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CN-122009693-A - Explosion-proof pressure relief device of acetic anhydride storage tank

CN122009693ACN 122009693 ACN122009693 ACN 122009693ACN-122009693-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of acetic anhydride storage, and provides an explosion-proof pressure relief device of an acetic anhydride storage tank. The valve body comprises an outer valve seat and an inner valve seat, the inner valve seat is formed with a pressure relief cavity, and the valve core is slidably arranged in the pressure relief cavity. A spiral flow guide cavity is formed in the blocking block, a communication cavity is formed in the valve core, and a low-pressure cavity, a medium-pressure cavity and a high-pressure cavity which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top are formed between the valve core and the inner valve seat. The valve cover is internally provided with a gas-liquid separation cavity, the communication cavity is respectively communicated with the spiral diversion cavity and the low-pressure cavity, the high-pressure cavity is communicated with the gas-liquid separation cavity, the upper part of the valve cover is provided with an air outlet, the valve cover is radially provided with a liquid return pipe, the other end of the liquid return pipe is connected to the lower part of a feed inlet of the tank body, and the liquid return pipe is provided with a one-way valve. An elastic piece is arranged between the valve core and the valve cover, when the valve core moves from bottom to top, the elastic piece compresses and stores energy, and the low-pressure cavity is communicated with the medium-pressure cavity. The pressure relief device is adaptive to the gradient change of acetic anhydride storage pressure, and realizes stable and gentle pressure relief.

Inventors

  • DONG HONGYUN
  • JIN JUNJIE
  • LIU WEI
  • Zheng Junzhu
  • LI YONG
  • LI WANYONG

Assignees

  • 山东嘉驰新材料股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260325

Claims (9)

  1. 1. An anti-explosion pressure relief device for an acetic anhydride storage tank is characterized in that: The valve comprises a blocking block (2) arranged at the upper part of the tank body (1), a valve body (3) connected to the blocking block (2), a valve cover (4) sleeved on the valve body (3), and a valve core (5) arranged in the inner cavity of the valve body (3); The valve body (3) comprises an outer valve seat (31) and an inner valve seat, the inner valve seat is formed with a pressure relief cavity which is communicated in the height direction, and the valve core (5) is slidably arranged in the pressure relief cavity; A spiral diversion cavity (13) is formed in the blocking block (2), a communication cavity (58) is formed in the valve core (5), and a low-pressure cavity (6), a medium-pressure cavity (7) and a high-pressure cavity (8) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top are formed between the valve core (5) and the inner valve seat; The gas-liquid separation device is characterized in that a gas-liquid separation cavity (422) is formed in the valve cover (4), the communication cavity (58) is respectively communicated with the spiral flow guide cavity (13) and the low pressure cavity (6), the high pressure cavity (8) is communicated with the gas-liquid separation cavity (422), an air outlet (44) is formed in the upper portion of the valve cover (4), a liquid return pipe (43) for collecting liquid is radially arranged on the valve cover (4), the other end of the liquid return pipe (43) is connected to the lower portion of a feed inlet of the tank body (1), and a one-way valve (11) is arranged on the liquid return pipe (43); an elastic piece (12) is arranged between the valve core (5) and the valve cover (4), when the valve core (5) is driven by high-pressure fluid to move from bottom to top, the elastic piece (12) compresses and stores energy, the low-pressure cavity (6) is communicated with the medium-pressure cavity (7) first, when the valve core (5) continues to move upwards, the low-pressure cavity (6), the medium-pressure cavity (7) and the high-pressure cavity (8) are simultaneously communicated, and when the high-pressure fluid is depressurized, the elastic piece (12) releases energy to drive the valve core (5) to reset.
  2. 2. The acetic anhydride storage tank explosion-proof pressure relief device according to claim 1, wherein: The valve core (5) outer wall shaping has the cascaded sealed platform, the pressure release intracavity wall shaping have with sealed platform matched stepped seal face, low pressure chamber (6), well pressure chamber (7), high pressure chamber (8) by sealed platform with sealed face cooperation separates and forms.
  3. 3. The acetic anhydride storage tank explosion-proof pressure relief device according to claim 2, wherein: The tank body (1) is internally provided with a cavity arranged along with the shape, the blocking block (2) comprises a block body with a downward opening and a blocking plate for blocking the opening of the block body, the inner wall of the block body is provided with a spiral groove arranged from bottom to top, and the blocking plate and the block body are enclosed to form the spiral diversion cavity (13); The blocking plate is provided with a through circulation hole, and the circulation hole is communicated with the cavity and the spiral diversion cavity (13).
  4. 4. An acetic anhydride storage tank explosion-proof pressure relief device as defined in claim 3, wherein: the outer valve seat (31) comprises a mounting plate (311) and a cylinder (312) vertically connected to the mounting plate (311), wherein the cylinder (312) is formed into a cylindrical structure with a cavity; The inner valve seat comprises a top block (32), a first sealing block (33), a second sealing block (34), a third sealing block (35), a connecting block (36) and a bottom block (37) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the bottom block (37) is abutted against the upper side of the mounting plate (311), and the sealing surface is formed on the inner walls of the first sealing block (33) and the second sealing block (34).
  5. 5. An acetic anhydride storage tank explosion-proof pressure relief device as defined in claim 3, wherein: the valve core (5) comprises a guide section (51), a first conical section (52), a first sealing section (53), a second sealing section (54), a second conical section (55) and a third sealing section (56) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; When the valve core (5) is at an initial position, a low-pressure cavity (6) is formed between the second conical section (55) and the second sealing block (34) and between the second sealing block and the third sealing block (35), the second sealing section (54) is abutted to the first sealing block (33) and the second sealing block (34), a first sealing ring (9) is arranged at the joint of the first sealing block (33) and the second sealing block (34), and the first sealing ring (9) is used for limiting the low-pressure cavity (6) to be communicated with the medium-pressure cavity (7) when the valve core (5) is at the initial position.
  6. 6. The acetic anhydride storage tank explosion-proof pressure relief device according to claim 5, wherein: An annular cavity (331) is formed in the first sealing block (33), the annular cavity (331) and the second sealing section (54) form the medium pressure cavity (7), and the maximum diameter of the annular cavity (331) is larger than that of the pressure release cavity; When the valve core (5) is at an initial position, the first sealing section (53) and the second sealing section (54) are simultaneously abutted with the first sealing block (33); A second sealing ring (10) is arranged between the first sealing block (33) and the first sealing section (53), and the second sealing ring (10) is used for limiting the medium pressure cavity (7) to be communicated with the high pressure cavity (8) when the valve core (5) is at an initial position.
  7. 7. The acetic anhydride storage tank explosion-proof pressure relief device according to claim 6, wherein: A third conical section (57) is further arranged between the first sealing section (53) and the second sealing section (54), and the diameter of the third conical section (57) gradually becomes smaller from top to bottom.
  8. 8. The acetic anhydride storage tank explosion-proof pressure relief device according to claim 5, wherein: The second conical section (55) comprises an inverted conical section (551), a flow guiding section (552) and a positive conical section (553) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; The diameter of the flow guiding section (552) is minimum, the diameter of the back taper section (551) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the diameter of the front taper section (553) gradually increases from top to bottom; The slope of the back taper section (551) is larger than that of the front taper section (553), so that the valve core (5) obtains smaller pressure relief area in the initial opening stage and obtains larger pressure relief area in the main pressure relief stage.
  9. 9. The acetic anhydride storage tank explosion-proof pressure relief device according to claim 4, wherein: The valve cover (4) comprises a cap (41) and a positioning piece (42) which is screwed in the cap (41), wherein a spiral descending backflow channel (421) is formed in the positioning piece (42); A through cavity is formed in the top block (32), the lower part of the positioning piece (42) is inserted into the through cavity, the lower part of the through cavity is provided with the high-pressure cavity (8), the inner cavity in the positioning piece (42) is provided with the gas-liquid separation cavity (422), and the gas-liquid separation cavity (422) is divided into an air inlet buffer zone at the lower part and an air exhaust zone at the upper part; The middle part of the positioning piece (42) is also pivotally connected with a rotational flow plate (423), a plurality of through exhaust holes (4231) are formed in the rotational flow plate (423), and an outlet of the backflow channel (421) is communicated with the liquid return pipe (43); When the high-pressure fluid is sprayed into the air inlet buffer zone from the high-pressure cavity (8) at a high speed and impacts the cyclone plate (423), partial micro liquid drops carried by the gas phase pass through the air exhaust hole (4231) to enter the air exhaust zone, liquid drops impact on the cyclone plate (423) due to inertia and are impacted to the inner wall of the positioning piece (42) by the cyclone plate (423) to form a liquid film, and the liquid film flows into the liquid return pipe (43) through the backflow channel (421).

Description

Explosion-proof pressure relief device of acetic anhydride storage tank Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of acetic anhydride storage, in particular to an explosion-proof pressure relief device of an acetic anhydride storage tank. Background Acetic anhydride is an important organic chemical raw material, is widely applied to industries such as medicines, dyes, fragrances, plastics and the like, is colorless transparent liquid at normal temperature and normal pressure, and has volatility. In the storage process, acetic anhydride is stored by adopting a sealed storage tank, and is influenced by factors such as environmental temperature change, medium volatilization, micro chemical reaction in the tank and the like, the pressure in the tank is easy to fluctuate, and if the pressure exceeds the bearing limit of the storage tank, safety accidents such as explosion, leakage and the like can be caused. The traditional spring type safety valve or rupture disk is adopted in the existing explosion-proof pressure relief device of the storage tank. The acetic anhydride is easy to volatilize in the storage process, and a large amount of liquid is entrained during pressure relief, so that the direct discharge can cause material loss and environmental pollution. Meanwhile, in the acetic anhydride storage process, the pressure in the tank is not constant, but rather shows gradient change along with the change of the ambient temperature and the different volatilization amounts of the medium, in the pressure release process, when slight pressure fluctuation occurs in the tank, after the pressure release condition is reached, the pressure release channel is completely opened, a large amount of volatile acetic anhydride steam can be quickly leaked, precious medium loss is caused, and the leaked steam can be hydrolyzed with the moisture in the air to generate strong corrosive acetic acid, so that peripheral equipment and pipelines are corroded. When the pressure in the tank suddenly rises to high pressure, the effect of quickly releasing the high pressure in the tank cannot be realized by the existing pressure release mode, the pressure release speed is delayed from the pressure rising speed, and serious safety accidents such as explosion and leakage are easily caused by the fact that the pressure in the storage tank exceeds the bearing limit. In addition, the traditional relief valve is large in pressure impact at the moment of opening, valve core vibration and sealing surface damage are easy to cause, the pressure release process is unstable, and safety and stability are poor. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an anti-explosion pressure relief device for an acetic anhydride storage tank, which can adapt to the storage characteristic of acetic anhydride and the working condition of pressure gradient change, realize stable and gentle pressure relief and ensure the safety effect. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: An explosion-proof pressure relief device of an acetic anhydride storage tank comprises a blocking block arranged at the upper part of a tank body, a valve body connected to the blocking block, a valve cover sleeved on the valve body, and a valve core arranged in an inner cavity of the valve body; The valve body comprises an outer valve seat and an inner valve seat, wherein the inner valve seat is provided with a pressure release cavity penetrating in the height direction, the valve core is slidably arranged in the pressure release cavity, a spiral diversion cavity is formed in the blocking block, a communication cavity is formed in the valve core, a low-pressure cavity, a medium-pressure cavity and a high-pressure cavity which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top are formed between the valve core and the inner valve seat, a gas-liquid separation cavity is formed in the valve cover, the communication cavity is respectively communicated with the spiral diversion cavity and the low-pressure cavity, the high-pressure cavity is communicated with the gas-liquid separation cavity, an air outlet is formed in the upper part of the valve cover, a liquid return pipe for collecting liquid is radially arranged on the valve cover, and the other end of the liquid return pipe is connected to the lower part of a feed inlet of the tank body; an elastic piece is arranged between the valve core and the valve cover, when the valve core is driven by high-pressure fluid to move from bottom to top, the elastic piece compresses and stores energy, the low-pressure cavity is communicated with the medium-pressure cavity first, when the valve core continues to move upwards, the low-pressure cavity, the medium-pressure cavity and the high-pressure cavity are simultaneously communicated, and when the high-pressure fluid is depressurized, the elastic piece releases energy to drive the valve core to reset. Fur