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CN-122007967-A - Multi-axis linkage numerical control machining equipment

CN122007967ACN 122007967 ACN122007967 ACN 122007967ACN-122007967-A

Abstract

The invention discloses multi-axis linkage numerical control machining equipment, and relates to the technical field of multi-axis machining centers. The invention realizes automatic start and stop of a main shaft cooling system by arranging an annular gap formed by the outer cylinder and a main shaft shell, the blade mechanism, the linkage mechanism and the thermosensitive assembly. When the temperature of the main shaft bearing area is increased, the thermosensitive assembly triggers the linkage mechanism, automatically enables the blade mechanism to be connected with the cutter head rotating at high speed, and utilizes the power of the machining body to drive the heat dissipation airflow, so that the effect of efficient heat dissipation according to needs is achieved, the running temperature of the main shaft is effectively reduced, the service life of the main shaft is prolonged, an additional driving source is not needed, and the main shaft is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Inventors

  • LEI BIAO
  • GUAN HAIYING
  • YANG JIANYUN
  • BAI SHUQING
  • WANG JING
  • WU YANHUI
  • LIU LING

Assignees

  • 内蒙古机电职业技术学院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260303

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device comprises a frame (1), an X axis (2), a Y axis (3), a Z axis (4), a C axis (5), a spindle box (6), a spray assembly (7), a main shaft (8) and a cutter head (81), wherein the X axis (2) and the Y axis (3) are arranged on the frame (1), the Z axis (4) is arranged on the X axis (2), the spindle box (6) is arranged on the Z axis (4), the main shaft (8) is arranged on the spindle box (6), the cutter head (81) is arranged at the bottom end of the main shaft (8), the spray assembly (7) which is arranged on the periphery of the cutter head (81) is arranged on the spindle box (6), the C axis (5) is arranged on the Y axis (3), and a workbench is arranged on the C axis (5), and the multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device is characterized in that: An auxiliary heat dissipation assembly (9) fixed on the spindle box (6) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the shell of the spindle (8); The auxiliary heat dissipation assembly (9) comprises an outer cylinder (91) fixed on the spindle box (6) and used for forming a gap for heat dissipation between the outer cylinder (91) and the outer shell of the spindle (8); the blade mechanism (92) is movably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder (91) and is used for sucking air flow into the gap; the recovery mechanism (93) is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer cylinder (91) and is used for recovering scraps mixed in the airflow; at least two thermosensitive assemblies (95) are arranged on the outer shell of the main shaft (8) close to the bearing; A linkage mechanism (94) is arranged between the thermosensitive assembly (95) and the blade mechanism (92) and is used for linking the blade mechanism (92) to be close to the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head (81) through temperature change, and the blade (923) of the blade mechanism (92) is driven to rotate by the power of the cutter head (81); the guide vanes (96) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (91).
  2. 2. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the blade mechanism (92) includes an outer ring (921); a rotating ring (922) is arranged in the outer ring (921) in a coaxial rotating connection manner; an inner ring (924) is coaxially arranged in the rotating ring (922); A plurality of blades (923) are fixedly connected between the rotating ring (922) and the inner ring (924); the inner wall of the inner ring (924) is matched with the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head (81), and a gap is arranged between the inner wall of the inner ring (924) and the inclined surface of the outer wall of the cutter head (81).
  3. 3. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the outer cylinder (91) is fixedly connected with at least two polished rods (912), and the bottom ends of the two polished rods (912) are fixedly connected with a limiting ring (913); and the outer ring (921) is provided with a sliding hole (925) movably connected with the polish rod (912).
  4. 4. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device according to claim 3, wherein the heat-sensitive component (95) comprises a heat-conducting shell (951) made of heat-conducting materials, the heat-conducting shell (951) is of a rectangular hollow shell structure and penetrates through the bottom, a thermal expansion air bag (952) is arranged in the heat-conducting shell (951), and the bottom end of the thermal expansion air bag (952) is supported on the linkage mechanism (94).
  5. 5. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device according to claim 4, wherein the linkage mechanism (94) comprises at least two connecting rods (941) fixedly connected to the outer ring (921); The top ends of the connecting rods (941) are hinged with levers (942), and the fulcrums of the levers (942) are arranged on the shell of the main shaft (8); The bottom end of the thermal expansion balloon (952) is supported on the short end of the lever (942); The outer wall of the outer cylinder (91) is provided with exhaust holes (911) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the levers (942), and the levers (942) penetrate through the exhaust holes (911) to be connected with the connecting rods (941).
  6. 6. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device according to claim 5, wherein the recovery mechanism (93) comprises a recovery ring groove (931) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder (91), the recovery ring groove (931) is obliquely arranged, and a gap exists between the inner side of the recovery ring groove (931) and the outer wall of the outer shell of the main shaft (8); a guide ring (932) fixedly connected to the outer shell of the main shaft (8) is arranged above the recovery ring groove (931), one half of the recovery ring groove (931) is covered by the outer side edge of the guide ring (932), and a gap exists between the outer side edge of the guide ring (932) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (91); the gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove (931) and the outer wall of the shell of the main shaft (8) is smaller than the gap between the outer side edge of the guide ring (932) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (91); The gap between the upper surface of the recovery ring groove (931) and the lower surface of the guide ring (932) is smaller than the gap between the inner side of the recovery ring groove (931) and the outer wall of the shell of the main shaft (8); the bottom of the recycling ring groove (931) is fixedly connected with a discharge outlet (933).
  7. 7. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device according to claim 6, wherein a magnetic ring (934) is fixedly connected inside the outer main body of the recovery ring groove (931); The inside of the recycling ring groove (931) is fixedly connected with a smooth layer.
  8. 8. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device of claim 6, wherein the plurality of guide plates (96) form a plurality of guide channels which are distributed in a spiral shape, and the guide channels avoid the recycling ring groove (931) and the guide ring (932); the tops of the plurality of diversion channels form merging channels which are in one-to-one correspondence with the exhaust holes (911).
  9. 9. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device of claim 5, wherein the ratio of the long end to the short end of the lever (942) is 10:1.
  10. 10. The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device according to claim 9, wherein the vertical clearance of the clearance between the inner wall of the inner ring (924) and the outer wall inclined surface of the cutter head (81) is smaller than 5mm.

Description

Multi-axis linkage numerical control machining equipment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of multi-axis machining centers, in particular to multi-axis linkage numerical control machining equipment. Background Along with the continuous development of the manufacturing industry in the intelligent and precise directions, the vertical machining center machine tool is used as core machining equipment and plays a key role in the machining of complex parts in the fields of aerospace, ship manufacturing, energy equipment and the like. The multi-axis linkage and automatic tool changing system can efficiently finish operations such as milling, drilling, tapping and the like, and the main shaft system is used as a core component for directly executing cutting tasks, and the thermal state characteristics of the main shaft system directly influence the machining precision, the surface quality and the service life of products. In the high-speed and high-precision machining of large shaft sleeve parts, if heat generated by long-time continuous operation of a main shaft cannot be dissipated in time, thermal deformation is caused, and the performance of a machine tool is seriously restricted. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN119635414a discloses a movable column type multi-axis linkage vertical machining center machine tool. The machine tool realizes X, Y, Z, A four-axis linkage through integrating multi-axis linkage components (such as a Z-axis transmission component 8, an X-axis transmission component 10, a cross sliding table 11, a Y-axis transmission component 12 and an A-axis rotary table 14) so as to meet the processing requirement of complex space curves. The tool magazine components (the first tool magazine 6 and the second tool magazine 7) are matched with the numerical control system 1, so that automatic tool changing is supported, and the machining automation degree is improved. However, this patent solution has significant drawbacks in terms of thermal management of the headstock 5. The headstock 5 is a critical power component that generates a lot of heat during high speed cutting, but no special spindle cooling or thermal compensation mechanism is involved in the patent description. Although the machine tool is provided with the totally-enclosed outer protective shell 3, the structure can play a role in preventing water and scraps, but can also obstruct the circulation of internal air, and aggravate the heat accumulation in the main shaft area. Aiming at the problems, a multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device is urgently needed. Disclosure of Invention Technical problem to be solved Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides multi-axis linkage numerical control machining equipment, which solves the problems that a machine tool of a machining center can generate a large amount of heat in the high-speed cutting process, and the machine tool is provided with a totally-enclosed outer protective shell. Technical proposal The multi-axis linkage numerical control machining device comprises a frame, an X axis, a Y axis, a Z axis, a C axis, a spindle box, a spraying assembly, a spindle and a cutter head, wherein the X axis and the Y axis are arranged on the frame, the Z axis is arranged on the X axis, the spindle box is arranged on the Z axis, the spindle is arranged on the spindle box, the cutter head is arranged at the bottom end of the spindle, the spraying assembly positioned at the periphery of the cutter head is arranged on the spindle box, the C axis is arranged on the Y axis, a workbench is arranged on the C axis, an auxiliary heat dissipation assembly fixed on the spindle box is sleeved at the periphery of a shell of the spindle, the auxiliary heat dissipation assembly comprises an outer cylinder fixed on the spindle box and used for enabling a gap for heat dissipation to be formed between the outer cylinder and the shell of the spindle, a blade mechanism is movably connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder and used for sucking air flow into the gap, a recovery mechanism is fixedly connected to the inner part of the outer cylinder, at least two thermosensitive assemblies are arranged at the position, close to a bearing, a thermosensitive assembly is arranged between the shell of the spindle and the blade mechanism and is used for being close to the outer wall of the cutter head through temperature change, an inclined plane of the blade mechanism, and a plurality of guide blades are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the blade guide plates on the outer cylinder by utilizing the blade mechanism. The blade mechanism further comprises an outer ring, the inner part of the outer ring is coaxially and rotatably connected with the outer ring, the inner part of the rotating ring is coaxially provided with an inner ring, a plurality of blades are fixedly connected between the rotating ring and the inner ring, the inner wall