CN-122008007-A - Polishing device for bearing machining and polishing method thereof

CN122008007ACN 122008007 ACN122008007 ACN 122008007ACN-122008007-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing processing, and discloses a polishing device and a polishing method for bearing processing, the device comprises a polishing table top, a polishing wheel, a first motor, a moving block, a rotary clamping assembly, a guide groove, a screw rod, a second motor, and a curved cooling water pipe and a nozzle which are integrated on the moving block. The method comprises the steps of calculating an energy coefficient and a temperature coefficient representing grinding heat generation and heat load in real time, calculating a dynamic matching degree and a direction sign of cooling supply and heat load based on the energy coefficient and the temperature coefficient and the cooling parameter, calculating a process stability coefficient based on acoustic emission and waviness signals, and finally integrating the energy coefficient and the basic pressure, and dynamically calculating and adjusting the target cooling liquid injection pressure through a preset model. The invention realizes real-time, accurate and self-adaptive matching of cooling supply and grinding heat load, and effectively improves the processing quality, stability and efficiency of bearing grinding.

Inventors

Yuan Pishi
Yuan Zhongxing
XIE SHAOSHUAI

Assignees

山东袁氏精密轴承制造有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260410

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a grinding device is used in bearing processing, includes the mesa of polishing to and the epaxial wheel of polishing of rotating through the support of polishing, install the motor one of being connected with the wheel of polishing on the support lateral wall, its characterized in that still includes: the movable block is provided with a rotary clamping assembly for driving the bearing to rotate; The guide groove is formed in the moving block, the moving block is connected in the guide groove in a sliding mode, a screw rod is connected to the moving block in a rotating mode, the screw rod penetrates through and is in threaded connection with the moving block, a second motor is mounted on the side wall of the moving block, and the rotating end of the second motor is connected with the screw rod; The movable block is fixedly provided with a curved cooling water pipe, one end of the curved cooling water pipe is fixedly provided with a nozzle, and the other end of the curved cooling water pipe is connected with a cooling water tank through a hose and a water pump.
2. The polishing device for bearing machining according to claim 1, wherein the rotary clamping assembly comprises a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate which are fixedly arranged at the top of the moving block, one side, close to the second supporting plate, of the first supporting plate is connected with a telescopic shaft in a telescopic manner, the other side of the first supporting plate is fixedly provided with a telescopic driving piece, the telescopic end of the telescopic driving piece is connected with one end of the telescopic shaft, and the other end of the telescopic shaft is rotationally connected with a conical clamping disc; one side of the second supporting plate, which is close to the first supporting plate, is rotationally connected with a driving boss, the other end of the second supporting plate is fixedly provided with a third motor, the rotating end of the third motor is connected with the driving boss, the conical clamping disc and the driving boss are used for clamping the bearing, and the third motor is used for driving the bearing to rotate.
3. The polishing method for the bearing processing is characterized by comprising the following steps of: calculating and obtaining an energy coefficient based on the grinding force, the material removal rate and the specific grinding energy; Calculating and obtaining a temperature coefficient based on the temperature of a workpiece grinding area; calculating and acquiring cooling supply-thermal load dynamic matching degree and direction sign based on the nozzle outlet flow and the nozzle-grinding point distance under the energy coefficient and the temperature coefficient; calculating and obtaining a stability coefficient based on the characteristic value of the acoustic emission signal and the characteristic value of the waviness spectrum; And calculating and acquiring target cooling liquid injection pressure based on the base pressure, the cooling supply-thermal load dynamic matching degree, the direction sign and the stability coefficient, and adjusting the current cooling liquid injection pressure to the target cooling liquid injection pressure.
4. The polishing method for bearing machining according to claim 3, wherein the step of calculating the target coolant injection pressure is: acquiring basic pressure, cooling supply-thermal load dynamic matching degree, direction sign and stability coefficient; Introducing base pressure, cooling supply-thermal load dynamic matching degree, direction sign and stability coefficient into a formula The method comprises the steps of obtaining, wherein, As a result of the basic pressure, The gain factor is adjusted for the pressure and, As a sign of the direction of the vehicle, To cool the feed-heat load dynamic match, Is a stability factor.
5. The polishing method for bearing machining according to claim 4, wherein the step of calculating the obtained stability factor is: acquiring a characteristic value and a waviness spectrum characteristic value of a current acoustic emission signal; Performing maximum-minimum normalization processing on the characteristic value of the current acoustic emission signal and the characteristic value of the waviness spectrum to obtain the characteristic index of the acoustic emission signal and the characteristic index of the waviness spectrum; And carrying out negative index transformation on the weighted sum of the acoustic emission signal characteristic index and the waviness spectrum characteristic index to obtain a stability coefficient, wherein the value range of the stability coefficient is between 0 and 1, and the larger the stability coefficient is, the more stable the processing process is.
6. The polishing method for bearing machining according to claim 4, wherein the step of calculating and obtaining a cooling supply-thermal load dynamic matching degree and a direction sign is: acquiring an energy coefficient, a temperature coefficient, nozzle outlet flow and nozzle-to-grinding point distance; Carrying out maximum-minimum normalization treatment on the current nozzle outlet flow and the distance from the nozzle to the grinding point, and obtaining a flow index and a distance index; the energy coefficient and the temperature coefficient are weighted and summed to obtain a thermal load comprehensive index, and the energy coefficient and the temperature coefficient are proportional to the thermal load comprehensive index; leading the heat load comprehensive index, the flow index and the distance index into a formula Obtaining a cooling supply-thermal load dynamic matching degree , , Larger means more balanced cooling supply and heat load demands, wherein, In order to obtain the comprehensive index of the heat load, As an index of the flow rate, Is a distance index; Substituting the heat load comprehensive index, the flow index and the distance index into a direction sign calculation function to obtain a direction sign, wherein the direction sign calculation function is used for determining a sign according to the difference value of the heat load comprehensive index, the flow index and the distance index, and taking a negative sign when the difference value is positive and negative and taking zero when the difference value is zero.
7. The polishing method for bearing machining according to claim 6, wherein the step of calculating the obtained energy coefficient is: Acquiring current grinding force, material removal rate and specific grinding energy; Carrying out maximum-minimum normalization treatment on the current grinding force, the material removal rate and the specific grinding energy to obtain a grinding force index, a material removal rate index and a specific grinding energy index; Substituting the grinding force index, the material removal rate index and the specific grinding energy index into an energy coefficient calculation function to obtain an energy coefficient, wherein the energy coefficient calculation function is a weighted sum of the grinding force index, the material removal rate index and the specific grinding energy index, the specific grinding energy index participates in calculation in a complementary mode, the value range of the energy coefficient is between 0 and 1, and the larger the energy coefficient is, the higher the energy state of the grinding process is, and the larger the cooling requirement is.
8. The polishing method for bearing machining according to claim 7, wherein the material removal rate and specific grinding energy are obtained by: Acquiring current grinding force, feeding speed and grinding power; after the product of the current grinding force and the feeding speed is processed, the material removal rate is obtained; and carrying out ratio processing on the current grinding power and the material removal rate to obtain specific grinding energy.
9. The polishing method for bearing machining according to claim 6, wherein the step of calculating the obtained temperature coefficient is: acquiring the temperature of a workpiece grinding area; Substituting the temperature of the workpiece grinding area into a temperature coefficient calculation function to obtain a temperature coefficient, wherein the temperature coefficient calculation function is used for calculating the temperature coefficient in a segmented mode based on the relation between the temperature of the workpiece grinding area, the preset optimal processing temperature and the highest safe temperature, and the temperature coefficient is 0 when the temperature does not exceed the optimal processing temperature; When the temperature exceeds the optimal processing temperature but does not exceed the highest safe temperature, the temperature coefficient is calculated by an exponential function, the exponential portion of which is the square of the normalized deviation of the temperature with respect to the optimal processing temperature; when the temperature exceeds the highest safe temperature, the temperature coefficient is 1, the range of the temperature coefficient is between 0 and 1, and the larger the temperature coefficient is, the higher the heat load is, and the larger the cooling requirement is.

Description

Polishing device for bearing machining and polishing method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing machining, and particularly relates to a polishing device and a polishing method for bearing machining. Background The bearing is used as a core basic component in a mechanical transmission system, and the machining precision of the bearing directly determines the running stability, the noise control level and the whole service life of equipment. In the bearing manufacturing process, the grinding process is a key link for ensuring that the dimensional tolerance and the surface quality of the inner ring and the outer ring reach the standards, and the process realizes material removal through the relative motion of the grinding wheel and the workpiece, but simultaneously generates a large amount of grinding heat. The traditional bearing grinding device generally adopts a fixed cooling system or a simple mechanical reciprocating structure, and the cooling liquid is sprayed at a preset constant pressure and flow, so that the cooling parameters cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time grinding state. The static cooling mode causes multiple problems in practical application, namely, when coarse grinding or high-load grinding is carried out, the grinding force is obviously increased, the material removal rate is increased, the heat load is rapidly increased, if the cooling supply is insufficient, the temperature of a grinding area rapidly exceeds a critical value, burn marks, irreversible transformation and even micro cracks are generated on the surface of a workpiece, the defects seriously weaken the fatigue strength and long-term operation reliability of a bearing, and in the fine grinding or low-load stage, the heat load is lower, excessive cooling liquid not only causes resource waste, but also can interfere the contact stability of a grinding wheel and the workpiece due to liquid flow impact, the abnormal increase of surface waviness is induced, and further the machining precision and surface integrity are reduced. In recent years, partial researches try to regulate a cooling system by monitoring single parameters such as grinding temperature or motor power, but the methods have obvious defects that firstly, only independent data such as temperature signals and the like are relied on, the coupling relation between grinding energy input, material removal dynamics and thermal load evolution cannot be comprehensively analyzed, secondly, systematic modeling of the influences of parameters such as cooling liquid injection flow, nozzle position and grinding point distance and the like is lacked, so that a regulation strategy is lacked scientific basis, and furthermore, real-time process state information such as acoustic emission signal characteristics, surface waviness frequency spectrum and the like is not effectively integrated to evaluate processing stability, so that cooling regulation response is delayed or excessive regulation occurs, and continuous stability and quality consistency of a grinding process are difficult to maintain. Therefore, the prior art is difficult to realize the accurate dynamic matching of cooling supply and grinding heat load, and severely restricts the quality improvement of the precise grinding of the bearing. In view of the above, there is a need in the art for improvements. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a polishing device for bearing machining and a polishing method thereof, and aims to solve the problems. The invention discloses a polishing device for bearing processing, which comprises a polishing table top, a polishing wheel and a moving block, wherein the polishing wheel is rotationally connected on the polishing table top through a support, a first motor connected with the polishing wheel is installed on the side wall of the support, the moving block is provided with a rotary clamping assembly for driving a bearing to rotate, the moving block is provided with a guide groove and is slidingly connected in the guide groove, the moving block is rotationally connected with a screw rod, the screw rod penetrates through and is in threaded connection with the moving block, a second motor is installed on the side wall of the moving block, the rotating end of the second motor is connected with the screw rod, a curved cooling water pipe is fixedly arranged on one end of the curved cooling water pipe, and the other end of the curved cooling water pipe is connected with a cooling water tank through a hose and a water pump. According to a further technical scheme, the rotary clamping assembly comprises a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate which are fixedly arranged at the top of the moving block, one side, close to the second supporting plate, of the first supporting plate is connected with a telescopic shaft in a telescopic mode, a telescopic driving piece is fixedly arranged