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CN-122008656-A - High-performance fiber composite cloth and preparation method thereof

CN122008656ACN 122008656 ACN122008656 ACN 122008656ACN-122008656-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance fiber composite cloth and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problem of insufficient interlayer structural strength of the existing fiber composite cloth. The technical scheme is that the composite cloth is of a multi-layer composite structure and comprises a reinforced fiber layer, an interface modification layer, a bio-based resin matrix layer and an interlayer crosslinking layer, wherein the interface modification layer is a bio-based compatilizer layer grafted after plasma etching, the bio-based resin matrix layer adopts a solvent-free castor oil-based epoxy resin system, and the interlayer crosslinking layer is formed by crosslinking isocyanate modified polyethylene glycol. The preparation method adopts an integrated process of dry pre-soaking, plasma surface modification and interlayer in-situ crosslinking, and does not need an organic solvent, and the steps comprise fiber modification, compatilizer grafting, resin preparation, dry pre-soaking, sectional solidification and post-treatment. The invention effectively improves the interlayer structural strength of the fiber composite cloth.

Inventors

  • XU YUNFENG

Assignees

  • 浙江金剑新材料有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260207

Claims (6)

  1. 1. The high-performance fiber composite cloth is characterized by comprising a fiber fabric body, wherein the fiber fabric body sequentially comprises a reinforced fiber layer, an interface modification layer and a bio-based resin matrix layer from inside to outside, an interlayer crosslinking layer is arranged between adjacent fiber fabric bodies, the total thickness of the fiber fabric body is 0.8-5.0mm, and the surface density is 200-800g/m < 2 >; the reinforcing fiber layer adopts continuous fiber fabric as a reinforcing phase, and the fiber type is one or more of carbon fiber, aramid fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber; The interlayer crosslinking layer is positioned between the adjacent first reinforced fiber layer and the second reinforced fiber layer, the thickness is 80-200nm, and the interlayer crosslinking layer is formed by reacting isocyanate modified polyethylene glycol with a bio-based resin matrix; The interface modification layer is a grafted bio-based compatilizer layer after plasma etching, the thickness is 50-200nm, and the compatilizer is one of polylactic acid grafted maleic anhydride and starch-based grafted acrylic ester; The bio-based resin matrix layer is prepared by mixing the solvent-free bio-based epoxy resin and the castor oil-based epoxy resin and the pine oil-based curing agent according to the mass ratio of 100:30-50, and the thickness is 100-300 mu m.
  2. 2. The high-performance fiber composite cloth according to claim 1, wherein the fabric weave structure of the reinforced fiber layer is plain weave, twill or satin weave, the fiber volume fraction is 40% -60%, the fiber diameter is 5-15 μm, and the breaking strength is more than or equal to 3.5GPa.
  3. 3. The high-performance fiber composite cloth according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the isocyanate modified polyethylene glycol in the interlayer crosslinking layer is 2% -5% of the mass of the bio-based resin matrix.
  4. 4. The high-performance fiber composite cloth according to claim 1, wherein the epoxy value of the castor oil-based epoxy resin is 0.35-0.45eq/100g, and the amine value of the pine-segment oil-based curing agent is 200-300mgKOH/g.
  5. 5. The high-performance fiber composite cloth according to claim 1, wherein the isocyanate modified polyethylene glycol has a number average molecular weight of 1000-2000.
  6. 6. The preparation method of the high-performance fiber composite cloth according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps of S1, putting a reinforced fiber layer into a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument, introducing mixed gas of argon and oxygen (volume ratio of 3:1), controlling the treatment power to be 80-120W, the treatment time to be 3-8min and the treatment pressure to be 0.05-0.1MPa; s2, grafting treatment of an interfacial compatilizer, namely immersing the fiber fabric modified by the plasmas in the step S1 into a bio-based compatilizer solution, wherein the mass concentration of the compatilizer is 5% -10%, the solvent is deionized water, soaking for 20-40min at a constant temperature of 60-80 ℃, then drying for 1-2h at 100-120 ℃, and cooling to room temperature for standby; S3, preparing a solvent-free bio-based resin matrix, namely placing castor oil-based epoxy resin and a pine-segment oil-based curing agent into a stirring kettle according to a mass ratio of 100:30-50, adding isocyanate modified polyethylene glycol, stirring for 15-25min at a rotating speed of 300-500r/min, and uniformly mixing to obtain an interlayer crosslinking layer; S4, dry pre-soaking and lamination compounding, namely heating the bio-based resin matrix prepared in the step S3 to 80-100 ℃ for melting, coating the bio-based resin matrix on the surface of the fiber fabric treated in the step S2, wherein the coating amount is 80-120% of the mass of the fiber fabric, rolling the fiber fabric by a compression roller with the pressure of 0.5-1.0MPa to obtain pre-soaked cloth, stacking multiple layers of pre-soaked cloth layer by layer, and paving a crosslinking agent between layers; s5, in-situ curing and forming, namely placing the laminated prepreg cloth into an autoclave, carrying out sectional curing, namely preserving heat for 1-2 hours at 120-140 ℃ and 1.5-2.0MPa, then raising the temperature to 160-180 ℃ and preserving heat for 2-3 hours at 2.0-2.5MPa, and naturally cooling to room temperature; And S6, post-processing, namely performing edge cutting and surface polishing on the cured composite cloth to obtain a finished product.

Description

High-performance fiber composite cloth and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of fiber composite cloth, in particular to high-performance fiber composite cloth and a preparation method thereof. Background The high-performance fiber composite cloth takes carbon fiber, aramid fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and the like as reinforcing phases, takes resin as matrix phases, and gradually replaces the traditional metal materials to become core materials in the high-end manufacturing field by virtue of excellent performances such as high specific strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and the like. However, the existing high-performance fiber composite cloth is easy to have the problem of insufficient interlayer bonding strength in industrial preparation and practical application. The fiber composite cloth is mostly formed by superposing and compounding a plurality of layers of fiber fabrics, the interface between layers only depends on the physical bonding of a resin matrix, the interface acting force is weak, interlayer stripping and cracking easily occur when the fiber composite cloth is impacted by external force, the integral mechanical property of the material is degraded, and the requirement of high-end equipment on structural integrity cannot be met. In the prior art, a mode of increasing the resin content is often adopted for improving the interlayer strength, but the weight of the material is increased and the specific strength is reduced. There is therefore a need to propose a solution to this problem. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the high-performance fiber composite cloth and the preparation method thereof, and the interface binding force between the fiber and the bio-based resin matrix layer is enhanced by constructing the plasma etching grafted bio-based compatilizer interface modification layer on the surface of the enhanced fiber layer. The technical aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme that the high-performance fiber composite cloth comprises a fiber fabric body, wherein the fiber fabric body sequentially comprises a reinforced fiber layer, an interface modification layer and a bio-based resin matrix layer from inside to outside, an interlayer crosslinking layer is arranged between adjacent fiber fabric bodies, the total thickness of the fiber fabric body is 0.8-5.0mm, and the surface density is 200-800g/m <2 >; the reinforcing fiber layer adopts continuous fiber fabric as a reinforcing phase, and the fiber type is one or more of carbon fiber, aramid fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber; The interlayer crosslinking layer is positioned between the adjacent first reinforced fiber layer and the second reinforced fiber layer, the thickness is 80-200nm, and the interlayer crosslinking layer is formed by reacting isocyanate modified polyethylene glycol with a bio-based resin matrix; The interface modification layer is a grafted bio-based compatilizer layer after plasma etching, the thickness is 50-200nm, and the compatilizer is one of polylactic acid grafted maleic anhydride and starch-based grafted acrylic ester; The bio-based resin matrix layer is prepared by mixing the solvent-free bio-based epoxy resin and the castor oil-based epoxy resin and the pine oil-based curing agent according to the mass ratio of 100:30-50, and the thickness is 100-300 mu m. The invention is further characterized in that the fabric weave structure of the reinforced fiber layer is plain weave, twill or satin weave, the fiber volume fraction is 40% -60%, the fiber diameter is 5-15 mu m, and the breaking strength is more than or equal to 3.5GPa. The invention is further arranged that the addition amount of the isocyanate modified polyethylene glycol in the interlayer crosslinking layer is 2-5% of the mass of the bio-based resin matrix. The invention is further characterized in that the epoxy value of the castor oil-based epoxy resin is 0.35-0.45eq/100g, and the amine value of the pine-segment oil-based curing agent is 200-300mgKOH/g. The invention further provides that the isocyanate modified polyethylene glycol has a number average molecular weight of 1000-2000. S1, placing a reinforced fiber layer into a low-temperature plasma treatment instrument, introducing mixed gas of argon and oxygen (volume ratio of 3:1), controlling the treatment power to be 80-120W, the treatment time to be 3-8min and the treatment pressure to be 0.05-0.1MPa; s2, grafting treatment of an interfacial compatilizer, namely immersing the fiber fabric modified by the plasmas in the step S1 into a bio-based compatilizer solution, wherein the mass concentration of the compatilizer is 5% -10%, the solvent is deionized water, soaking for 20-40min at a constant temperature of 60-80 ℃, then drying for 1-2h at 100-120 ℃, and cooling to room temperature f