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CN-122010197-A - Method for synthesizing ternary positive electrode material precursor of lithium ion battery by using solid state method

CN122010197ACN 122010197 ACN122010197 ACN 122010197ACN-122010197-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing a ternary positive electrode material precursor of a lithium ion battery by using a solid state method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) taking solid metal salt and solid alkali, adding the solid metal salt and the solid alkali into mixing equipment at the temperature of 0-550 ℃, continuously stirring to induce solid reaction to obtain a precipitate, wherein the mass ratio of the solid alkali to the solid metal salt is 1:1-10:1, the mixing time is 5min-100h, (2) transferring the precipitate obtained in the step (1) into a heating furnace, performing heat treatment at the temperature of 30-900 ℃ to obtain an initial precursor, and the heat treatment time is 5min-100h, (3) taking the initial precursor obtained in the step (2), washing, filtering and drying the initial precursor by deionized water to obtain the ternary positive electrode material precursor of the lithium ion battery. The invention solves the technical problems of complex operation, high control requirement, high cost of the solid state synthesis route of the transition metal oxide and poor material uniformity of the traditional liquid state coprecipitation method.

Inventors

  • CHEN SHANHU
  • XIA LIANGHUI
  • ZHU MEIHUA
  • HE WENJING
  • ZHOU SILIN
  • TANG YUNFU

Assignees

  • 江苏正旭企新材料有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260114

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The method for synthesizing the ternary cathode material precursor of the lithium ion battery by using the solid state method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Taking solid metal salt and solid alkali, adding the solid metal salt and the solid alkali into mixing equipment at the temperature of 0-550 ℃, and continuously stirring to induce the solid reaction to obtain a precipitate; The mass ratio of the solid alkali to the solid metal salt is 1:1 to 10:1, and the mixing time is 5min-100h; (2) Transferring the precipitate obtained in the step (1) into a heating furnace, and performing heat treatment at the temperature of 30-900 ℃ to obtain an initial precursor, wherein the heat treatment time is 5min-100h; (3) And (3) washing, filtering and drying the initial precursor obtained in the step (2) by using deionized water to obtain the ternary positive electrode material precursor of the lithium ion battery.
  2. 2. The method for synthesizing a ternary cathode material precursor for a lithium ion battery by using a solid state method according to claim 1, wherein the mixing equipment in the step (1) is a stirred tank, a mixer, a pulverizer, a ball mill or a sand mill.
  3. 3. The method for synthesizing a ternary positive electrode material precursor of a lithium ion battery by using a solid state method according to claim 1, wherein the solid state metal salt in the step (1) uses metal elements of Ni, co, mn or Al as main components; the solid alkali is sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, urea, oxalic acid, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate or mixture thereof.
  4. 4. The method of synthesizing a ternary positive electrode material precursor for a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the two materials can be combined if the temperatures in step (1) and step (2) are the same.
  5. 5. The method for synthesizing a ternary positive electrode material precursor for a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the solid base is added to the solid metal salt, the solid metal salt is added to the solid base, or both of them are added to the mixing device.
  6. 6. The method for synthesizing a ternary positive electrode material precursor for a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein heating conditions are provided during the mixing in the step (1) to better promote solid state precipitation reaction.
  7. 7. The method for synthesizing a ternary positive electrode material precursor of a lithium ion battery by using a solid state method according to claim 1, wherein in the mixing process in the step (2), an atmosphere of nitrogen is introduced to exclude interference of oxygen.

Description

Method for synthesizing ternary positive electrode material precursor of lithium ion battery by using solid state method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a method for synthesizing a ternary positive electrode material precursor of a lithium ion battery by using a solid state method. Background The synthesis of the ternary cathode material of the synthesized lithium ion battery is generally prepared by a two-step method, namely, firstly, synthesizing a hydroxide or carbonate precursor by using a transition metal sulfate solution such as nickel, cobalt, manganese and the like, a sodium hydroxide precipitant and an ammonia water complexing agent, then, introducing a lithium source, and then, preparing the ternary cathode material by a high-temperature solid phase method. The transition metal sulfate precursor has low cost, but the operation process of synthesizing the ternary precursor by a liquid coprecipitation method is complex, and the feeding speed of a metal salt solution, the feeding speed of a precipitant, the feeding speed of a complexing agent, the rotating speed of a stirrer, the precipitation pH and the reaction temperature need to be strictly controlled. For example, in the patents CN202310002191.4 and CN201711242826.9, nickel cobalt manganese sulfate solution, precipitant sodium hydroxide and ammonia complexing agent are used as precursors, and the high nickel ni0.83co0.06mn0.11 (OH) 2 precursor is synthesized by liquid precipitation method, and in the precipitation process, the solution concentration, reaction temperature, pH and granularity need to be precisely controlled. The patent CN202011502737.5 and the patent CN201910289498.0 adopt transition metal oxide and lithium source, ball milling and mixing are carried out, and single crystal high nickel ternary anode materials are synthesized through high temperature roasting, so that the method has the advantages of simple synthesis process, obviously higher oxide precursor cost than sulfate precursor, and poor uniformity of the formed ternary anode materials compared with a coprecipitation method, so that a solid state synthesis route of the transition metal oxide is not applied on a large scale. In view of the high cost pressure of the existing high-nickel ternary cathode material, a preparation method of the precursor of the ternary cathode material of the lithium ion battery, which has low cost, simple operation and excellent performance compared with the traditional liquid precipitation method, needs to be developed. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a method for synthesizing a ternary positive electrode material precursor of a lithium ion battery by using a solid state method, which solves the technical problems of complex operation, high control requirement, high cost of a solid state synthesis route of transition metal oxide and poor material uniformity of the traditional liquid state coprecipitation method. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for synthesizing a ternary positive electrode material precursor of a lithium ion battery by using a solid state method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Taking solid metal salt and solid alkali, adding the solid metal salt and the solid alkali into mixing equipment at the temperature of 0-550 ℃, and continuously stirring to induce the solid reaction to obtain a precipitate; The mass ratio of the solid alkali to the solid metal salt is 1:1 to 10:1, and the mixing time is 5min-100h; (2) Transferring the precipitate obtained in the step (1) into a heating furnace, and performing heat treatment at the temperature of 30-900 ℃ to obtain an initial precursor, wherein the heat treatment time is 5min-100h; (3) And (3) washing, filtering and drying the initial precursor obtained in the step (2) by using deionized water to obtain the ternary positive electrode material precursor of the lithium ion battery. Further, the mixing equipment in the step (1) is a stirred tank, a mixer, a pulverizer, a ball mill or a sand mill. Further, the solid metal salt in the step (1) uses metal elements of Ni, co, mn or Al as main components; the solid alkali is sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, urea, oxalic acid, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate or mixture thereof. Further, if the temperatures in step (1) and step (2) are the same, the two may be combined. Further, in the mixing in the step (1), the solid base may be added to the solid metal salt, the solid metal salt may be added to the solid base, or both may be added to the mixing apparatus. Further, during the mixing in said step (1), heating conditions are provided to perform to better promote the solid state precipitation reaction. Further, in the mixing process in the step (2), an atmosphere of nitrogen is introduced to exclude interference of ox