CN-122010305-A - Large-flux sewage treatment method and system based on zooplankton community rational combination design

CN122010305ACN 122010305 ACN122010305 ACN 122010305ACN-122010305-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-flux sewage treatment method and a large-flux sewage treatment system by utilizing zooplankton community rational combination design, wherein the treatment method comprises the following steps of S1, zooplankton community construction, S2, community optimization design, namely, determining optimal zooplankton composition and proportion through a rational design model to obtain a target zooplankton community, S3, sewage treatment, namely, selecting a specific target zooplankton community to be conveyed into a large-flux sewage treatment device according to the sewage type, carrying out cooperative degradation treatment on sewage in a continuous operation mode, monitoring treatment effect in real time through an automatic control system during the process, and automatically adjusting zooplankton community structure and operation parameters according to water quality change. The invention has the advantages of effectively solving the problems of flux bottleneck, insufficient pollutant removal specificity, environmental adaptability limitation and the like in the traditional sewage treatment.

Inventors

JIA YUNLU
LI QIONG
ZHANG WEI
ZHOU QI
DENG HUI
DAN CHENG
SONG LIRONG

Assignees

中国科学院水生生物研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260206

Claims (10)

1. A large-flux sewage treatment method based on zooplankton community rational combination design is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, zooplankton community construction, namely analyzing nutrition niche differentiation, space niche differentiation and time niche differentiation of a target sewage environment based on niche theory analysis, and preliminarily determining zooplankton combinations with function complementation characteristics; s2, optimizing and designing a community, namely determining the optimal zooplankton composition and proportion through a rational design model to obtain a target zooplankton community; s3, sewage treatment, namely, according to the sewage type, selecting a specific target zooplankton community to be conveyed into a large-flux sewage treatment device, carrying out cooperative degradation treatment on the sewage in a continuous operation mode, monitoring the treatment effect in real time through an automatic control system during the continuous operation mode, and automatically adjusting the zooplankton community structure and the operation parameters according to the water quality change.
2. The method for treating sewage with large flux by utilizing zooplankton community combination design according to claim 1, wherein the nutrition level differentiation in S1 is designed according to sewage characteristics and has zooplankton combinations with different nutrition utilization characteristics, the space level differentiation is designed according to space structure of a sewage treatment device and has zooplankton combinations with different space distribution characteristics, and the time level differentiation is designed according to water quality time change law and has zooplankton combinations with different time activity characteristics.
3. The method for treating sewage with large flux designed by zooplankton community combination according to claim 2, wherein suspended particulate matters in sewage are treated by filter zooplankton during differentiation of the nutrient ecological niche, pathogenic bacteria in phagocytized sewage are targeted by phagostimulant zooplankton, algae inhibiting substances are secreted by phagostimulant zooplankton, zooplankton with photosynthetic capacity is arranged on the surface layer of the sewage treatment device during differentiation of the space ecological niche, zooplankton with nitrogen and phosphorus absorption as main functions is arranged on the middle layer, zooplankton with strong pollution resistance is arranged on the bottom layer, a zooplankton community structure with complementary time sequences is designed based on the circadian dynamic change rule of water quality parameters during differentiation of the time ecological niche, photosynthetic zooplankton is activated in daytime, and heterotrophic zooplankton is activated at night.
4. The method for large-throughput sewage treatment using zooplankton rational combination design according to claim 1, wherein the rational design model in S2 includes a metabolic network model for predicting metabolic interactions between zooplankton, an ecological niche overlap model for calculating an ecological niche overlap degree between zooplankton, and a functional optimization model for determining an optimal community structure by a multi-objective optimization algorithm.
5. The large-flux sewage treatment method based on zooplankton community rational combination design according to claim 4 is characterized in that a metabolic network model is based on a genome scale metabolic model, metabolic pathway data of a plurality of zooplankton are integrated, metabolic product interaction relations among different species are predicted by a system, an ecological niche overlap model is used for establishing an ecological niche overlap index calculation system containing three dimensions of nutrition, space and time, an overlap index threshold value is not more than 0.6 to ensure functional complementarity among the species, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is combined with a particle monarch optimization algorithm, pollutant removal rate is not less than 95% by using pollutant removal rate, running cost is reduced not less than 20%, fluctuation coefficient of community stability is not less than 0.15 as an optimization target, and an optimal community configuration scheme is screened through iterative calculation for more than 10 ten thousands of times.
6. The method for large-throughput sewage treatment by zooplankton community rational combination design according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the water quality parameter and zooplankton population state are mainly monitored when the automatic control system monitors the treatment effect, and the water quality change trend is predicted based on an artificial intelligence algorithm.
7. The method for treating the large-flux sewage by utilizing the zooplankton community combined design according to claim 1 is characterized in that the sewage type in S3 and the selected target zooplankton community are selected from brewing sewage, a large-scale filter feeding branch angle class is selected as a core, a Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus community is matched, dairy sewage, a fat decomposition type copepod class is selected as a dominant community structure, a candida lipolytica community is matched, and domestic sewage is selected from a multifunctional composite community consisting of feeding, bacteriophagic and algae-eating zooplankton.
8. A large-flux sewage treatment system designed by utilizing zooplankton community rational combination is characterized by comprising a water inlet module, a zooplankton cultivation separation selection conveying module, a sewage treatment reaction module and an automatic monitoring control module, wherein the water inlet module is used for pretreating sewage, measuring pollutants and conveying the sewage to the sewage treatment reaction module, the zooplankton cultivation separation selection conveying module is used for selecting corresponding zooplankton to carry out cultivation separation by using the target zooplankton community determined in the sewage treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and conveying the zooplankton to the sewage treatment reaction module, and the automatic monitoring control module is used for controlling the sewage inflow, the zooplankton conveying amount and adjusting the zooplankton community fed into the sewage treatment reaction module.
9. The method for large-throughput sewage treatment by zooplankton community rational combination design according to claim 8, wherein the water inlet module comprises a grid sand sedimentation regulating tank and a sewage pump, and the grid sand sedimentation regulating tank is communicated with the sewage treatment reaction module through a pipeline provided with the sewage pump.
10. The method for treating the large-flux sewage by utilizing zooplankton community combined design according to claim 8, wherein the zooplankton cultivation separation selection conveying module comprises a plurality of groups of parallel cultivation reactors, each group of cultivation reactors is correspondingly connected with a zooplankton separation enrichment device, the zooplankton separation enrichment device is communicated with the sewage treatment reaction module through a conveying pipeline provided with a conveying pump, and the automatic monitoring control module comprises a water quality sensor, an zooplankton image in-situ acquisition automatic identification device and a PLC.

Description

Large-flux sewage treatment method and system based on zooplankton community rational combination design Technical Field The invention relates to the field of environmental engineering, biotechnology and automation control intersection, and discloses a large-flux sewage treatment method and system designed by zooplankton community rational combination, aiming at the problems of flux bottleneck, insufficient pollutant removal specificity, environmental adaptability limitation and the like in the traditional sewage treatment. Background The traditional sewage treatment technology system mainly comprises three main core categories of physical treatment, chemical treatment and biological treatment. The unit operations of precipitation, filtration and the like in the physical treatment technology have the characteristics of simple flow and easy implementation, but have obvious efficiency bottlenecks in the aspect of removing the soluble pollutants, and the chemical treatment technology such as chemical oxidation, coagulating sedimentation and the like generally faces the problems of huge consumption of chemical agents, high secondary pollution risk and the like although the technology shows higher pollutant removal efficiency. Biological treatment technologies, typically activated sludge and biofilm processes, have significant environmental advantages, but their treatment performance is highly susceptible to fluctuations in water quality and present significant technical limitations in the removal of emerging contaminants. In the field of biological treatment technology, the activated sludge process is one of the most widely used technologies, and its inherent technical drawbacks are not neglected. The microbial community structure of the process has obvious single characteristics, insufficient functional diversity and difficult effect on complex and changeable water quality conditions. Taking the printing and dyeing wastewater treatment scene as an example, a single activated sludge microbial community is difficult to realize the efficient degradation of azo dyes in wastewater, so that the effluent quality chromaticity index is difficult to reach the standard. In addition, the tolerance of the activated sludge system to water quality and quantity fluctuation is poor, and under the working condition that the impact load of industrial wastewater is obviously increased, the microbial activity can be obviously inhibited, so that the stability of the whole treatment system is damaged. Aiming at refractory organic matters and emerging pollutants such as antibiotics, endocrine disruptors and the like, the treatment effect of the traditional activated sludge method is difficult to reach an ideal level. Meanwhile, the process has higher sludge yield and high cost in the subsequent sludge treatment and disposal links, and heavy metals and pathogenic microorganisms possibly are enriched in the sludge, so that the secondary pollution problem is easily caused if the sludge is improperly treated. The biomembrane process also faces a series of technical problems to be solved urgently. The process has the advantages of long biofilm growth period, obvious time consumption for system start and difficulty in realizing quick response in emergency sewage treatment scenes. In addition, the local falling-off phenomenon of the biological film is common, the stability of the treatment effect is seriously affected, and the falling-off biological film fragments can obviously increase the operation difficulty of the subsequent solid-liquid separation process. As the pollutant components of sewage become more complex, the technology of the biofilm method on the aspect of degradation of emerging pollutants is increasingly prominent, and technical innovation and process optimization are urgently needed. Zooplankton is used as a biological group with key ecological functions in an aquatic ecological system, and has unique ecological engineering value in the field of sewage biological treatment. Compared with the traditional microorganism treatment system, the zooplankton has the function of degrading specific pollutants, and provides important supplement for optimizing a sewage biological treatment technology system. The method removes pollutants such as suspended particles, algae, bacteria and the like through a high-efficiency filter feeding mechanism, and can obviously accelerate the bio-geochemical circulation process of the nutrient salt by combining the rapid population proliferation characteristic and the environment adaptability. Based on a nutrient salt conversion and sedimentation mechanism driven by metabolic activity, under the condition that the hydraulic retention time exceeds 1.1 d, the method can realize the effective reduction of nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body, and has important significance for relieving the eutrophication process of the water body. Research has proved that th