiting the improvement of the processing efficiency of the whole machine. Especially in the small-sized part processing of frequent tool changing, the tool changing time accounts for larger proportion of the total processing time, and the influence on the production efficiency is more remarkable. 5) The clamping mode is single, the adaptability is poor, many traditional cutter holder mechanisms adopt a pure mechanical clamping mode, good balance between clamping force and cutter surface protection is difficult to achieve for cutters with different specifications or materials, and the clamping stability is insufficient for small-diameter cutters or special cutters. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is needed to develop a tool changer with a simplified structure, small space occupation, high alignment precision, high response speed, and effective resistance to mechanical abrasion, and good clamping adaptability, so as to meet the development requirements of modern high-precision and high-efficiency numerical control machine tools. Disclosure of Invention The object of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a device for changing tools. Through the innovative design on the structure, the device aims at solving the technical problems of complex structure, large occupied space, insufficient alignment precision, low response speed and easiness in abrasion influence of the traditional device. In order to achieve the above purpose, the p