CN-122009278-A - Switch monitoring miniature node and monitoring method

CN122009278ACN 122009278 ACN122009278 ACN 122009278ACN-122009278-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniature switch monitoring node and a monitoring method, wherein the node comprises a microprocessor, a storage unit, a power supply unit, a communication unit, a sensor, an acquisition circuit and a wake-up unit, the wake-up unit comprises an MEMS acceleration sensor, a comparator thereof, an MEMS ultrasonic sensor and a comparator thereof, the output ends of the MEMS acceleration sensor, the comparator and the MEMS ultrasonic sensor are respectively connected with an I/O interrupt pin of the microprocessor, the wake-up unit is used for waking up the microprocessor through the comparator to output interrupt signals in response to vibration caused by switch driving or displacement change caused by switch switching when the node is in a dormant state, and the microprocessor is controlled to acquire switch state data and store the switch state data to the storage unit after being wakened up. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a double MEMS sensor hardware wake-up and integrated wireless cable structure, and ensures reliable collection of turnout state data while realizing low-power-consumption long-term operation.

Inventors

MA SAI
CHEN WEIMING
HUANG ANQUAN
WANG SEN
WANG LIANGJIE
TANG LIANHAI
CUI SONG

Assignees

通号通信信息集团上海有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260324

Claims (10)

1. A switch monitoring micro node comprising: The device comprises a microprocessor, a storage unit, a power supply unit, a communication unit, a sensor, a collecting circuit and a wake-up unit; The wake-up unit comprises an MEMS acceleration sensor and a comparator thereof, and an MEMS ultrasonic sensor and a comparator thereof; The output ends of the MEMS acceleration sensor and the comparator thereof, and the output ends of the MEMS ultrasonic sensor and the comparator thereof are respectively connected with the I/O interrupt pin of the microprocessor; When the node is in a dormant state, the wake-up unit responds to vibration caused by switch passing or displacement change caused by switch conversion, and the microprocessor is waken up by outputting an interrupt signal through the comparator; And after the microprocessor is awakened, controlling the sensor and the acquisition circuit to acquire turnout state data, and storing the turnout state data into the storage unit.
2. The switch monitoring micro-node according to claim 1, wherein the MEMS acceleration sensor and the comparator thereof are configured to detect a switch passing event, and output a high-level interrupt signal to wake up the microprocessor when vibration caused by a switch passing exceeds a preset threshold; The MEMS ultrasonic sensor and the comparator thereof are used for detecting turnout switching events, and when displacement change caused by turnout switching exceeds a preset threshold value, a high-level interrupt signal is output to wake up the microprocessor.
3. The switch monitoring micro-node according to claim 1, wherein the microprocessor, the storage unit, the power supply unit, the communication unit, the sensor and the acquisition circuit, and the wake-up unit are integrally arranged in a housing; the sensor interface is connected with the sensor and the acquisition circuit and is used for detachably connecting different types of external sensors, and the nodes are connected with the external sensors through wireless cables.
4. A switch monitoring micro-node according to claim 3, wherein the external sensors comprise displacement sensors, acceleration sensors, laser sensors and stress sensors for monitoring switch status data including switch closure, opening, vibration, crawling or switching forces.
5. The switch monitoring micro-node according to claim 1, wherein the power supply unit comprises a built-in battery and a power supply management chip, and is used for performing charge and discharge management on the built-in battery and supplying power to each functional unit of the node in an adapting way; The node is in a deep sleep mode when no wake-up trigger event occurs, and is kept in a standby state only by the wake-up unit.
6. The switch monitoring micro-node of claim 1, wherein said node further comprises: the time service unit and the antenna are used for receiving Beidou or GPS navigation system signals and providing standard time information for the nodes; the clock unit is used for providing a time stamp for the turnout state data and the operation log; And the crystal oscillator is used for providing a clock signal for the microprocessor.
7. The switch monitoring micro-node of claim 1, wherein said node further comprises: The maintenance interface is used for receiving an external command to set working parameters of the node or export data in the storage unit; The physical type of the maintenance interface comprises at least one of TTL, RS232, RS422 or RS 485; Status lights, controlled by the microprocessor, to indicate the node operating status.
8. A switch monitoring method based on a switch monitoring micro-node according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising: The node is started and initialized, a microprocessor and peripheral parameters are configured, the working mode and the threshold value of a wake-up unit are set, and the node enters a dormant state; When vibration caused by switch passing reaches a detection threshold value of the MEMS acceleration sensor or displacement change caused by switch conversion reaches the detection threshold value of the MEMS ultrasonic sensor, the corresponding comparator outputs an interrupt signal to wake up the microprocessor; after the microprocessor is awakened, starting sampling interruption, and controlling the sensor and the acquisition circuit to continuously acquire turnout state data; And stopping collecting when the collection times reach the preset number, storing the data into a storage unit, and re-entering the sleep state.
9. The switch monitoring method of claim 8, further comprising: periodically exiting from the sleep mode according to the first timing interruption, collecting sensor data representing the background parameters of the turnout in the event-free state once, storing the sensor data, and then restoring to sleep; and periodically acquiring standard time from the time service unit according to the second timing interruption, and recovering from dormancy after calibrating the clock unit.
10. The switch monitoring method of claim 8, further comprising: When a data uploading command is received through the maintenance interface, the node exits the sleep mode, and the turnout state data in the storage unit is externally transmitted through the communication unit.

Description

Switch monitoring miniature node and monitoring method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of switch monitoring, in particular to a miniature switch monitoring node and a monitoring method. Background The railway switch comprises a switch part, a foundation under the rail and a switching device, is an important railway infrastructure, and guides the running train to drive to different track lines in the switch opening direction. The current turnout management department still carries out maintenance work on turnout according to the periodic inspection maintenance mode, consumes a large amount of operation and maintenance personnel working time, and needs to adopt new technology to reduce the labor intensity of manual maintenance. The current switch management department has realized monitoring state parameters such as switch machine switching current, switching power, switch indication breach, etc. and has guided the switch maintenance. In order to comprehensively analyze the state of the turnout, more turnout state parameters such as turnout close contact, opening, vibration, frame, conversion force, locking amount, creeping and the like need to be further monitored. Through retrieval, chinese patent publication No. CN119043480A discloses a low-power consumption acquisition and transmission system and method for rail health monitoring data, a dual-sensor scheme is formed by adopting a high-sampling-rate acceleration sensor and a low-power consumption acceleration sensor, node awakening is realized by detecting vibration excitation through the low-power consumption acceleration sensor, the rail vibration data are acquired through the high-sampling-rate acceleration sensor, two-stage thresholds are set for screening the data, and the data are transmitted to a cloud server through a trackside gateway. However, the scheme only depends on the acceleration sensor to detect vibration as a single wake-up source, displacement change generated during switch conversion cannot be responded effectively, a monitoring object is limited to rail vibration, and key mechanical state parameters such as switch close contact, opening, conversion force and the like are difficult to obtain comprehensively. Chinese patent publication No. CN112550369a discloses an on-line switch state monitoring system, which realizes the parameter monitoring of switch close-contact quantity, opening quantity, creeping quantity and frame, but the equipment has large volume, high power, needs external cable power supply, has large installation workload beside the track, and can only be used for monitoring single switch. Chinese patent publication No. CN117125112a discloses a wireless sensing acquisition device and an acquisition method for detecting turnouts, which reduce the volume and power consumption of the device, adopt battery power supply, use solar panels as supplementary energy, adopt wireless transmission data between the devices, reduce the installation workload, and can be repeatedly used for measuring a plurality of groups of turnouts, but the sensors and the acquisition devices are still connected by cables. Therefore, how to realize reliable collection of turnout state data under different working conditions while ensuring low-power consumption long-term operation of turnout monitoring nodes is a technical problem to be solved. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a miniature switch monitoring node and a monitoring method. The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: according to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a switch monitoring micro node comprising: The device comprises a microprocessor, a storage unit, a power supply unit, a communication unit, a sensor, a collecting circuit and a wake-up unit; The wake-up unit comprises an MEMS acceleration sensor and a comparator thereof, and an MEMS ultrasonic sensor and a comparator thereof; The output ends of the MEMS acceleration sensor and the comparator thereof, and the output ends of the MEMS ultrasonic sensor and the comparator thereof are respectively connected with the I/O interrupt pin of the microprocessor; When the node is in a dormant state, the wake-up unit responds to vibration caused by switch passing or displacement change caused by switch conversion, and the microprocessor is waken up by outputting an interrupt signal through the comparator; And after the microprocessor is awakened, controlling the sensor and the acquisition circuit to acquire turnout state data, and storing the turnout state data into the storage unit. As an optimized technical scheme, the MEMS acceleration sensor and the comparator thereof are used for detecting a turnout passing event, and when vibration caused by the passing of the turnout exceeds a preset threshold value, a high-level interrupt signal is output to wake up the microprocessor; The MEMS ultrasonic sens