CN-122008087-A - Ultrasonic shot blasting control method for inner cavity of high-temperature alloy low-vortex disc of aero-engine

CN122008087ACN 122008087 ACN122008087 ACN 122008087ACN-122008087-A

Abstract

The application discloses an ultrasonic shot blasting control method for an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy low-vortex disk of an aeroengine, and relates to the field of ultrasonic shot blasting; dividing the inner cavity into a plurality of to-be-machined subareas based on the curvature characteristic and the geometric characteristic, carrying out shot blasting process parameter matching on each to-be-machined subarea according to the curvature characteristic, the geometric characteristic and the material characteristic of the to-be-machined inner cavity to obtain a target shot blasting process parameter corresponding to each to-be-machined subarea, and controlling a machining system to adjust the ultrasonic amplitude, the part rotating speed and the shot blasting time of the subarea in real time according to the target shot blasting process parameter corresponding to each to-be-machined subarea. The method can realize unified reinforced control strategy of the complex structure of the inner cavity, and has higher universality and engineering application value.

Inventors

CAI JIN
ZHANG ZHEMING
WANG TAO

Assignees

苏州蜂彩航空科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260324

Claims (9)

1. An ultrasonic shot blasting control method for an inner cavity of a low-vortex disc of a high-temperature alloy of an aeroengine is characterized by comprising the following steps: Based on a CAD model or scanning point cloud of an inner cavity to be processed, obtaining curvature characteristics and geometric characteristics; dividing the inner cavity into a plurality of to-be-processed partitions based on the curvature features and the geometric features; Performing shot blasting process parameter matching on each to-be-processed partition according to the curvature characteristic, the geometric characteristic and the material characteristic of the to-be-processed inner cavity to obtain a target shot blasting process parameter corresponding to each to-be-processed partition; and controlling a processing system to adjust the ultrasonic amplitude, the part rotating speed and the shot blasting time of the subareas in real time according to the target shot blasting process parameters corresponding to each subarea to be processed.
2. The method of ultrasonic peening control of an aircraft engine superalloy low vortex disk inner cavity according to claim 1, wherein said dividing an inner cavity into a plurality of to-be-machined partitions based on said curvature features and said geometric features comprises: calculating the main curvature and the secondary curvature of each sampling point of the inner cavity based on the curvature characteristics, and constructing a curvature field; dividing the inner cavity into different curvature grade intervals according to the amplitude distribution of the curvature field; Performing region clustering based on curvature gradient consistency of the level intervals to form preliminary partitions taking curvature abrupt lines as boundaries; and correcting the boundary of the preliminary partition by combining the geometric features and checking shot blasting accessibility to generate the final partition to be processed.
3. The ultrasonic peening control method of an aircraft engine superalloy low vortex disk cavity according to claim 1, wherein the performing peening process parameter matching on each of the to-be-machined partitions according to the curvature characteristic, the geometric characteristic and the material characteristic of the to-be-machined cavity to obtain target peening process parameters corresponding to each of the to-be-machined partitions comprises: Encoding the curvature features, the geometry features, and the material features into high-dimensional feature vectors and mapping to a low-dimensional embedding space; calculating the embedding similarity between the target partition and the database sample, and screening a similar sample set according to the embedding similarity; calculating an energy attenuation coefficient based on the material characteristics, compensating and correcting shot blasting energy parameters in the similar sample set, and normalizing the corrected shot blasting energy parameters to form an energy characteristic weight set corresponding to the embedded similarity; and performing double-layer weighted fusion according to the embedded similarity set and the energy characteristic weight set to generate target shot blasting process parameters of the partition.
4. The method for ultrasonic shot-peening control of a low-vortex disk inner cavity of an aeroengine superalloy according to claim 3, wherein said calculating an embedding similarity of said target partition and database samples and screening a set of similar samples according to said embedding similarity comprises: Performing the same embedding mapping operation on the high-dimensional feature vector of the target partition and the high-dimensional feature vector of the database sample to obtain a corresponding low-dimensional embedding vector; Calculating the inverse of the mahalanobis distance between the target partition embedded vector and each database sample embedded vector to obtain embedded similarity distribution; selecting samples with similarity higher than a set threshold value based on the embedded similarity distribution to form an initial sample set; And performing secondary screening on the initial sample set according to the consistency of curvature difference and geometric proportion so as to generate the similar sample set.
5. The ultrasonic shot-peening control method of aeroengine superalloy low vortex disk cavity according to claim 3, wherein calculating an energy attenuation coefficient based on the material characteristics, compensating and correcting shot-peening energy parameters in the similar sample set, and normalizing the corrected shot-peening energy parameters to form an energy characteristic weight set corresponding to the embedding similarity, comprises: Calculating a corresponding acoustic impedance ratio according to the difference of the acoustic characteristics of the material characteristics of the target partition material and the material characteristics of each reference sample material; determining energy attenuation coefficients of all reference samples according to the acoustic impedance ratio, and compensating and correcting shot blasting energy parameters in the similar sample set by using the energy attenuation coefficients to obtain a corrected shot blasting energy parameter set; Normalizing the corrected shot blasting energy parameter set; And establishing a corresponding relation between the normalized shot blasting energy parameters and the embedding similarity to form an energy characteristic weight set for shot blasting process parameter fusion.
6. The method of controlling ultrasonic peening for a low vortex disk cavity of an aeroengine according to claim 3, wherein said performing a double-layer weighted fusion according to said set of embedded similarities and said set of energy feature weights to generate said zoned target peening process parameters comprises: extracting a corresponding embedded similarity value and an energy characteristic weight value for each sample in the similar sample set, and establishing a sample characteristic mapping table; performing a first layer of weighted computation based on the embedded similarity set to determine a base weight of contribution of each similar sample to the peening parameters; Based on the first layer weight calculation result, executing second layer weight calculation by combining the energy characteristic weight set so as to carry out differential correction on response characteristics of different materials; performing aggregation treatment on the shot blasting parameters weighted by the second layer to generate an intermediate parameter set comprising ultrasonic amplitude, shot impact speed, shot impact force and shot blasting time; and smoothing and normalizing the intermediate parameter set to obtain a target shot blasting process parameter matched with the morphology and the material characteristics of the target partition.
7. The method for ultrasonic shot-peening control of a low vortex disk cavity of an aeroengine high temperature alloy according to claim 3, wherein said method for obtaining database samples comprises the steps of: respectively carrying out ultrasonic shot blasting experiments on inner cavity test pieces of various materials, different curvatures and various geometric structures, and acquiring experimental acquisition data comprising shot blasting energy parameters, surface residual stress distribution, surface roughness and morphology profile change data of each test piece; cleaning and normalizing the experimental acquisition data, removing abnormal samples and unifying parameter scales to obtain normalized experimental data; the normalized experimental data is subjected to feature extraction and coding according to curvature features, geometric features and material features to form corresponding high-dimensional feature vectors; establishing association between the high-dimensional feature vector and corresponding shot blasting process parameters, surface response results and energy distribution information to form a complete sample record; and the sample records are stored in an index mode according to the characteristic dimension, and a shot blasting experiment database for parameter matching is constructed.
8. The method of ultrasonic peening control of a high temperature alloy low vortex disk inner cavity of an aircraft engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising: Acquiring surface detection data of the processing system after shot blasting is completed, wherein the surface detection data comprises residual stress distribution, surface roughness and morphology change information; Comparing the indication detection data with the target shot blasting process parameters, and calculating shot blasting effect deviation indexes; And when the deviation index exceeds a preset range, updating the sample weight of the shot blasting experiment database based on the history matching sample and the deviation direction.
9. The ultrasonic shot-peening control method for the inner cavity of the low vortex disk of the high-temperature alloy of the aeroengine according to claim 1, wherein the control processing system for adjusting the ultrasonic amplitude, the part rotating speed and the shot-peening time of the subarea in real time according to the target shot-peening process parameters corresponding to each subarea to be processed comprises the following steps: Monitoring signals of the shot blasting area in real time in the processing process, wherein the monitoring signals comprise sound field intensity, particle density and amplitude response signals; Dynamically adjusting ultrasonic driving power and rotating speed control quantity based on the deviation of the monitoring signal and the target shot blasting process parameter; Locking the current control parameters and entering a steady-state processing mode when the deviation is kept within a set threshold value in a plurality of continuous sampling periods; When a deviation exceeding the threshold is detected, a rapid correction command is triggered to restore the target peen energy distribution.

Description

Ultrasonic shot blasting control method for inner cavity of high-temperature alloy low-vortex disc of aero-engine Technical Field The specification relates to the field of ultrasonic shot blasting, in particular to an ultrasonic shot blasting control method for an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy low-vortex disc of an aeroengine. Background The inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy low-vortex disc of the aero-engine is generally subjected to inner cavity surface strengthening by adopting a traditional pneumatic shot blasting or mechanical shot blasting mode. The method mainly depends on fixed injection pressure and set shot blasting time, and a residual compressive stress layer is formed by impacting the surface of a workpiece through high-speed shots so as to improve the fatigue strength and the stress corrosion resistance of the part. However, for the inner cavity with complex structure and obvious curvature change, the conventional shot blasting method has the obvious defects that firstly, the fixed parameter shot blasting cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the energy distribution difference of different curvature areas, so that the shot blasting energy in a high curvature area is over-concentrated, the energy in a gentle area is insufficient, and the strengthening non-uniformity or local overspray phenomenon is generated. Secondly, shot peening process parameters are typically set empirically, and lack of systematic modeling of material properties, acoustic properties, and geometric features results in poor consistency of shot peening effects between different part batches. Third, the conventional shot blasting process lacks a real-time monitoring and closed-loop control mechanism, so that shot blasting power or angle cannot be corrected in time when the processing environment or the sound field state fluctuates, and problems of fluctuation of the strengthening layer thickness, unbalance of residual stress distribution and the like are easily caused. In particular, in an inner cavity with a multistage groove and a thickening transition structure, an energy transmission path is complex, shot blasting accessibility is poor, the problems are more remarkable, and the service life and fatigue reliability of parts are seriously affected. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an ultrasonic shot-peening control method for a high-temperature alloy low-vortex disk inner cavity of an aeroengine so as to solve at least part of the problems. Disclosure of Invention In the summary, a series of concepts in a simplified form are introduced, which will be further described in detail in the detailed description. The summary of the application is not intended to define the key features and essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. The invention provides an ultrasonic shot blasting control method for an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy low-vortex disc of an aeroengine, which comprises the following steps: Based on a CAD model or scanning point cloud of an inner cavity to be processed, obtaining curvature characteristics and geometric characteristics; Dividing the inner cavity into a plurality of to-be-processed subareas based on the curvature characteristic and the geometric characteristic; carrying out shot blasting process parameter matching on each to-be-processed partition according to the curvature characteristic, the geometric characteristic and the material characteristic of the to-be-processed inner cavity so as to obtain a target shot blasting process parameter corresponding to each to-be-processed partition; And controlling a processing system to adjust the ultrasonic amplitude, the part rotating speed and the shot blasting time of the subareas in real time according to the target shot blasting process parameters corresponding to each subarea to be processed. In a possible embodiment, the dividing the inner cavity into a plurality of to-be-processed areas based on the curvature characteristic and the geometric characteristic includes: Calculating the main curvature and the secondary curvature of each sampling point of the inner cavity based on the curvature characteristics, and constructing a curvature field; dividing the inner cavity into different curvature grade intervals according to the amplitude distribution of the curvature field; performing region clustering based on curvature gradient consistency of the level intervals to form a preliminary partition taking curvature abrupt lines as boundaries; And correcting the boundary of the preliminary partition by combining the geometric features and checking shot blasting accessibility to generate the final partition to be processed. In a possible implementation manner, the performing shot peening process parameter matching on each to-be-machined partition according to the curvature feature, the geometric feature and the material fea