CN-122010291-A - Preparation method of degradable biological filler, and product and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of degradable biological filler, a product and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment. The technical problems to be solved are that the existing biological filler is not friendly to the environment, is slow to start, is inconvenient to store and transport, and has poor metabolic activity and system stability. The technical scheme is characterized in that the gel method immobilized microorganism technology and the degradable hydrophilic three-dimensional porous matrix are integrated into the system. The microorganism is efficiently and in situ immobilized inside the hydrogel network by using a gel method. The prepared biological filler can be stored and transported in a light and stable dry state by mild drying and sealed packaging, and when the biological filler is used, only simple clear water is needed for re-soaking, microorganisms sealed in gel can be quickly recovered, and the biological filler immediately shows metabolic activity, so that the engineering practical value of the filler is greatly improved, and a novel material and technical support with great prospect are provided for in-situ, efficient and green treatment of dispersed domestic sewage.

Inventors

• FENG HUAJUN
• DING YANGCHENG
• Lou chenxuan
• LIANG YUXIANG
• YE FANGFANG
• ZENG XIN
• ZHOU JUNDE
• WANG XINGHANG
• Jiang Maonan
• YANG PANLIN

Assignees

• 浙江农林大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260306

Claims (10)

1. 1. A method for preparing a degradable biological filler, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Soaking the substrate in water, and drying to constant weight to obtain a material 1; (2) Soaking the material 1 in CaCl 2 solution, taking out and extruding to obtain a material 2; (3) Mixing the sludge with sodium alginate and adding water to obtain a solution 1; (4) Immediately immersing the material 2 into the solution 1, and fully immersing to obtain a material 3; (5) Soaking the material 3 in water, and then drying to obtain the degradable biological filler, wherein the degradable biological filler is required to be stored in a sealing way; The concentration of the CaCl 2 solution in the step (2) is 0.5-2%; The concentration of sludge in the solution 1 in the step (3) is 3-9g . L -1 , and the concentration of sodium alginate is 1-4%.
2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate of step (1) is selected from one or more of konjac glucomannan-based material, chitosan-based material, and cellulose-based material.
3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate of step (1) is a konjac glucomannan-based material.
4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying in step (5) is carried out at a temperature of 35 to 60 ℃ for a time of 5 to 10 hours.
5. 5. A degradable biological filler prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. 6. Use of a degradable biological filler prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 4 in dispersed domestic sewage restoration.
7. 7. A method for repairing dispersed domestic sewage, which is characterized in that the method is realized by adopting the degradable biological filler prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-4.
8. 8. The method according to claim 7, comprising the steps of: s1, putting the degradable biological filler in water for re-foaming to obtain a re-foamed degradable biological filler B; S2, putting the re-soaked degradable biological filler B into an aerobic tank of domestic sewage; S3, adding an additional carbon source into the aerobic tank, and continuously culturing; S4, after stopping adding the additional carbon source, switching to normal wastewater to be treated for treatment.
9. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the time of the double bubbling in the step S1 is 3-24 hours, and the input ratio of the biological filler B in the step S2 is 20-30%.
10. 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the COD concentration of the culture in step S3 is 300-600mg . L -1 , the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture is 1.5-4.0mg . L -1 , and the culture time is 2-10 days.

Description

Preparation method of degradable biological filler, and product and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a degradable biological filler, a product and application thereof. Background With the acceleration of urban process and the deep promotion of 'beautiful village' construction in China, the effective treatment of dispersed domestic sewage has become a major topic to be solved in the field of environmental protection. Different from large-scale urban sewage treatment plants, the distributed sewage source (such as rural villages, tourist attractions, independent communities and the like) has the characteristics of dispersed discharge points, large fluctuation of water quantity and water quality, high pipe network construction cost, deficient professional operation and maintenance forces and the like. These characteristics make conventional centralized wastewater treatment processes very challenging in terms of technical economics, and often difficult to apply directly. Currently, for the treatment of decentralized domestic sewage, mainstream technologies include septic tanks, constructed wetlands, biological contact oxidation methods, moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBR), sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR), and the like. The MBBR has remarkable application potential due to the advantages of high biomass, strong impact load resistance, no need of sludge backflow and the like. The technology is characterized in that the biological filler provides stable interfaces and spaces for the attachment, growth and metabolism of microorganisms, and the starting speed, the running stability and the final treatment effect of the sewage treatment system are directly determined by the quality of the filler performance. However, the existing biological fillers have a series of technical bottlenecks when applied to a decentralized domestic sewage treatment scenario. Firstly, the materials are mostly non-degradable high molecular polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene and the like, secondary pollution is easy to cause in long-term operation, and the disposal of waste fillers also brings additional environmental burden and operation and maintenance cost, which is contrary to the sustainable concept of green. Secondly, the surface biological inertia of the fillers is strong, so that the starting period of microbial film formation is long and easy to run off in the initial stage, and the requirements of quick response of a distributed treatment facility are difficult to adapt. In addition, in the aspects of convenience in storage, transportation and application, the existing materials are large in volume and weight and high in transportation cost in a wet state, and popularization applicability of the existing materials is further restricted. In order to address the above challenges, studies have been made to direct the eye toward natural degradable fillers such as konjac glucomannan, sodium alginate, chitosan, and the like. The konjac glucomannan is taken as an example, on one hand, good biocompatibility and gel property of the konjac glucomannan can provide a proper growth microenvironment for microorganisms, reduce the loss of the microorganisms and the competitive exclusion of indigenous microorganisms, and on the other hand, the porous structure of the konjac glucomannan is beneficial to the mass transfer of pollutants and nutrient substances and improves the repair efficiency. In addition, the method can also provide a protective microenvironment for functional microorganisms, and remarkably improve the survival rate and degradation activity of the microorganisms in severe environments. Meanwhile, the gel method immobilized microorganism technology is receiving a growing attention as an emerging microorganism immobilization technology. The technology is to embed active microorganism cells in a hydrophilic gel matrix to form immobilized microorganism particles with a three-dimensional network structure. The gel method for fixing microorganisms can not only effectively protect microorganisms from the impact of external environment, but also remarkably improve the local concentration and metabolic activity of microorganisms, thereby accelerating the system start and enhancing the impact resistance. However, the existing gel immobilization material still has the problems of insufficient mechanical strength, short service life, complex field operation and the like in application, and the large-scale application of the gel immobilization material in the decentralized wastewater treatment is limited. The related patent documents: The invention discloses a method for preparing immobilized microorganism and application thereof in removing nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater, wherein the method comprises the steps of mixing sodium alginate with water, stirring to obtain sodium alginate solution, mixing microorgani