Search

CN-122008450-A - Continuous cascade microwave treatment device for organic-inorganic composite material

CN122008450ACN 122008450 ACN122008450 ACN 122008450ACN-122008450-A

Abstract

The invention provides a continuous cascade microwave treatment device for an organic-inorganic composite material, which comprises a feeding device, a furnace body reaction device, a discharging device, a gas circuit device and a monitoring control device. The feeding device adopts a pneumatic hammering structure to realize continuous and controllable feeding of materials, a furnace body reaction device adopts a mode of combining multisource microwave sectional heating and rake stirring to realize efficient and uniform pyrolysis of the materials, a lifting mechanism is used for adjusting the inclination angle of a furnace body to accurately control the advancing speed and the reaction time of the materials, a gas path device is used for realizing energy circulation and temperature self-maintenance inside and outside the furnace through carbon residue oxidation and smoke gas circulation processes, the energy consumption of the device is obviously reduced, the carbon capturing efficiency is improved, and a monitoring control device is used for integrating temperature, flow, pressure and oxygen concentration monitoring and is provided with a pyrolysis gas combustion device. The equipment directly processes large-size blocky materials with the size of 2-20 cm, has operation safety and recycling economy, and is suitable for recycling of composite materials such as wind power blades.

Inventors

  • WANG LEI
  • REN LEI
  • ZHOU YIROU
  • YAN JIANHUA

Assignees

  • 浙江大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260414

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A continuous cascade microwave treatment device for organic and inorganic composite materials is characterized by comprising a furnace body reaction device, a feeding device, a discharging device, a supporting inclined driving device and an air channel device, wherein the feeding device is connected with the furnace body reaction device, the supporting inclined driving device is positioned at one side, close to the feeding device, of the bottom of the furnace body reaction device, the air channel device is arranged on the furnace body reaction device, the furnace body reaction device comprises a furnace body, a protruding cavity positioned on the upper surface of the furnace body, a stirring rod positioned in the furnace body and fixed on the central axis of the furnace body, and a microwave source window is arranged in the protruding cavity, the supporting inclined driving device comprises a furnace body support frame arranged below the furnace body, a lifting column and a lifter, the lifting column is fixedly connected with the surface of the furnace body support frame, the lifter is positioned near the front section of the furnace body, the air channel device comprises a nitrogen inlet arranged on the rear end wall of the furnace body and near the middle and rear section of the furnace body, an exhaust outlet arranged on the upper surface of the furnace body, and an exhaust outlet arranged near the upper part of the furnace body.
  2. 2. The continuous cascade microwave treatment device for the organic-inorganic composite material according to claim 1, wherein the feeding device comprises a feeding hopper, a transition bin, a pneumatic hammer and a feeding port, wherein the feeding hopper is arranged at the front section of the upper surface of a furnace body and is arranged from top to bottom, the pneumatic hammer is arranged on the side wall of the transition bin, the feeding port is connected with a pipeline of the transition bin, and the size of a material entering the feeding hopper is 2cm-20 cm.
  3. 3. The continuous cascade microwave treatment device for the organic-inorganic composite material according to claim 2, wherein the discharging device comprises a discharging hole arranged at the rear section of the lower surface of the furnace body from top to bottom, a discharging tank connected with a pipeline of the discharging hole, and a discharging valve arranged on the pipeline of the discharging hole.
  4. 4. The continuous cascade microwave treatment device for the organic-inorganic composite material according to claim 3, wherein the inner wall of the furnace body is high-temperature resistant quartz, the outer wall of the furnace body is made of metal for isolating microwaves, the stirring rod is connected with a motor, and at least 3 stirring blades are uniformly distributed on the stirring rod.
  5. 5. The continuous cascade microwave treatment device for organic-inorganic composite materials according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, wherein the protruding cavity is positioned at the middle section of the upper surface of the furnace body, the protruding cavity and the furnace body are separated by a transparent quartz heat insulation antifouling plate, the microwave sources are at least 2 groups of microwave sources positioned on the same plane vertical to the furnace body, each group comprises 2 groups above and 1 group on two sides, and the window of each microwave source faces to the protruding cavity and is positioned in the protruding cavity.
  6. 6. The device for continuously stepped microwave treatment of organic-inorganic composite material according to claim 5, wherein the microwave source group is arranged in a stepwise variable frequency manner that the microwave power gradient decreases from the front section to the rear section, the foremost end of the microwave source group is 100-1500W, the rearmost end of the microwave source group is 100-600W, and the two middle microwave source groups are arranged in a stepwise variable frequency manner between the numerical values of the front end and the rear end.
  7. 7. The continuous cascade microwave treatment device for organic-inorganic composite materials according to claim 6, wherein the elevator adjusts the inclination angle of the furnace body to be 0-10 degrees, the rotation stirring speed of the stirring rod is 0.2-10 r/min, the flue pipeline connected with the exhaust port comprises an external furnace body part and an internal furnace body part, the flue pipeline of the external furnace body part is provided with an external burner, and the internal furnace body part is positioned above the internal furnace body and close to the inner wall of the upper surface.
  8. 8. The continuous step microwave treatment device for organic-inorganic composite materials according to claim 7, wherein the inclination angle of the elevator adjusting furnace body is preferably 0-5 degrees, and the rotating stirring speed of the stirring rod is preferably 2-3 r/min.
  9. 9. The continuous cascade microwave treatment device for organic-inorganic composite materials according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 or 8, further comprising a thermocouple which is arranged on the wall of the furnace body and is staggered with the plane of the stirring blade, a flowmeter which is arranged on each air inlet pipeline connected to the wall of the furnace body, an oxygen analyzer which is arranged on the front section wall of the furnace body, a pressure meter which is arranged on the upper surface of the furnace body, and a microwave leakage detection alarm device which is arranged near the feed inlet and the discharge outlet, wherein the pneumatic hammer, the microwave source, the stirring rod and the lifter are connected with an external control computer circuit, and the start and stop of the microwave source, the oxygen analyzer and the flowmeter are synchronous with the start and stop of the whole microwave device.

Description

Continuous cascade microwave treatment device for organic-inorganic composite material Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of microwave heating equipment and composite material recycling, in particular to a continuous step microwave treatment device for an organic-inorganic composite material. Background Microwaves generally refer to electromagnetic waves having a frequency between 0.3 and 300 GHz, and are commonly used in industry at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. Microwave pyrolysis is an emerging pyrolysis mode, which differs from conventional pyrolysis in that it responds to microwaves by specific components in the feedstock, accelerating the vibration of microscopic particles and increasing the temperature from the interior of the object. Therefore, in the pyrolysis reaction process triggered by microwaves, the energy transfer directions in the system are the same, so that the effects of strengthening the pyrolysis reaction and improving the pyrolysis efficiency are achieved. Thermal disposal is an effective recovery method for most solid waste. However, the heat treatment method commonly used at present has some problems, such as easy generation of harmful gas products by the incineration method, low heating efficiency and great damage to inorganic parts by the conventional pyrolysis method. Therefore, for organic-inorganic composite material waste, which has been produced in large quantities in recent years, the conventional heat treatment method is not fully applicable to the recovery thereof, and development of a novel heat treatment apparatus and method to accommodate the recovery requirement of the organic-inorganic composite material is highly demanded. It is noted that organic-inorganic composite materials contain organic moieties that are generally highly wave-absorbing and very responsive to microwaves and are therefore well suited for recovery treatments using microwave pyrolysis. The existing emerging organic solid waste mainly comprises retired wind power blades, photovoltaic panels, batteries and the like, and belongs to organic-inorganic composite materials. Taking a wind power blade as an example, the main components of the wind power blade are glass fibers and epoxy resin, wherein the epoxy resin can effectively absorb microwaves and heat, so that the development of a microwave pyrolysis device for recovering an organic-inorganic composite material represented by the wind power blade is feasible. Chinese patent CN 221744057U discloses an oxygen-enriched heat treatment system for efficiently recovering glass fibers of fan blades, and the recovery and utilization of the glass fibers are realized through pyrolysis and low-temperature oxidation processes. However, the system uses traditional pyrolysis, the heat treatment process is long in time and high in energy consumption, damages to the fibers are large, and long-sized fibers are difficult to obtain. Chinese patent No. 114963183A discloses a microwave pyrolysis treatment blade system and a treatment method, but the proposed batch operation requires that a fan blade is added in advance before the reaction starts, and a fork feeder is used for taking out glass fibers after the reaction is completely finished, so that continuous feeding and discharging cannot be realized, and the batch operation is blocked in industrial large-scale application. The Chinese patent CN 120137689A discloses a continuous replacement pyrolysis device and a pyrolysis method thereof, and realizes a continuous running path of materials from feeding to microwave pyrolysis to tar pyrolysis to discharging through a continuous replacement system comprising a pulley device, thereby effectively reducing microwave leakage and improving production efficiency. However, since the material is crushed (particle size 0.5-15 mm a) before feeding, the length and integrity of the glass fiber are destroyed, which is unfavorable for recycling. Chinese patent No. 120137690A discloses a system and a method for double heat transfer mode microwave pyrolysis of large-size fan blades, which are characterized in that a ceramic sheet containing SiC wave absorbent is embedded on the surface of a conveyor belt to carry out microwave pyrolysis on the large-size blades of 1-3 m. However, the durability and maintenance of SiC ceramic sheets can cause cost and safety problems, and in practical cases, too large blades may cause uneven heating such as local overheating due to irregular shapes and uneven thickness, which affects the recovery of subsequent fibers. The Chinese patent CN 114378099A discloses a retired photovoltaic module efficient thermal layering system and method based on microwave pyrolysis, in order to increase the adaptability of a core module from normal temperature to high temperature, pyrolysis reaction temperatures of three stages are sequentially 100-200 ℃, 300-400 ℃ and 550-650 ℃, but three microwave generators are high in energy consumption, and energy c