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CN-122010088-A - Method for producing hard carbon and green methanol by synergic action of solid waste of biomass carried by moso bamboo

CN122010088ACN 122010088 ACN122010088 ACN 122010088ACN-122010088-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for producing hard carbon and green methanol by utilizing the cooperation of solid waste of biomass carried by moso bamboos. The method comprises the steps of separating moso bamboo into bamboo green strips, bamboo flesh and bamboo joints, selling the bamboo green strips, preparing the high-performance sodium ion battery hard carbon anode material from the bamboo flesh by a full physical method comprising high-pressure instantaneous pressure relief wall breaking, deep physical impurity removal, anaerobic pyrolysis, high-temperature high-pressure negative pressure modification and carbon deposition, crushing and pyrolyzing the bamboo joints and biomass solid waste to generate synthetic gas, and synthesizing the synthetic gas and hydrogen prepared by electrolysis of water of renewable energy sources into green methanol. The system integrates five subsystems of raw material treatment, hard carbon preparation, hydrogen production, green alcohol synthesis and resource circulation, and recycles the tail gas of hard carbon production and the incineration flue gas of organic waste residues as a green alcohol synthesis supplemental carbon source, prepares organic bacterial manure by bamboo vinegar fermentation, recycles waste water and bricks by ash residues, thereby realizing the differentiated high-value utilization of Mao Zhuquan components and biomass solid waste and near-zero emission green production.

Inventors

  • WANG YOUGANG
  • LIN JIE
  • LIN JINXIU
  • TAO RUIJIE

Assignees

  • 宁德市森纳科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260130

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The method for producing the hard carbon and the green methanol by the synergistic effect of the solid waste of the biomass carried by the moso bamboo is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, raw material treatment and division, namely providing moso bamboo and biomass solid waste raw materials; Separating the moso bamboo into green bamboo strips, bamboo flesh and bamboo joints; The bamboo green strips are directly sold; the bamboo flesh is used for preparing hard carbon anode materials; The bamboo joints are mixed with the biomass solid waste raw materials and are used for preparing green methanol; S2, preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material by taking the bamboo pulp obtained in the step S1 as a raw material and adopting a physical method process; s3, preparing green methanol: S3-1, preparing synthetic gas, namely mixing bamboo joints obtained in the step S1 with biomass solid waste raw materials, crushing, granulating, drying, putting into a water gas shift pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, cooling generated gas through a condenser, separating bamboo vinegar liquid and biomass oil, and separating non-condensable gas into synthetic gas containing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen through a pressure swing adsorption device; S3-2, supplementing hydrogen, namely providing an electrolyzed water hydrogen production system driven by renewable energy power, wherein the hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen tank; s3-3, synthesizing the green alcohol, namely introducing the synthesis gas obtained in the step S3-1 and the hydrogen supplemented in the step S3-2 into a green alcohol synthesis system together, and preparing the green methanol under the action of a catalyst.
  2. 2. The method for producing hard carbon and green methanol by utilizing the moso bamboo-carried biomass solid waste in a synergistic way, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the physical method process in the step S2 is used for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material, and specifically comprises the following steps: S2-1, performing high-pressure instantaneous pressure relief and wall breaking, namely cutting the bamboo pulp obtained in the step S1 into bamboo pulp blocks, then placing the bamboo pulp blocks in an environment filled with high-pressure gas of 5-10MPa, and performing pressure maintaining and then performing instantaneous pressure relief within 8 milliseconds to obtain pretreated bamboo pulp blocks; S2-2, preparing fiber bundles and deeply removing impurities, namely processing the pretreated bamboo meat blocks into bamboo fiber bundles by a hammer silk machine, and then cleaning by high-speed fly cutter cutting and water/gas cooperation; s2-3, refining and forming, namely sequentially carrying out hydraulic pulping, pressure screening, filter pressing dehydration, drying and granulation on the cleaned material to obtain fine bamboo wood fiber particles; s2-4, performing anaerobic pyrolysis to form a precursor, namely pyrolyzing the fine bamboo wood fiber particles in an anaerobic pyrolysis furnace at 700-850 ℃ to obtain a hard carbon precursor; S2-5, high-temperature high-pressure and negative pressure modification, namely placing the hard carbon precursor into a high-temperature high-pressure main body furnace, and sequentially carrying out high-temperature high-pressure densification treatment and high-temperature negative pressure pore regulation treatment to obtain a modified precursor; S2-6, crushing, grading and carbon deposition, namely crushing, crushing and grading the modified precursor, and then introducing carbon source gas into chemical vapor deposition equipment under the high-temperature micro-negative pressure condition for carrying out surface carbon deposition for 3.5-4 hours; s2-7, compounding a hard carbon anode material; wherein, steps S2-5, S2-6 and S2-7 are continuously completed in the dust-free workshop.
  3. 3. The method for co-producing hard carbon and green methanol by using the solid waste biomass carried by moso bamboo as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid waste biomass raw material is at least one of waste fungus sticks, straw, branches or shells.
  4. 4. The method for producing hard carbon and green methanol by utilizing the solid waste of the moso bamboo-carried biomass, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the bamboo vinegar liquid condensed and separated in the step S3-1 is conveyed to a fermentation system, strains are added for fermentation, and the fermentation product is used as a raw material of the composite liquid organic bacterial fertilizer.
  5. 5. The method for co-producing hard carbon and green methanol by using the solid waste of the moso bamboo-carried biomass, as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that the biomass oil condensed and separated in the step S3-1 is filtered, and the clean biomass oil is used as a heating fuel for pyrolysis and/or modification equipment in a water gas shift pyrolysis furnace and/or a hard carbon production process.
  6. 6. The method for co-producing hard carbon and green methanol by using the solid waste of the biomass carried by moso bamboo according to claim 2 is characterized by further comprising the steps of recycling: and (3) collecting and conveying the mixed gas A of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen generated by anaerobic pyrolysis in the step S2-4 and high-temperature high-pressure negative pressure modification in the step S2-5 and hydrogen generated by carbon deposition in the step S2-6 to the condenser, and treating the mixed gas A and the hydrogen and then entering the green alcohol synthesis system.
  7. 7. The method for producing hard carbon and green methanol by utilizing the solid waste of the biomass carried by moso bamboo according to claim 1 is characterized by further comprising the following recycling steps: Cleaning and draining workshops generated in a hard carbon anode material preparation workshop, a green methanol preparation workshop and an organic bacterial fertilizer preparation workshop, and intensively introducing into a sedimentation tank for treatment; Delivering the sediment generated by precipitation into an incinerator for incineration; the supernatant fluid treated by the sedimentation tank is purified and then reused for cleaning workshops of each workshop; the solid waste residue generated by the incinerator is used for manufacturing aerated bricks.
  8. 8. The method for co-producing hard carbon and green methanol from solid waste of phyllostachys pubescens as claimed in claim 7, wherein the biomass oil obtained by condensation and separation in the step S3-1 is filtered, and the filtered filter residue is sent into an incinerator for incineration.
  9. 9. The method for coproducing hard carbon and green methanol from solid waste of biomass carried by moso bamboo according to claim 8, wherein the mixed gas B generated by burning in the incinerator is collected and conveyed to the condenser, and after separation treatment, is collected into the green alcohol synthesis system to be used as a supplementary source of synthesis gas; the mixed gas B contains carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
  10. 10. The method for co-producing hard carbon and green methanol by using the solid waste of the biomass carried by moso bamboo according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3-1, the non-condensable gas is subjected to heat exchange through a gas-steam exchanger, then particles are removed through a cyclone dust removal system, and then enters the pressure swing adsorption device.

Description

Method for producing hard carbon and green methanol by synergic action of solid waste of biomass carried by moso bamboo Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of high-value comprehensive utilization of biomass resources and preparation of clean energy materials, in particular to a systematic method for integrally producing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery and green methanol by carrying out cooperative treatment on moso bamboos and biomass solid wastes. Background Currently, the preparation of hard carbon materials is mainly focused on biomass precursors (e.g., coconut shells, bamboo, straw) and synthetic polymer precursors (e.g., phenolic resins). Taking bamboo with wide sources and rapid growth as an example, it has been widely studied as an ideal carbon precursor. In the prior art, the preparation method of bamboo-based hard carbon generally involves a complex chemical treatment process. For example, chinese patent No. CN119560508a discloses a "bamboo-based hard carbon sodium-electricity negative electrode material and a preparation method", which uses a dilute acid solution for vacuum impregnation, a solvothermal acidolysis reaction for ash removal and impurity removal, and then uses the steps of pre-carbonization, spark plasma sintering, chemical vapor deposition and the like to prepare hard carbon. Although the method tries to solve the problems of ash removal and structure regulation, the core heterocyclic ring removal is seriously dependent on chemical reagents such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and the like, a large amount of acid-base wastewater is inevitably generated, and serious environmental protection pressure and high post-treatment cost are brought. In addition, the process flow is long, the energy consumption is high, and the electrochemical stability of the material can be influenced by the residue of chemical reagents. Another mainstream technology is to use phenolic resin or imported coconut shell and to prepare hard carbon by compounding with strong chemical activators such as KOH, znCl 2, etc. The method has high raw material cost (such as coconut shell is required to be imported), pollution waste liquid is generated in the chemical activation process, the environmental protection treatment cost can account for 15% -20% of the production cost, and meanwhile, chemical residues easily cause low first coulomb efficiency (often lower than 85%) and short cycle life of the product. On the other hand, green methanol is an important direction for achieving carbon circulation and hydrogen energy storage as a recognized "liquid sunlight" energy carrier. The ideal synthesis path is the catalytic synthesis of green hydrogen prepared by using renewable energy to electrolyze water and captured carbon dioxide. However, this path faces challenges such as high carbon dioxide source cost, large capture energy consumption, complex hydrogen-to-carbon ratio adjustment, and the like. Synthesis of green alcohol from synthesis gas (CO, CO 2、H2) produced by pyrolysis and gasification of biomass with supplemental green hydrogen is a potential alternative route. However, the synthesis gas prepared by traditional biomass gasification has complex components, multiple impurities, high purification cost, and the energy efficiency and economic benefit of the system are to be improved. In addition, in the agricultural production process, a large amount of biomass solid waste such as straw, waste fungus sticks, and the like is generated. Most of the wastes are simply burned or buried at present, which not only causes resource waste, but also causes environmental pollution. How to realize the high-valued and full-quantitative utilization of the wastes is a common difficulty facing the industry. In summary, the following prominent problems exist in the prior art: 1) The green and low-cost preparation process of the high-performance hard carbon material has not been broken through yet, the pollution of a chemical method is heavy, the impurity removal of a physical method is not thorough, and the structure regulation and control are difficult; 2) The synthesis of green methanol faces the challenges of high carbon source cost and low system integration level; 3) The moso bamboo and various biomass solid wastes lack systematic classification, classification and high-value utilization schemes, and the resource utilization rate is low; 4) The production processes are mutually independent, closed loops for recycling substances and energy cannot be formed, the overall energy consumption and the material consumption are high, and the environment friendliness is not enough. Therefore, the development of the integrated method and the system which can cooperatively convert the whole components of the moso bamboo and the solid waste of the biomass, synchronously produce the high-performance hard carbon material and the green methanol and realize near zero emission in the w