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CN-122008384-A - Extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers

CN122008384ACN 122008384 ACN122008384 ACN 122008384ACN-122008384-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of concrete printing, and discloses an extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers. The concrete pipeline is respectively communicated with the first side nozzle, the second side nozzle and the middle swinging nozzle. The building width adjusting mechanism synchronously adjusts the distance between the spray heads at two sides of the wire drawing rod, the path synchronizing mechanism converts printing advancing displacement into rotary input through the land wheel assembly, the counterweight transmission box and the polygonal transmission rod, the wide width adjusting mechanism drives the middle swing spray head to reciprocate through the screw rod, the second threaded driving block, the reciprocating driving assembly, the dynamic meshing block and the spring reversing structure, and the middle sliding block is driven to synchronously translate through the sleeve block during width adjustment, so that the edge material belt and the interlayer interlocking material belt are synchronously formed. The nozzle has the interlayer interlocking forming capability and mechanical transmission reliability under different wall width working conditions.

Inventors

  • CHENG YINGYAO
  • YUAN YUXIANG
  • HU WENTAO
  • WU MEIQIN
  • YOU XINZHE
  • Zha Bentong
  • WEN ZIMO
  • Wan Luocan
  • CHEN XIAOMEI

Assignees

  • 华东交通大学
  • 陈小梅

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260408

Claims (8)

  1. 1. An extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers is characterized by comprising a path synchronization mechanism (200), a concrete pipeline (300), a supporting frame (400), a building width adjustment mechanism (500) and a reinforcing rib adaptability wide width adjustment mechanism (600); The concrete pipeline (300) is respectively communicated with the first side nozzle (310), the second side nozzle (320) and the middle swing nozzle (330); A first side slider (410), a middle slider (420) and a second side slider (430) are movably arranged in the supporting frame (400), the first side nozzle (310), the middle swing nozzle (330) and the second side nozzle (320) are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the first side slider (410), the middle slider (420) and the second side slider (430), and the middle slider (420) is positioned between the first side slider (410) and the second side slider (430); The building width adjusting mechanism (500) is arranged on one side of the supporting frame (400), the building width adjusting mechanism (500) comprises a pair of wire drawing rods (520) which are arranged in the supporting frame (400) and provided with opposite threads on two sides, the first side sliding blocks (410) and the second side sliding blocks (430) are respectively sleeved on the opposite threads on two sides of the pair of wire drawing rods (520) through first thread driving blocks (411) and third thread driving blocks (431) in a threaded manner, so that the first side sliding blocks (410) and the second side sliding blocks (430) are driven to be synchronously close to or far away from each other when the pair of wire drawing rods (520) rotate, and the distance between the first side spray heads (310) and the second side spray heads (320) is synchronously adjusted; The path synchronization mechanism (200) comprises a land wheel assembly (210), a counterweight transmission box (212), a polygonal transmission rod (220) and a reciprocating driving assembly (240), wherein the land wheel assembly (210) is used for acquiring a rotation input corresponding to printing travelling displacement when the extrusion nozzle moves along a construction path along with printing equipment, and outputting the rotation input to the polygonal transmission rod (220) through the counterweight transmission box (212), and the reciprocating driving assembly (240) is in transmission connection with the polygonal transmission rod (220); The reinforcing rib adaptability wide-width adjusting mechanism (600) comprises a second shell (610) and a screw (630) arranged in the second shell (610), a second thread driving block (422) is arranged at the end part of the middle sliding block (420), the second thread driving block (422) is sleeved on the screw (630) in a threaded manner, a sleeve block (421) is arranged at one end, far away from the second thread driving block (422), of the middle sliding block (420), the sleeve block (421) is clamped in the building width adjusting mechanism (500) in a horizontal moving manner and is not contacted with the wire-drawing pair rod (520), so that the middle sliding block (420) synchronously translates along with the position change of the first side sliding block (410) and the second side sliding block (430) and is kept in an updated middle working section during building width adjustment; The reciprocating driving assembly (240) comprises a driving assembly input shaft (241), a driving bevel gear (242), a first direction bevel gear (243) and a second direction bevel gear (244), wherein the driving assembly input shaft (241) is sleeved on the polygonal transmission rod (220), the driving bevel gear (242) is connected to the driving assembly input shaft (241) through a reversing transmission mechanism in a transmission way, the first direction bevel gear (243) and the second direction bevel gear (244) are coaxially and oppositely arranged and are meshed with the driving bevel gear (242), channels for the screw (630) to axially move are formed in the first direction bevel gear (243) and the second direction bevel gear (244), a dynamic meshing block (640) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the screw (630), and the dynamic meshing block (640) can be meshed with the first direction bevel gear (243) or the second direction bevel gear (244) along with the axial movement of the screw (630) so as to enable the screw (630) to be positively rotated or reversely rotated; A first spring (412) and a second spring (432) are respectively arranged on the side walls of the first screw driving block (411) and the third screw driving block (431) which are close to each other, and the second screw driving block (422) can be contacted with and compressed by the first spring (412) or the second spring (432) when moving to the corresponding stroke end along with the middle sliding block (420), so as to push the screw (630) to axially move and drive the dynamic meshing block (640) to switch the meshing position through spring thrust; Wherein the first edge head (310) and the second edge head (320) are configured to output an edge tape extending in a printing traveling direction, and the intermediate swing head (330) is configured to output an inter-layer interlocking tape formed by reciprocal swing therebetween.
  2. 2. Extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers according to claim 1, characterized in that the land wheel assembly (210) is provided with two rotating wheels (211), the two rotating wheels (211) are connected by a power shaft, the power shaft is in driving connection with the counterweight transmission case (212), and a transmission case output end (213) of the counterweight transmission case (212) is connected with the polygonal transmission rod (220).
  3. 3. The extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers according to claim 1, wherein a supporting sleeve frame (230) is sleeved on the outer wall of the concrete pipeline (300), the polygonal transmission rod (220) rotatably penetrates through the supporting sleeve frame (230) through a supporting bearing sleeve (231), and the reciprocating driving assembly (240) is fixedly arranged at the edge of the supporting frame (400).
  4. 4. Extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers according to claim 1, characterized in that the first direction bevel gear (243) and the second direction bevel gear (244) continue to rotate with the drive bevel gear (242) and respectively output rotational driving forces in opposite directions to the screw (630).
  5. 5. The extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers according to claim 1, wherein the building width adjusting mechanism (500) further comprises a first housing (510) and an adjusting block (530) provided at an end of the pair of wiredrawing bars (520), and the first side slider (410) and the second side slider (430) perform mirror-image synchronous width adjusting motions when an external tool rotates the adjusting block (530).
  6. 6. The extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers according to claim 1, wherein a positioning component (620) is arranged on the outer wall of the second casing (610), the positioning component (620) comprises an elastic sheet (621) and a ball seat (622) arranged on an elastic telescopic end of the elastic sheet (621), two adjacent annular clamping grooves (623) are arranged on the screw (630) at positions corresponding to the ball seat (622), and the ball seat (622) can be clamped into any annular clamping groove (623) along with axial movement of the screw (630) so as to position and maintain the axial position of the screw (630) after axial switching is completed.
  7. 7. Extrusion nozzle for 3D printed inter-concrete layer interlocking shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that the engagement interface between the dynamic engagement block (640) and the first direction bevel gear (243) and the second direction bevel gear (244) is a spline-like engagement interface or a key-tooth-like engagement interface.
  8. 8. Extrusion nozzle for 3D printed inter-concrete layer interlocking formation according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete pipe (300) is internally provided with flow equalizing structures for distributing the incoming concrete flow to the first side nozzle (310), the second side nozzle (320) and the intermediate swing nozzle (330).

Description

Extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of concrete printing, in particular to an extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers. Background Along with the development of the 3D printing technology of the building, the building structures such as the wall body and the like are formed by stacking concrete materials layer by layer, so that the method has become an important implementation mode in the industrial construction of the building. Existing concrete 3D printing devices typically continuously extrude material along a predetermined path through a spray head to form wall edges or filling structures. However, in the prior art, the side linear discharging and the middle swinging discharging are usually difficult to be realized in the same nozzle body in a centralized manner, so that the two side material and the middle interlocking material cannot always finish extrusion molding synchronously in a single printing process, and further, a reinforcing process or an additional molding step is required to be additionally arranged, so that the construction complexity is increased, and the consistency of interlayer molding is also not facilitated. Therefore, how to provide an extrusion nozzle capable of concentrating the linear discharging of the side portions and the swinging discharging of the middle portion in the same nozzle body and synchronously completing extrusion molding of the two side portions and the interlocking material of the middle portion in a single printing process is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Disclosure of Invention The embodiment of the application provides an extrusion nozzle for interlocking forming among 3D printed concrete layers, which mainly aims to realize that side linear discharging and middle swinging discharging are concentrated in the same nozzle body through path synchronous power taking, side synchronous width adjustment and self-adaptive reciprocating matching of a middle swinging nozzle, and synchronously finish extrusion forming of two side materials and middle interlocking materials in a single printing process. In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the application provides an extrusion nozzle for interlocking formation between 3D printed concrete layers, which comprises a path synchronization mechanism, a concrete pipeline, a support frame, a building width adjustment mechanism and a reinforcing rib adaptability wide adjustment mechanism; the concrete pipeline is respectively communicated with the first side nozzle, the second side nozzle and the middle swing nozzle; The support frame is internally and movably provided with a first side sliding block, a middle sliding block and a second side sliding block, the first side spray head, the second side spray head and the middle swing spray head are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the corresponding sliding blocks, and the middle sliding block is positioned between the first side sliding block and the second side sliding block; The building width adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the supporting frame and comprises a pair of wire drawing rods with two opposite threads, the first side sliding blocks and the second side sliding blocks are respectively connected to the opposite threads on two sides of the pair of wire drawing rods in a threaded manner through a first thread driving block and a third thread driving block so as to synchronously get close to or away from each other when the pair of wire drawing rods rotate, and therefore the distance between the first side spray heads and the second side spray heads is changed; The path synchronization mechanism comprises a land wheel assembly, a counterweight transmission box, a polygonal transmission rod and a reciprocating driving assembly, wherein the path synchronization mechanism is used for converting printing advancing displacement of an extrusion nozzle along a construction path into rotary input, the reinforcing rib adaptive wide-width adjusting mechanism comprises a second shell and a screw rod, the middle sliding block is sleeved on the screw rod through a second threaded driving block in a threaded mode, the middle sliding block is further provided with a sleeve block which is horizontally moved and clamped in the building width adjusting mechanism, so that the middle sliding block synchronously translates along with the position change of a first side sliding block and a second side sliding block and is kept in an updated middle working area during building width adjustment, and the reciprocating driving assembly is in transmission connection with the polygonal transmission rod and drives the screw rod to positively rotate or reversely rotate through a driving bevel gear, a first direction bevel gear, a second direction bevel gear, a dynamic meshing block and a sp