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CN-122009422-A - Gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device and method for heavy-crane multipurpose ship

CN122009422ACN 122009422 ACN122009422 ACN 122009422ACN-122009422-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for a heavy-duty multipurpose ship, which comprises a watertight two deck unit, wherein the watertight two deck unit is of a hollow rectangular structure, the long side of the watertight two deck unit covers the width of the whole cargo hold, one corner of the watertight two deck unit is provided with a water injection port, when the watertight two deck unit is used as a two deck function, a plurality of watertight two deck units can be formed into two decks after being longitudinally spliced along the short side of the watertight two deck unit, when the watertight two deck unit is used as a gravity center reducing mode, the watertight two deck unit is flatly stacked at the bottom of the cargo hold above a bottom ballast tank along the long side after water injection is completed, and when the watertight two deck unit is used as a balance moment mode, the watertight two deck unit is flatly stacked at the bottom of the cargo hold above the bottom ballast tank along the short side and clings to a bulkhead at the opposite side of the heavy-duty multipurpose ship. The invention skillfully reforms the traditional non-watertight two-deck into the mobile ballast tank capable of quickly filling and draining water, and realizes the conversion from a single bearing function to a double function of bearing and gravity center adjustment.

Inventors

  • GAO JING
  • FENG SHUO
  • MA YOUYA
  • WANG YI
  • Hao Zizhuo

Assignees

  • 上海船舶研究设计院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260323

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for heavy-duty multipurpose ship is characterized in that: Comprises a watertight two deck unit (4); The watertight two deck units (4) are of hollow rectangular structures, the long sides of the watertight two deck units cover the width of the whole cargo hold, and one corner of each watertight two deck unit is provided with a water injection port (L); When the two-deck unit is used as a two-deck function, a plurality of watertight two-deck units (4) can form two decks after being longitudinally spliced along the short sides of the two-deck units; When the water-tight double deck unit is used as a gravity center lowering mode, the water-tight double deck unit (4) is flatly paved and stacked on the bottom of the cargo hold above the bottom ballast tank along the long side after water injection is completed; When the water-tight two-deck unit is used as a balance moment mode, the water-tight two-deck unit (4) is flatly paved and stacked on the bottom of the cargo hold above the bottom ballast tank along the short side after water injection is completed, and is closely attached to the bulkhead on the opposite side of the heavy crane.
  2. 2. The gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for a heavy-duty ship according to claim 1, wherein a fixed lock catch (7) is arranged on a bulkhead on the opposite side of the heavy-duty ship, and the watertight two deck units (4) are fixed with the bulkhead through the lock catch (7) after being laid on the bottom of the cargo hold above the bottom ballast tank.
  3. 3. The gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for the heavy-duty multi-purpose ship according to claim 1, wherein the watertight two deck units (4) are formed by welding steel plates, a watertight structure of a rectangular cavity is formed, a fixed pipeline (L5) is preset in the cavity, an inlet of the pipeline extends to the bottom of the cavity, a flaring is arranged at the tail end of the pipeline, the pipeline (L5) has the functions of water injection and water drainage, water flow is enabled to flow in from the bottom to reduce turbulence during water injection, water can be thoroughly pumped from the bottom during water drainage, and the pipeline (L5) is fixed on the inner wall of the cavity through a pipeline fixing bracket (L4).
  4. 4. A gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for a heavy-duty multipurpose ship according to claim 3, wherein a concave joint cavity (L2) is arranged on one side of the watertight two deck unit (4) and is used for arranging a pipeline (L5) in the two decks and a connecting device of a ship pipeline, a quick joint (L3) is arranged at the tail end of the pipeline (L5) and is used for connecting hoses from a cargo compartment side wall filling station, and an openable turning plate (L1) is arranged at the top of the joint cavity (L2).
  5. 5. The gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for heavy-duty multipurpose ships according to claim 1, wherein 2 buried manhole covers (4 a) for overhauling are arranged at the top of the watertight two deck unit (4), and are diagonally arranged, so that personnel can conveniently enter the cavity for inspection and maintenance.
  6. 6. The gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for heavy-duty multi-purpose ship according to claim 5, wherein 2 buried ventilation holes (4 c) are provided at the top of the watertight two deck unit (4), diagonally arranged. The embedded type ventilation holes (4 c) are recessed in the top plates of the two decks and do not protrude out of the top plates, damage to cargoes is avoided, a hinge (4 c 3) hinged with the flip (4 c 2) is arranged on one side of the embedded type ventilation holes, a locking device (4 c 1) is arranged on the other side of the embedded type ventilation holes, watertight is kept, the flip (4 c 2) is opened during water injection/drainage operation, and air pressure in the two decks is balanced.
  7. 7. The gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for the heavy-duty multi-purpose ship according to claim 5, wherein the watertight two deck units (4) are provided with depth measuring devices for measuring actual liquid levels in the two decks and calculating the weight of the two decks, the depth measuring heads (4 b 1) are flush with the tops, the tail ends of the depth measuring pipes are provided with anti-impact shroud plates (4 b 3) for protecting the bottom plates, the tail ends of the depth measuring pipes are provided with holes for allowing water to naturally flow in, and the side surfaces of the upper parts of the detection pipes are provided with ventilation holes (4 b 2).
  8. 8. The gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for a heavy-duty multipurpose vessel according to claim 1, wherein: A filling station (6) is arranged in the anti-transverse-inclination cabin on the side surface of the cargo hold and close to the middle position of the ship, and the filling station (6) is provided with an injection pipeline and a drainage pipeline, wherein the watertight two deck units (4) are concentrated at the filling station (6) and finish water injection through a flexible connecting hose; the flexible coupling hose is used for connecting the filling station with the quick butt joint and disassembly of the internal pipelines on the two deck units (4) in the cargo hold, and can adapt to the arrangement of the two deck units (4) on different bunkers and heights.
  9. 9. The gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for heavy-duty multi-purpose ship according to claim 1, further comprising a water injection system, a water drainage pump set: The water injection system is characterized in that the existing ballast pump system of the ship is utilized to suck outboard seawater from a seawater main pipe, the outboard seawater passes through a ballast water treatment device according to requirements, the ballast water is injected into the two decks, and a flowmeter is arranged on a water injection pipeline to monitor the water injection quantity in the two decks so as to prevent overflow after filling; The water draining pump set is one jet pump driven with the work water from fire-fighting system on ship to drain the ballast water from the two decks via siphon effect, one remote control valve on the work water pipeline to operate with the fire-fighting pump, and one flowmeter on the water pipeline to monitor the water amount.
  10. 10. A gravity center adjusting and moment balancing method for a heavy-crane multipurpose ship is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for a heavy-duty multipurpose vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the operating method comprising two core modes of operation: mode one, center of gravity lowering operation: S1, connecting a watertight two deck unit and a filling station by using a hose; s2, water injection, namely starting a ballast pump, injecting water into the watertight two deck units through a filling station and a multifunctional internal pipeline, and automatically exhausting the air holes in the water injection process; S3, the watertight two deck units are laid and stacked at the bottom of the cargo hold along the long sides, the added bottom weight effectively reduces the overall gravity center of the ship, and the inherent stability of the ship in hoisting operation is improved; s4, resetting, namely starting a jet pump after the operation is finished, and discharging water from the watertight two deck units to the outside; Mode two, balancing tilting moment operation method: s1', connecting the watertight two deck units with a filling station by using hoses; S2', water injection, namely starting a ballast pump, and injecting calculated ballast water into the watertight two deck units; s3', rotating the watertight two deck units by 90 degrees, arranging the watertight two deck units along the ship length direction, and placing the watertight two deck units in the opposite side area of the heavy crane in the ship cabin; S4', resetting, namely starting a jet pump after the operation is completed, and discharging water from the watertight two deck units to the outside.

Description

Gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device and method for heavy-crane multipurpose ship Technical Field The invention relates to a gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device and method for a heavy-crane multipurpose ship, and belongs to the technical field of ship design. Background When the heavy-duty crane is used for cargo loading and unloading, the heavy-duty multipurpose ship faces two core stability challenges: 1. When the heavy crane lifts the goods with huge mass, the whole gravity center of the ship is raised, the stability height is reduced, the swing period of the ship is shortened, and the stability reserve is reduced. 2. When the suspension arm laterally works, huge transverse tilting moment is generated, so that the ship tilts towards the operation side, and the operation safety and efficiency are affected. Traditional solutions and their drawbacks: For the center of gravity elevation, the center of gravity is usually lowered by filling ballast water in the bottom ballast tank of the ship. The method reduces the cargo capacity of the ship according to the heavy-load working condition due to the capacity of the ballast tank, and the limited ballast water capacity cannot meet the extreme hoisting load. For tipping moment, solid ballast is typically stacked in the contralateral cargo holds. The method is extremely complicated to operate, needs a large amount of manpower to carry and fix, occupies valuable cargo hold volume seriously, and reduces the economic benefit of the ship. The common problem is that the two traditional methods have single functions and cannot meet the double requirements of 'lowering the center of gravity' and 'balancing moment'. And are independent of the existing hull structure of the two decks, and the equipment on the ship cannot be fully utilized. In the prior art, two decks of the multipurpose ship are only used for separating cargo space, bear cargo space (see figure 1), are hollow non-watertight structures, and have fixed self weight and cannot be adjusted. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art by providing a device and a method for adjusting the centre of gravity and balancing the moment of a heavy-duty multipurpose vessel, to achieve: 1) The traditional non-watertight two-deck is skillfully transformed into a 'mobile ballast tank' capable of being rapidly filled and drained, so that the conversion from a single bearing function to a 'bearing-gravity center adjusting' function is realized; 2) The watertight two decks are arranged at the bottom of the cargo hold, so that the center of gravity of the ship is quickly lowered, and the watertight two decks are arranged at the opposite sides of the heavy crane, so that the efficient balance of the tilting moment is realized, and the double effects are realized; 3) The filling station is connected with the hose, so that water injection and water drainage are directly carried out on the two decks in the cargo hold, heavy operation of lifting the two decks out of the cargo hold is completely avoided, the working efficiency is greatly improved, and the purpose of simplifying operation is achieved. The invention adopts the following technical scheme: A gravity center adjusting and moment balancing device for a heavy-crane multipurpose ship comprises a watertight two-deck unit 4, wherein the watertight two-deck unit 4 is of a hollow rectangular structure, the long side of the watertight two-deck unit 4 covers the width of the whole cargo hold, a water injection port L is formed in one corner of the watertight two-deck unit, when the watertight two-deck unit is used as a two-deck unit, a plurality of watertight two-deck units 4 can be formed after being longitudinally spliced along the short side of the watertight two-deck unit, when the watertight two-deck unit is used as a gravity center reducing mode, the watertight two-deck unit 4 is flatly stacked on the bottom of the cargo hold above a bottom ballast tank along the long side after water injection is completed, and when the watertight two-deck unit is used as a balance moment mode, the watertight two-deck unit 4 is flatly stacked on the bottom of the cargo hold above the bottom ballast tank along the short side after water injection is completed and clings to a bulkhead on the opposite side of the heavy crane. Preferably, a fixed lock catch 7 is arranged on the bulkhead on the opposite side of the heavy crane, and the watertight two deck units 4 are flatly stacked on the bottom of the cargo hold above the bottom ballast tank and then fixed with the bulkhead through the lock catch 7. Preferably, the watertight two deck units 4 are formed by welding steel plates to form a watertight structure of a rectangular cavity, a fixed pipeline L5 is preset in the cavity, an inlet of the pipeline extends to the bottom of the cavity, a flaring is arranged at the tail end of the pipeline, the pipe