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CN-122009309-A - Novel axle turns to system in back

CN122009309ACN 122009309 ACN122009309 ACN 122009309ACN-122009309-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel axle steering centering system which comprises a power input unit. The invention does not need a programmed controller or a complex sensor, builds control logic only through basic elements such as a relay, a diode, a micro switch and the like, has simple structure and low cost, has no electronic program dependence, has strong electromagnetic interference resistance, adapts to severe operation environment of engineering/agricultural vehicles, does not need professional equipment for maintenance, realizes flexible switching between normal automatic centering and manual priority control through a normally closed self-resetting button, namely automatic centering triggered by the micro switch in the normal state, directly controls steering through the button in the manual mode, has no logic conflict, meets the requirements of automatic convenience and manual controllability, realizes signal unidirectional guide through four isolation diodes, prevents current backflow, ensures that normally closed contacts of the relay are interlocked, avoids simultaneous actions of the double relays, protects a circuit and a hydraulic motor, and improves the reliability of the system.

Inventors

  • QIN BIN

Assignees

  • 广西方向汽车维修有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260305

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A novel axle steering return system, comprising: the power supply input unit is used for accessing a vehicle power supply and outputting the working voltage of the device; the mode switching unit comprises a normally closed self-reset mode switching button which is connected in series in an anode output loop of the power input unit and is used for switching the working mode of the device into a normal automatic neutral power supply branch or a manual steering control power supply branch; the position detection unit comprises a first normally open type micro switch and a second normally open type micro switch, wherein the first micro switch is used for detecting the left deviation position state of the rear wheel of the vehicle, and the second micro switch is used for detecting the right deviation position state of the rear wheel of the vehicle; a manual operation unit including a left turn button and a right turn button; the execution driving unit comprises a first relay and a second relay, wherein a normally open contact loop of the first relay is used for controlling the hydraulic motor to rotate left, and a normally open contact loop of the second relay is used for controlling the hydraulic motor to rotate right; the signal isolation guide unit comprises a first isolation diode, a second isolation diode, a third isolation diode and a fourth isolation diode; And the electric interlocking unit is formed by intersecting and connecting a normally closed contact of the first relay and a normally closed contact of the second relay in series, wherein the normally closed contact of the mode switching button is conducted in a normal automatic return mode, and the output end of the power input unit is divided into an automatic return power supply branch and a manual control power supply branch.
  2. 2. The novel axle steering centering system of claim 1, wherein the positive branch of the automatic centering power supply branch is connected to one end of a first micro switch and one end of a second micro switch respectively, the other end of the first micro switch is connected to the coil control end of the second relay through a first isolation diode, and the other end of the second micro switch is connected to the coil control end of the first relay through a second isolation diode.
  3. 3. The novel axle steering back system according to claim 1 is characterized in that an anode branch of the manual control power supply branch is connected with one end of a left turning button and one end of a right turning button respectively, the other end of the left turning button is connected to a coil control end of a first relay through a third isolation diode, the other end of the right turning button is connected to a coil control end of a second relay through a fourth isolation diode, a normally closed contact of the first relay is connected in series in a wire power supply loop of the second relay, and a normally closed contact of the second relay is connected in series in a coil power supply loop of the first relay.
  4. 4. The novel axle steering return system of claim 1 wherein the normally open contact of the first relay is connected in series in a hydraulic motor left turn power circuit and the normally open contact of the second relay is connected in series in a hydraulic motor right turn power circuit.
  5. 5. The novel axle steering and centering system according to claim 1, wherein the position detection unit further comprises a position transmission assembly, the position transmission assembly comprises a flexible cable, a sliding block, a linear guide rail and a reset spring, one end of the flexible cable is fixedly connected with a rear wheel steering knuckle of a vehicle, the other end of the flexible cable is fixedly connected with the sliding block, the sliding block is in sliding fit on the linear guide rail, and the sliding track of the sliding block is consistent with the steering direction of the rear wheel of the vehicle.
  6. 6. The novel axle steering and centering system according to claim 5, wherein the two ends of the linear guide rail are respectively provided with a first micro switch and a second micro switch, the two micro switches are respectively positioned on two sides of a sliding track of the sliding block, the reset spring is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding block, one end of the reset spring is abutted against the end part of the linear guide rail, and the other end of the reset spring is abutted against the sliding block and used for driving the sliding block to reset to the middle position of the linear guide rail.
  7. 7. The novel axle steering centering system of claim 1, wherein the mode switching button is a double-contact self-resetting button and comprises a group of normally closed contacts and a group of normally open contacts, and the normally closed contacts are connected in series in an anode output loop of the power input unit and used for controlling an automatic centering power supply branch and manually controlling the on-off of the power supply branch.
  8. 8. The novel axle steering return system of claim 8 wherein one end of the normally open contact is connected to the positive output of the power input unit and the other end is connected to the positive branch of the manual control power supply branch for switching the manual control power supply branch to be powered by the normally open contact of the mode switch button when the mode switch button is depressed.
  9. 9. The novel axle steering return system according to claim 1, wherein the relay contact connection manner of the execution driving unit is: normally open contact of first relay: one end connects hydraulic motor the positive electrode of the power supply is turned left, the other end is connected with the negative electrode of the power input unit; normally open contact of the second relay: one end connects hydraulic motor the positive pole of the power supply is turned right, the other end is connected with the negative electrode of the power input unit; the coil control ends of the first relay and the second relay are connected to the automatic return power supply branch or the positive branch of the manual control power supply branch through corresponding isolation diodes.
  10. 10. The novel axle steering return system of claim 1 wherein the power input unit includes a fuse connected in series in the positive input circuit of the power input unit upstream of the mode switch button for limiting the device operating current for over-current protection.

Description

Novel axle turns to system in back Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle chassis control, in particular to a novel axle steering centering system. Background The rear wheel steering system of the vehicle is a key functional component of chassis systems of engineering vehicles (such as loaders and excavators), agricultural vehicles (such as tractors and combine harvesters), the automatic centering function of the rear wheel steering system directly determines the stability of straight running of the vehicle and the convenience of operation of a driver, and the service life of chassis components such as tires, steering rods, hydraulic cylinders and the like, if the wheels cannot be automatically corrected after steering, the burden of continuously adjusting the steering wheel of the driver can be increased, the tire bias wear and fatigue damage of a steering mechanism caused by long-term biasing force can be caused, and the running safety of the vehicle is even influenced. The existing automatic steering and returning technology of the rear wheel is mainly divided into two major types of electronic type and mechanical type, but the technology has the remarkable defects that the core requirements of low cost, high reliability and easy maintenance of engineering and agricultural vehicles cannot be met: 1. Electronic automatic centering system Typical constructions include steering angle sensors (e.g., hall sensors, potentiometers), electronic Control Units (ECU), hydraulic/electric actuators, and signal processing circuits. The working principle is that the sensor detects the steering angle of the wheels in real time and transmits the steering angle to the ECU, and the ECU judges the wheel bias state through a preset program and controls the executing mechanism to drive the wheels to rotate. However, limitations of such systems are prominent: the cost is high, the development cost of the ECU, the high-precision sensor and the customized program accounts for 30-50% of the total cost of the steering system, and the cost performance of the steering system is extremely low for price sensitive engineering and agricultural vehicles; The reliability is poor, the complex electronic circuit is easy to be interfered by electromagnetic interference (such as electromagnetic pulse of an engine ignition system and voltage fluctuation when a motor is started) during running of a vehicle, so that sensor signal drift, ECU logic confusion and even complete failure of the system are caused; the maintenance is difficult, the fault investigation needs professional diagnosis equipment, the program update needs to be returned to factories or professional technicians to operate, and the system cannot adapt to the scene of lack of maintenance resources in rural areas of engineering vehicles. 2. Mechanical automatic centering device The steering knuckle and the sliding block are connected through a flexible cable, the sliding block slides along the linear guide rail and compresses the return spring, and the spring force drives the sliding block to reset after the steering force disappears, so that the turning wheel is driven to rotate. However, the disadvantages of mechanical devices are likewise evident: Abrasion and clamping stagnation, namely abrasion is easy to occur due to long-term friction of mechanical transmission parts (such as connection points of a sliding block and a guide rail and connection points of a flexible cable and a claw), and impurities such as soil, dust and the like invade to cause the clamping stagnation of a mechanism and failure of a return function; The response is lagged, namely the return speed is low (usually several seconds or even longer) due to the inertia of the mechanical structure, so that the requirement of timely return after the vehicle turns rapidly can not be met; The adjustment is difficult, if the wheel returns to the middle position deviation (such as the pretightening force is reduced due to the fatigue of the spring), the chassis is disassembled to adjust the length of the spring or the position of the guide rail, the operation is complex, and the precision is difficult to ensure. 3. Loss of mode switching and logic control More critical, the existing automatic centering device is mostly in a single mode (only automatic or only manual), and lacks a flexible switching function of 'normal automatic centering + manual priority control': when the vehicle needs to manually adjust the wheel position (such as narrow space steering and fault emergency), the automatic centering function may conflict with manual operation (such as the automatic centering mechanism still tries to drive the wheel to be centered during manual steering); After switching to the manual mode, the convenience of automatic return is lost, and the requirements of 'automatic convenience' and 'manual controllability' cannot be met. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problem