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CN-122008166-A - Solid artificial muscle made of ionic liquid gel carbon material, preparation method and application thereof

CN122008166ACN 122008166 ACN122008166 ACN 122008166ACN-122008166-A

Abstract

The invention provides an ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle, a preparation method and application thereof. The artificial muscle comprises a working electrode, a first gel film and a counter electrode, wherein the working electrode is carbon material fiber with twist, the first gel film is wound in multiple layers by taking the working electrode as an axis to form a first winding body, and at least a plurality of layers of first gel films are arranged between the counter electrode and the working electrode at intervals. The ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle provided by the invention can stably work in the air for a long time without a sealing cavity, remarkably improves the environmental adaptability and the cycle life, has the characteristics of inward pressure and interlayer buffer axial stress by coating a spiral working electrode and a counter electrode in a spiral sleeve mode, reduces the radial and shearing constraints of a spiral structure of the working electrode, realizes larger linear displacement output and higher driving efficiency in a wider voltage and temperature range, and can also provide excellent long-cycle performance.

Inventors

  • WANG XIAONA
  • WANG JIAXI
  • DI JIANGTAO

Assignees

  • 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260209

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle with long cycle life and large driving deformation is characterized by comprising a working electrode, a first gel film and a counter electrode; the working electrode is carbon material fiber with twist, the first gel film is provided with a solid polymer network and ionic liquid distributed in the solid polymer network, the first gel film is wound in a plurality of layers by taking the working electrode as an axis to form a first winding body, the counter electrode is arranged in or around the first winding body, current can be conducted between the counter electrode and the working electrode, and at least a plurality of layers of the first gel film are arranged at intervals.
  2. 2. The ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle according to claim 1, wherein the material of the carbon material fiber comprises any one or a combination of more than two of carbon fiber, carbon nanotube and graphite; And/or the monomers of the solid polymer network comprise polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate and small-molecule acrylic ester, wherein the small-molecule acrylic ester comprises any one or more than two of benzyl acrylate, phenethyl acrylate, benzyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate; And/or the ionic liquid comprises any one or more than two of [ EMim ] [ TFSI ], [ BMim ] [ TFSI ], [ HMIm ] [ TFSI ], [ EMim ] [ BF 4 ]、[BMIm][BF 4 ], [ EMim ] [ DCA ].
  3. 3. The ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the ionic liquid in the first gel film is 50-80 wt.%; And/or the thickness of the first gel film is 50-200 mu m.
  4. 4. The ionic liquid gel carbon material solid state artificial muscle as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a second roll comprising a second gel film wound around the counter electrode, the second gel film being in contact with or adhered to the first gel film.
  5. 5. The ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle as claimed in claim 1, wherein in a radial direction, the first gel film is divided into a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being close to the working electrode, the second portion being far from the working electrode; the elastic modulus of the first part is lower than that of the second part, and the concentration of the ionic liquid is higher than that of the second part.
  6. 6. The ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first gel film is in a narrow strip shape, spirally surrounds the working electrode, and has a space between axially adjacent turns.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the solid artificial muscle of the ionic liquid gel carbon material as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: providing a working electrode, a first gel film and a counter electrode; wrapping the working electrode by winding the first gel film by taking the working electrode as an axis to form a first winding body; providing the counter electrode in or around the first winding body so as to enable current to be conducted between the counter electrode and the working electrode, and at least a plurality of layers of the first gel film being spaced apart; and curing the adhesive between the multiple layers of the first gel film in the first winding body.
  8. 8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: twisting carbon material fibers to form helical fibers; And (3) carrying out electrochemical drafting treatment on the spiral fibers in the ionic liquid so as to enable the screw pitch of the spiral fibers to be unfolded, and thus obtaining the working electrode.
  9. 9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the second gel film is wrapped around the counter electrode to form a second winding body, and the second winding body and the first winding body are bonded or physically pressed to obtain the ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle; And/or forming the first gel film with the film surface divided into a first part and a second part in a bonding, splicing or gradient preparation mode, wherein the elastic modulus of the first part is lower than that of the second part, the concentration of the ionic liquid is higher than that of the second part, and the first gel film is wrapped on the working electrode from the first part.
  10. 10. Use of an ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle according to any one of claims 1-6 in a soft robot or a wearable device.

Description

Solid artificial muscle made of ionic liquid gel carbon material, preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial muscles, and particularly relates to an ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Artificial muscle fibers are an intelligent material system capable of converting external energy into reversible volume deformation, and especially, an artificial muscle based on an electrochemical driven Carbon Nanotube (CNT) yarn is considered as one of the most promising systems due to low driving voltage, high energy conversion efficiency and easy integration with fiber and fabric systems. By immersing the highly twisted CNT yarn in liquid electrolyte or gel electrolyte, the charge and discharge of ions in the electric double layer of the electrode/electrolyte interface in the driving process can cause the volume change of the electrode, so that the driving behavior of linear shrinkage or torsion-shrinkage coupling is realized, the shrinkage strain of the single yarn can exceed 10%, and the energy conversion efficiency is obviously improved compared with that of the traditional high polymer artificial muscle. However, early systems relied on aqueous or volatile organic electrolytes, which had the outstanding problems of volatile electrolytes, short working life, and difficulty in long-term stable operation in air, greatly limiting their utility in soft robots and wearable devices. To improve the leakage and volatilization problems associated with liquid electrolytes, researchers began to introduce gel electrolytes to construct quasi-solid artificial muscles. For example, chu et al constructed quasi-solid monopole (unipolar) fiber artificial muscle working in an air environment by introducing a negative poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and a positive polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (PDADMAC) polyelectrolyte coating on two CNT yarns, respectively, and cooperating with a 0.1M LiCl hydrogel electrolyte, achieved a linear contraction stroke of about 3.9% with only 1V drive, and successfully integrated into the fabric to achieve textile artificial muscle. Ananieva et al propose a bio-friendly eutectic gel based on glycerol/choline chloride deep eutectic solvent, which is embedded in a cross-linkable ionic monomer co-network, achieving solid state monopolar shrinkage of about 2.4% for linear shrinkage at 1V, 60s cycles, and still maintaining about 0.8% shrinkage at higher frequencies. Meanwhile, the Ling et al construct Electrochromic Artificial Muscle (EAM) capable of working in air by assembling the V 2O5 nanowire with the CNT yarn and matching with [ BMim ] [ BF 4 ]/PC/PMMA ionic liquid gel electrolyte, the single fiber can realize about 12% of contraction stroke in air under the drive of +/-4V, and the single fiber presents yellow-green-gray multi-level color change, the reflectivity contrast is up to about 51%, the integrated output of electrochromic and mechanical drive is realized, and the foundation is laid for the application of the ionic liquid gel electrolyte in the directions of wearable intelligent spinning, bionic grabbing and the like. Although the above studies show great potential of gel-state artificial muscles, gel electrolytes have shortcomings in terms of improving air stability and driving performance, but there are still disadvantages in terms of shrinkage and cycle life in that spiral CNT-coated gel electrolytes prevent free deformation of spiral structures, improve structural rigidity, cause reversible deformation of driving units to be compressed, thus driving output to be small, and simultaneously cause cracking or peeling of coatings due to stress problems, affecting life. The liquid electrolyte or the aqueous/organic gel electrolyte is used, the electrolyte environment is required to be maintained by relying on a sealed cavity, and the problems of electrolyte leakage, volatilization or drying easily occur in long-term working, so that the driving performance is attenuated, the service life is shortened, and potential safety hazards such as corrosion, pollution and the like are brought. Disclosure of Invention The invention mainly aims to provide an ionic liquid gel carbon material solid artificial muscle, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an ionic liquid gel carbon material solid-state artificial muscle having a long cycle life and large driving deformation, comprising a working electrode, a first gel film and a counter electrode; the working electrode is carbon material fiber with twist, the first gel film is provided with a solid polymer network and ionic liquid distributed in the solid polymer network, the first gel film is wou