CN-122008541-A - 3D printer capable of cooling printing spray head

CN122008541ACN 122008541 ACN122008541 ACN 122008541ACN-122008541-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printer capable of cooling a printing spray head, which comprises a horizontal moving mechanism, wherein the horizontal moving mechanism comprises a horizontal moving frame, one end of the horizontal moving frame is symmetrically provided with a deflection moving frame, one end of the deflection moving frame is rotationally connected with the horizontal moving frame through a driving rotating shaft, and the other end of the deflection moving frame is rotationally provided with driving guide wheels, and the 3D printer further comprises a mixing guide mechanism, a synchronous feeding mechanism and a heat insulation cooling mechanism. According to the invention, through structural optimization, the operation stability, printing precision and material adaptability of the 3D printer are remarkably improved by improving a plurality of links such as consumable conveying, heating and melting, uniform mixing, spray head cooling, moving and guiding and the like.

Inventors

CHEN XI
JIANG ZHENGQUAN
YANG ZHONGZHENG
ZHANG CHENXI
HUANG GAILING
LI NINGNING
TONG YUPING
XING YAN
CHEN XIAO
LIU YANGYU
WANG HUIXIAN

Assignees

华北水利水电大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260312

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a can be to printing shower nozzle refrigerated 3D printer, includes horizontal migration mechanism, horizontal migration mechanism includes the horizontal migration frame, and the one end symmetry of horizontal migration frame is provided with the deflection and removes the frame, and the one end that deflects removes the frame is rotated with the horizontal migration frame through the drive pivot and is connected, and the other end that deflects and remove the frame all rotates and is provided with the drive guide pulley, its characterized in that still includes: the mixing guide mechanism comprises an operation installation cylinder, a fixed installation cylinder is arranged on the outer side of the operation installation cylinder, a cylindrical vacuum cavity is arranged in the cylinder wall of the fixed installation cylinder, and one side of the horizontal moving frame is connected with the fixed installation cylinder through a synchronous installation frame; The mixing guide mechanism further comprises a feeding installation cylinder arranged at one end of the operation installation cylinder, an extrusion installation cylinder is arranged at the other end of the operation installation cylinder, and a conical spray head is arranged at the outer end of the extrusion installation cylinder; The synchronous feeding mechanism comprises an annular feeding cylinder arranged on a feeding installation cylinder, a plurality of groups of consumable material guiding modules are arranged on the annular feeding cylinder at equal angles, and each consumable material guiding module comprises a feeding guide pipe; The heat-insulating cooling mechanism comprises a reducing guide pipe which is arranged on the feeding guide pipe in series, and a reducing guide cylinder is arranged in cooperation with the reducing guide pipe cover.
2. The 3D printer capable of cooling a printing nozzle according to claim 1, wherein an output driving piece is arranged at the outer end of the feeding installation cylinder in an aligned mode, a plurality of fixing installation frames are arranged at the outer side of the output driving piece in an equal angle mode, the outer ends of the fixing installation frames are all fixed on the outer side of the feeding installation cylinder, one end of the output driving piece is provided with a limiting rotating column through an output shaft, the end portion of the feeding installation cylinder is provided with a limiting rotating sleeve in cooperation with the limiting rotating column, the outer end of the limiting rotating column is connected with a heating transmission column, the heating transmission column penetrates through the feeding installation cylinder, the operation installation cylinder and the extrusion installation cylinder, and a heating column is embedded in the heating transmission column.
3. The 3D printer capable of cooling the printing nozzle according to claim 2, wherein a rotary coupling conductive ring is arranged on the outer side of the limiting rotary column, and an annular conductive groove is arranged on the inner side of the limiting rotary sleeve in cooperation with the rotary coupling conductive ring.
4. A 3D printer capable of cooling a printing nozzle according to claim 3, wherein a spiral guide plate is arranged on the heating transmission column in the feeding installation cylinder, a plurality of rotation stirring columns are arranged on the heating transmission column in the operation installation cylinder at equal angles, a plurality of fixed stirring columns are arranged on the inner wall of the operation installation cylinder in a rotation dislocation manner in cooperation with the rotation stirring columns, and a spiral extrusion plate is arranged on the heating transmission column in the extrusion installation cylinder.
5. The 3D printer capable of cooling the printing nozzle according to claim 1, wherein one end of the feeding conduit is communicated with the annular feeding cylinder, the other end of the feeding conduit is provided with an expanding material guiding pipe, and the outer ends of the expanding material guiding pipes are all provided with material conveying conduits.
6. The 3D printer capable of cooling the printing nozzle according to claim 5, wherein the outer ends of the material conveying guide pipes are symmetrically provided with material conveying installation frames, reset rotating shafts are rotatably arranged on the material conveying installation frames, swing wheel frames are arranged on the reset rotating shafts, material conveying guide wheels are arranged on the swing wheel frames, and a plurality of anti-skidding lines are arranged on the outer sides of the material conveying guide wheels at equal angles.
7. The 3D printer capable of cooling the printing nozzle according to claim 1, wherein one end of the reducing guide cylinder is provided with an annular air collecting cover, the annular air collecting cover is in butt joint with the expansion guide pipe, the outer side of the annular air collecting cover is provided with an arc guide cover, the other end of the output driving piece is provided with a flow gathering cylinder through a fixed mounting column, and the arc guide covers are communicated with the flow gathering cylinder through exhaust pipes.
8. The 3D printer capable of cooling the printing nozzle according to claim 7, wherein the flow gathering cylinder is provided with an air pump in a communicating manner, and one end of the air pump is provided with an exhaust pipe in a communicating manner.
9. The 3D printer capable of cooling the printing nozzle according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of bending heat conducting fins are arranged on the outer side of the diameter-reduced material guiding pipe at equal angles, one end of each bending heat conducting fin is connected with the outer side of a feeding conduit close to the annular feeding barrel, a heat insulation ring is arranged on the outer side of the feeding conduit far away from the annular feeding barrel, and one end of each bending heat conducting fin is connected with the heat insulation ring.
10. The 3D printer capable of cooling the printing nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the horizontal moving frame is horizontally provided with a double-column guiding cylinder, and a double-column guiding rod is arranged in cooperation with the double-column guiding cylinder.

Description

3D printer capable of cooling printing spray head Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printer capable of cooling a printing nozzle. Background In recent years, with the popularization of fused deposition modeling technology, 3D printers have been widely used in the fields of prototype fabrication, small-scale production, personalized customization, and the like. However, with the improvement of printing precision requirements and the diversification of printing materials, the existing 3D printing equipment exposes a plurality of technical bottlenecks in the long-time continuous operation and multi-material printing process, and is mainly embodied in the aspects of spray head heat dissipation, material compatibility, motion stability and the like. First, the heat transfer control problem is one of the central factors that limit print quality and feed stability. In FDM printing, the showerhead heating block typically needs to maintain high temperatures above 200 ℃ to melt the consumable, and heat is conducted up the metal throat to the feed channel. When heat accumulation causes the temperature of the throat tube to exceed the glass transition temperature of the consumable material, the consumable material is softened and deformed before entering a melting zone, and the phenomenon of thermal fracture occurs. The softened consumable material is easy to curl or block under the pressure of the extrusion gear, so that the feeding resistance is increased, the extrusion amount is fluctuated, and the printing failure is caused when the extrusion amount is serious. In the prior art, a passive cooling mode of cooling fins and fans is adopted, but the cooling efficiency is limited, so that the heat uploading path is difficult to be blocked effectively, and particularly, the problem of heat blockage is more remarkable when large-size printing or high-temperature engineering material printing is performed. Secondly, with the development of multi-material composite printing technology, a single spray head is difficult to meet the requirement of synchronous or alternate feeding of multiple consumables. The existing multi-material printing scheme adopts a multi-nozzle switching or multi-channel feeding gating structure, but the problems of complex structure, time-consuming switching, mixed color pollution caused by material residues and the like are often caused. In addition, if the friction force between the material conveying guide wheel and the consumable material is insufficient or the pressure is unstable in the feeding process, phenomena such as slipping and material breakage are easy to occur, and the continuity and reliability of printing of multiple materials are affected. How to simplify the structure and improve the feeding efficiency while ensuring stable conveying of various materials becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field. Again, the uniform mixing and temperature control of the molten material directly affects the mechanical properties and surface quality of the printed article. The traditional spray head adopts a structure that a single heating cavity is matched with a conical flow channel, consumable materials naturally flow by means of extrusion pressure after melting, and an active stirring mechanism is lacked, so that additives, color concentrates or different materials are unevenly mixed in a molten state, and the interlayer bonding strength is insufficient. Meanwhile, the heat of the heating cavity is easy to dissipate, so that not only is the energy consumption increased, but also the melting temperature fluctuation is large, and the printing consistency is affected. In addition, the moving and shifting mechanism of the printing nozzle is also important to guaranteeing the printing precision. The existing portal frame or cantilever structure is easy to vibrate and swing when moving at high speed, so that the positioning accuracy of the spray head is reduced, and the forming effect of a complex curved surface and a fine structure is affected. How to optimize the guiding mode of the spray head travelling mechanism, ensures that the spray head travelling mechanism is stable in long-term operation, and is also a key direction for improving the reliability of equipment. The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and therefore, provides a 3D printer capable of cooling a printing nozzle. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a 3D printer capable of cooling a printing nozzle so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art. By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention provides a 3D printer capable of cooling a printing spray head, which comprises a horizontal moving mechanism, wherein the horizontal moving mechanism comprises a horizontal moving frame, one end of the horizontal moving frame is symmetrically provided with a deflecti