CN-122010221-A - Hydrophilic substrate and TiN composite photo-thermal conversion material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a photo-thermal conversion material compounded by a hydrophilic substrate and TiN, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solar photo-thermal conversion materials. The material comprises a hydrophilic substrate, tiN nano particles loaded on the surface of the substrate and asphalt serving as an adhesive, and is prepared by immersing the substrate in impregnating solution containing asphalt and TiN, and draining and drying the impregnating solution. Asphalt is used as a TiN adhesive for the first time, and the high-efficiency load of TiN is realized by an impregnation method, wherein the load is 14% -96%, and the maximum is 95.8%. Asphalt has the functions of adhesion and photo-thermal conversion, and has synergistic effect with TiN, and the evaporation rate reaches 1.028 kg.m ‑2 •h ‑1 . The impregnating solution is added with a surfactant, so that the loading capacity and the evaporation performance can be further improved. The material still maintains excellent evaporation rate to 1.0 mol/L CaCl 2 high-concentration divalent salt wastewater, and has stable performance for 7 days continuously. The preparation method does not need high-temperature carbonization, freeze drying and surface modification, and has the advantages of extremely simple process, low cost and environmental protection. The material can be applied to the fields of solar drive interface evaporation, sea water desalination, salt-containing wastewater treatment and the like.

Inventors

• GUO GUOQING
• FANG JIAN
• WANG GUANGBIN
• ZHOU MENG
• LIANG YONGMIN
• ZHAO YONGQING
• NIU FANG

Assignees

• 中盐吉兰泰氯碱化工有限公司
• 兰州大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260212

Claims (10)

1. 1. The light-heat conversion material is characterized by comprising a hydrophilic substrate, tiN nano particles loaded on the surface of the hydrophilic substrate and asphalt, wherein the asphalt is used as an adhesive to adhere the TiN nano particles to the surface of the hydrophilic substrate; The photothermal conversion material is prepared by dipping a hydrophilic substrate in dipping liquid containing asphalt and TiN nano particles, and draining and drying the dipping liquid.
2. 2. The photothermal conversion material of claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic substrate is at least one of cotton yarn, cotton cloth, or sponge.
3. 3. The photothermal conversion material according to claim 1, wherein a mass ratio of the asphalt to the TiN nanoparticles is 2.5:1 to 4.5:1.
4. 4. A photothermal conversion material according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of pitch to TiN nanoparticles is 3.25:1.
5. 5. The photothermal conversion material according to claim 1, wherein a total loading of the TiN nanoparticles and the asphalt on the hydrophilic substrate is 14% -96% in mass percent.
6. 6. The photothermal conversion material according to claim 5, wherein a total loading amount of the TiN nanoparticles and the asphalt on the hydrophilic substrate is 30% -70%.
7. 7. The photothermal conversion material of claim 1, further comprising a surfactant, wherein the surfactant is supported on a surface of the hydrophilic substrate.
8. 8. The photothermal conversion material of claim 7, wherein the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfonate.
9. 9. A method for preparing the photothermal conversion material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of: (1) Dissolving asphalt and TiN nano particles in an organic solvent, and uniformly mixing to obtain an impregnating solution; (2) Dipping a hydrophilic substrate in the dipping liquid for 20-60 min, so that the asphalt-TiN compound is loaded on the surface of the substrate; (3) Taking out the immersed substrate, draining off excessive liquid, and drying for 1-4 hours at 50-80 ℃ to obtain a photothermal conversion material; optionally, repeating the step (2) and the step (3) for 1-3 times.
10. 10. The use of the photothermal conversion material according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the photothermal conversion material prepared by the method according to claim 9 in solar driven interface evaporation.

Description

Hydrophilic substrate and TiN composite photo-thermal conversion material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photothermal conversion materials, and particularly relates to a photothermal conversion material based on a hydrophilic substrate and TiN composite, a preparation method thereof and application of the material in solar drive interface evaporation, sea water desalination and salt-containing wastewater treatment. Background The solar drive interface photo-thermal evaporation technology utilizes photo-thermal materials to absorb solar energy and convert the solar energy into heat energy, so that the local heating and evaporation of water are realized. The technology does not need extra energy consumption and does not depend on large-scale infrastructure, and has wide application prospect in the fields of sea water desalination, industrial wastewater treatment, emergency drinking water supply and the like. The performance of the photo-thermal evaporation material is a core factor for determining the practicability of the technology, and the ideal photo-thermal material has the characteristics of wide spectrum, high absorption, high-efficiency photo-thermal conversion, good hydrophilicity/water delivery performance, stable mechanical and chemical properties, low cost, easy large-scale preparation and the like. Titanium nitride (TiN) is a ceramic material with a surface plasmon resonance effect, has a broad spectrum absorption characteristic in a solar spectrum range, has high photo-thermal conversion efficiency, and has remarkably reduced TiN cost and better chemical stability compared with noble metal plasmon materials such as gold, silver and the like, and has become one of research hot spots in the field of photo-thermal evaporation. Currently, there are numerous studies and reports about TiN-based photothermal evaporation materials. For example, CN119075847B discloses a TiN/polyimide aerogel photo-thermal evaporator, which adopts a unidirectional freezing method to construct polyimide aerogel with vertical through holes as a substrate, loads TiN nanoparticles, and utilizes the Hofmeister effect to increase the evaporation rate in the sea water desalination process. However, the method involves multi-step complex processes such as polyimide precursor synthesis, unidirectional freezing, freeze drying, high-temperature thermal annealing and the like, has high equipment requirements, long preparation period and large energy consumption, and limits the large-scale production and popularization and application of the method. CN110398077a discloses a solar steam generating material with a TiN/carbon foam composite double-layer structure, which takes carbonized natural wood as a substrate and loads TiN nano particles by a coating method. Although the material has good photo-thermal evaporation performance, the carbon foam substrate needs to be subjected to high-temperature carbonization treatment (more than 320 ℃), the substrate source is limited by the microstructure of natural wood, the loading amount of a coating method is low, and the high-efficiency utilization of the TiN component is difficult to realize. CN119711160a and CN116463108a disclose a photothermal material of TiN supported on cotton fabric and polyurethane sponge, respectively. The CN119711160A loads TiN on the cotton fabric by adopting a spraying method, and obtains a super-hydrophobic surface through PDMS and Janus particle modification, wherein the application scene is anti-icing/deicing rather than interfacial evaporation, and the CN116463108A loads polydopamine coated TiN on the polyurethane sponge by adopting a self-assembly method, and also constructs the super-hydrophobic surface by using PDMS for crude oil adsorption. Both patents pursue the super-hydrophobic characteristic of the substrate, and are contrary to the hydrophilic water delivery requirement required by interface evaporation, and meanwhile, the adopted PDMS/PDA modification, self-assembly and other process steps are complicated, and the technical scheme for realizing high TiN load by using an inexpensive adhesive is not involved. In summary, the existing TiN-based photothermal materials have the common technical bottlenecks of (1) complex substrate preparation or modification process, high energy consumption and high cost, (2) the TiN loading mode is mostly spraying, coating and self-assembly, the loading capacity is limited, and the bonding force is required to be enhanced by depending on chemical modifiers such as PDMS, PDA and the like, (3) the material design is focused on the superhydrophobic function, contradiction exists between the superhydrophobic function and the hydrophilism and high-efficiency water transmission performance required by interfacial evaporation, and (4) a simple process path for realizing high-loading and strong-bonding of TiN on the surface of hydrophilic fabrics