CN-122008967-A - Battery thermal management system with natural cooling function, control method and automobile

CN122008967ACN 122008967 ACN122008967 ACN 122008967ACN-122008967-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery thermal management system with natural cooling, a control method and an automobile, wherein a battery cooling liquid loop is used for conducting thermal management on a battery pack, a radiator cooling liquid loop is used for conducting heat exchange with ambient air, a refrigerant circulation loop is used for providing active cooling when the battery thermal management system is started, a mode switching device is provided with two working states, the battery cooling liquid loop is connected with the radiator cooling liquid loop in parallel in a first working state, the refrigerant circulation loop is started or stopped to form a compressor refrigeration mode or a battery heating mode, and the battery cooling liquid loop is connected with the radiator cooling liquid loop in series in a second working state, and the refrigerant circulation loop is stopped to form a natural cooling mode. According to the invention, different working modes are realized through the mode switching device, and the natural cooling mode is used at low temperature, so that the battery can be efficiently cooled in a low-temperature environment, the energy consumption is reduced, and the endurance mileage is improved.

Inventors

BAI HANG
JIANG YANGFAN
WANG MENG
LI XINGSHAN
HONG JIN

Assignees

东风马勒热系统有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260331

Claims (10)

1. A battery thermal management system with natural cooling is characterized by comprising The battery cooling liquid loop is used for carrying out heat management on the battery pack; the radiator cooling liquid loop is used for performing heat exchange with ambient air; a refrigerant circulation loop for providing active cooling when activated; the mode switching device has two working states: In a first operating state, the battery coolant loop is in parallel with the radiator coolant loop, and the refrigerant circulation loop is enabled or disabled to form a compressor cooling mode or a battery heating mode; In a second operating state, the battery coolant loop is in series with the radiator coolant loop forming a single liquid cooled circulation path, and the refrigerant circulation loop is disabled to form a natural cooling mode.
2. The battery thermal management system with natural cooling as defined in claim 1, wherein the battery coolant loop comprises a first electronic water pump, a battery heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a battery heater and a battery pack connected in series in sequence through pipelines; The radiator cooling liquid loop comprises a second electronic water pump, a low-temperature radiator, the four-way valve and a water-cooled condenser which are sequentially connected in series through pipelines; the refrigerant circulation loop comprises a compressor, the water-cooled condenser, a liquid storage drying tank, an electronic expansion valve and the battery heat exchanger which are sequentially connected in series through pipelines; The mode switching device is the four-way valve.
3. The battery thermal management system with natural cooling of claim 2, wherein the loop state in the compressor cooling mode is: the compressor, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are started, and the battery heater is closed; the refrigerant circulation loop is conducted, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the battery cooling liquid flowing through the battery heat exchanger; The coolant in the radiator coolant circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the water-cooled condenser and dissipates heat to the outside air side in the low-temperature radiator.
4. The battery thermal management system with natural cooling of claim 2, wherein the loop state in the battery heating mode is: the compressor and the second electronic water pump are turned off, and the first electronic water pump and the battery heater are turned on; the battery cooling liquid loop is independently circulated, the battery heater heats the circulated cooling liquid, and the heated cooling liquid flows through the battery pack to heat the battery.
5. The battery thermal management system with natural cooling of claim 2, wherein the loop state in natural cooling mode is: The compressor and the battery heater are closed, and the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are started; The coolant flows through a liquid cooling circulation path formed by the battery coolant circuit and the radiator coolant circuit in series, and the low-temperature radiator radiates heat to the outside air side.
6. The battery thermal management system with natural cooling of claim 2, further comprising a control module configured to: The rotating speed of the first electronic water pump is adjusted according to the temperature difference between the water inlet temperature and the water outlet temperature of the battery pack; In the refrigerating mode of the compressor, the opening of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted according to the superheat degree of the outlet of the battery heat exchanger; In the natural cooling mode, controlling the rotating speed of an electronic fan associated with the low-temperature radiator according to the difference value between the target cooling temperature of the battery pack and the water inlet temperature; and in the battery heating mode, controlling the power of the battery heater according to the difference value between the target heating temperature of the battery pack and the water inlet temperature.
7. The battery thermal management system with natural cooling as defined in claim 2, further comprising an integrated frame, wherein the compressor, the water-cooled condenser, the liquid storage drying tank, the battery heat exchanger, the battery heater, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump, the four-way valve and the electronic expansion valve are fixedly installed in the integrated frame through brackets to form an integrated unit structure.
8. The battery thermal management system with natural cooling as recited in claim 7, wherein at least one side of said integrated frame is provided with a removable service panel, said removal of said service panel providing direct access to at least one device within said integrated frame.
9. A control method of the battery thermal management system with natural cooling as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Judging the requirement of the battery pack as cooling or heating requirement; If the battery thermal management system is in a cooling requirement, acquiring an ambient temperature, and controlling the battery thermal management system with natural cooling to enter a compressor refrigeration mode when the ambient temperature is greater than a first threshold; when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a first threshold value, controlling the battery thermal management system with natural cooling to enter a natural cooling mode; And if the battery is in a heating requirement, controlling the battery thermal management system with natural cooling to enter a battery heating mode.
10. An automobile comprising a battery thermal management system with natural cooling as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

Description

Battery thermal management system with natural cooling function, control method and automobile Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of battery thermal management, and particularly relates to a battery thermal management system with natural cooling, a control method and an automobile. Background In new energy commercial vehicle applications, battery thermal management systems have a key role in guaranteeing battery performance and vehicle reliability. The current mainstream system adopts an independent battery cooling system, and the core of the system depends on an electric compressor to realize an active cooling function. Under the low-temperature working condition in winter, the commercial vehicle has large battery capacity and high output power, and the driving compressor consumes a large amount of battery electric quantity, so that the whole vehicle endurance mileage is obviously reduced, and particularly in cold seasons, the energy efficiency of the battery is inhibited by temperature, and the energy consumption of the superposition compressor is reduced, so that the endurance reduction problem is more remarkable. In addition, when the ambient temperature is lower than-20 ℃, the compressor in the conventional cooling unit is often not normally started due to the limitation of the working medium characteristic, and at the moment, if the battery generates a cooling demand, the vehicle can only be forced to run with low power, so that the drivability is reduced, abnormal loss of core components such as the battery and the motor can be caused, and the service life of the battery is shortened. In view of the above, there is a need in the art for improvements. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a battery thermal management system with natural cooling, a control method and an automobile. The battery can be efficiently cooled in a low-temperature environment, the energy consumption is reduced, the endurance mileage is improved, the problem that the compressor cannot be started is avoided, and the system structure is simplified. The invention adopts the technical scheme that the battery thermal management system with natural cooling comprises The battery cooling liquid loop is used for carrying out heat management on the battery pack; the radiator cooling liquid loop is used for performing heat exchange with ambient air; a refrigerant circulation loop for providing active cooling when activated; the mode switching device has two working states: In a first operating state, the battery coolant loop is in parallel with the radiator coolant loop, and the refrigerant circulation loop is enabled or disabled to form a compressor cooling mode or a battery heating mode; In a second operating state, the battery coolant loop is in series with the radiator coolant loop forming a single liquid cooled circulation path, and the refrigerant circulation loop is disabled to form a natural cooling mode. A control method of the battery thermal management system with natural cooling as claimed in any one of the above, comprising the steps of: Judging the requirement of the battery pack as cooling or heating requirement; If the battery thermal management system is in a cooling requirement, acquiring an ambient temperature, and controlling the battery thermal management system with natural cooling to enter a compressor refrigeration mode when the ambient temperature is greater than a first threshold; when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a first threshold value, controlling the battery thermal management system with natural cooling to enter a natural cooling mode; And if the battery is in a heating requirement, controlling the battery thermal management system with natural cooling to enter a battery heating mode. An automobile comprising the battery thermal management system with natural cooling of any one of the above. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: According to the invention, the battery cooling liquid loop is arranged, different working modes are realized through the mode switching device, and under the condition that the low-temperature compressor cannot be started, the natural cooling mode is used for cooling the battery, so that the battery can be efficiently cooled in a low-temperature environment, the energy consumption is reduced, and the endurance mileage, the energy source use efficiency and the service lives of the battery, the electric drive and other parts are prolonged. The thermal management system with the natural cooling module has the characteristics of simple installation and easy maintenance, can be maintained without dismantling the whole machine, can meet the requirements of multiple modes of the thermal management system of the vehicle, and can meet the requirements of simple operation, convenient maintenance, short time consumption, high efficiency and low maintenance cost. Meanwhile, th