CN-122010338-A - Multi-type pond wetland ecological treatment method and regulation and control system

CN122010338ACN 122010338 ACN122010338 ACN 122010338ACN-122010338-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological treatment of multi-type pond wetland, in particular to a method and a regulation and control system for ecological treatment of multi-type pond wetland. The invention constructs a full-flow multi-pond wetland ecological treatment system, carries out accurate dredging and substrate pretreatment of pond bodies, connects 7-level gradient purification pond bodies in series to form a multi-pond wetland group, synchronously constructs a three-in-one water ecological system of 'plant-animal-microorganism', and finally realizes closed-loop control of aeration regulation and control, water quality early warning and intelligent diversion by depending on water quality real-time monitoring. The ecological environment-friendly ecological pool has the advantages of accurately protecting the original ecological substrate, greatly improving the multi-source pollution purification efficiency, fundamentally improving the self-purification capability of water, solving the problem of water quality rebound after treatment, adapting to the limited construction scene of villages, having the advantages of ecological benefit and low cost operation and maintenance, and effectively solving the technical problems of insufficient dredging precision of the small pool body, single purification mode, easy degradation of an ecological system and lack of long-term regulation.

Inventors

LI JING
ZHU LIZHOU
JIANG FUWEI
WANG XUAN
Fan Xiaozhan
YU XIN
Bu Yuhao
FU YANGBIN
MA JUNJIE
CHEN QIAN
Du Fangsheng
ZHAO BENJIAN
ZHU YANHUI
SHI JIANHU
LIU YIGUANG

Assignees

中国电建市政集团安徽工程建设有限公司
中国电建市政建设集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260228

Claims (10)

1. The ecological treatment method of the polytype pond wetland is characterized by comprising the following treatment steps of: S1, dredging the bottoms of a plurality of pond bodies, performing earthwork shaping and seepage prevention construction on the pond bodies after dredging, and then performing ecological base improvement and environment construction on the pond bodies; S2, sequentially communicating a plurality of pond bodies to construct a water flow path for multi-stage gradient purification, so as to obtain treatment units which are sequentially connected in series according to the water flow direction, wherein the treatment units comprise a front ecological sedimentation pond, a hypoxia pond, an aeration pond, an oxidation pond, a surface flow wetland, an aquatic plant pond and a drought stream; S3, constructing aquatic plant communities, aquatic animal communities and microorganism systems in each treatment unit, and arranging aeration devices in the aeration pond and the oxidation pond; S4, carrying out real-time on-line monitoring on the water quality parameters in each processing unit; S5, performing closed-loop regulation and control on the multi-type pond wetland based on the real-time water quality parameters, wherein the closed-loop regulation and control comprises power regulation and control of an aeration device, water quality abnormality early warning and diversion regulation and control of rain and sewage.
2. The multi-type pond wetland ecological treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that during dredging operation, dredging depth is set to be 0.5m, dredging depth is monitored in real time, dredging depth errors are controlled to be within the range of 0cm to 5cm, mud generated by dredging is conveyed into a geotechnical pipe bag on the shore, environment-friendly flocculating agents are synchronously added for dewatering and solidifying, solidified dry mud is used for shoreline restoration or land reclamation, and auxiliary dredging is carried out according to corner areas with irregular pond shapes and matched with a long-arm on-shore excavator, a water excavator or a manual work.
3. The method for ecologically treating the multi-type pond wetland according to claim 1 is characterized in that during the anti-seepage construction, plain soil compaction is firstly carried out on a pond body substrate, a high-density polyethylene film with the thickness of 1.5mm and geotextile with the thickness of 500g/m <2 > are sequentially paved, and a fine sand protection layer is paved above the high-density polyethylene film.
4. The ecological treatment method for the polytype pond wetland according to claim 1 is characterized in that when ecological base improvement and environment construction are carried out, firstly, construction waste, weed root systems and various sundries in the pond are removed, then, microbial agents are adopted to disinfect and activate the substrate sludge, the exposure is carried out for at least 7 days after improvement is finished, and aiming at rainy season construction scenes, the base treatment is carried out in a layered, segmented and piece-by-piece construction mode, so that rainy days are avoided.
5. The method for ecologically treating the multi-type pond wetland according to claim 1 is characterized in that biological grids are arranged in a front ecological sedimentation pond and/or a low-oxygen pond, the biological grids comprise a support and rope-shaped biological contact materials fixed on the support to form a high-density microorganism carrier, gorgon euryale seeds and water caltrop economic floating plants with the coverage of 80% -90% are planted in the low-oxygen pond to create a low-oxygen denitrification environment, aeration pipelines and microporous aeration trays are arranged in the aeration pond to create an aerobic environment for aerobic microorganisms through uniform aeration, an ecological structure combining aquatic animals and fish nest is arranged in the oxidation pond to create an oxygen-enriched environment with the aquatic plants by matching with aeration equipment, water hyacinth, water chestnut are densely planted in the surface-flow wetland, gravel filter materials are paved in the root area, reed and typha cattail are planted in the side slope of the aquatic plant pond, the grass, the sea weed is reconstructed by the drainage ditch, and gravel and wetland plants are planted in the water caltrop pond.
6. The ecological management method for the multi-type pond wetland according to claim 1, wherein the biological grid is fixed with the ropes through galvanized steel pipes, and a balancing weight and/or a gabion are adopted for fixing in the area where the impermeable membrane is paved.
7. The method for ecologically treating the wetland in the multi-type pond is characterized in that the aquatic plant community construction comprises the construction of a submerged plant community, an emergent plant community and a floating leaf plant community, wherein the submerged plant is planted by adopting a cuttage method, the water level of a control area is 10cm, and the pretreatment of killing eggs, sterilizing and promoting rooting is carried out on seedlings before planting; The aquatic animal community is constructed by putting chub, snail and mussel aquatic animals into a water body after an aquatic plant system is stable, sterilizing the aquatic animals for 30 minutes by adopting 0.5 percent saline water before putting, and completing small-scale test culture to verify the survival rate; The microbial system is specifically constructed by adding a microbial preparation into a treatment unit according to the water quality condition after the aquatic animal and plant community is constructed, diluting and stirring the microbial preparation by water uniformly, then sprinkling the microbial preparation in a whole pool, and unsealing the product to use the microbial system, wherein the use of bactericides and antibiotics is forbidden for a week before and after the addition.
8. The method for ecologically treating a multi-type pond wetland according to claim 1 wherein the water quality parameters comprise chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and suspended matters.
9. The method for ecologically treating the wetland in the multi-type pond according to claim 1 is characterized in that the power regulation and control of the aeration device is specifically that when the dissolved oxygen in the treatment unit is monitored to be lower than a preset threshold value of 4mg/L, an instruction is sent out to start or enhance the power of the aeration device in the corresponding treatment unit; the water quality abnormality early warning method specifically comprises the steps of generating and pushing water quality early warning information to a manager when monitoring that total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen water quality indexes continuously exceed standards; the diversion regulation and control of rain and sewage is specifically that in dry seasons, a intercepting well is controlled to intercept sewage to a sewage pipe network, in rain seasons, according to water quality parameters and flow parameters monitored in real time, part of rain and sewage is intercepted, and the rest of rain water overflows to the downstream through a weir body.
10. A multi-type pond wetland ecological management control system, which is characterized by being used for realizing the multi-type pond wetland ecological management method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprising a dredging operation unit, an intelligent intercepting well unit, an ecological purification unit, an intelligent monitoring module and an intelligent control execution module; The dredging operation unit is used for executing dredging operation on the bottom of the pond body and synchronously completing conveying, dewatering and solidifying treatment of dredging slurry; The intelligent intercepting well unit is used for executing rainwater and sewage diversion regulation and control and is in communication connection with the intelligent regulation and control execution module; the ecological purification units are arranged in the treatment units and are used for constructing a water body purification ecological system and executing water body aeration and oxygenation operation according to the instruction; The intelligent monitoring module comprises a plurality of groups of water quality sensors which are arranged in each processing unit, wherein the water quality sensors are in communication connection with the data processing platform and are used for carrying out real-time on-line monitoring on water quality parameters in each processing unit and uploading monitoring data to the data processing platform in real time; the intelligent regulation and control execution module is in communication connection with the data processing platform, the ecological purification unit and the intelligent intercepting well unit respectively and is used for sending an aeration device power regulation and control instruction to the ecological purification unit and a rain and sewage diversion regulation and control instruction to the intercepting well unit based on real-time water quality parameters received by the data processing platform, and meanwhile, when the abnormality of water quality indexes is monitored, water quality early warning information is generated and pushed to a manager.

Description

Multi-type pond wetland ecological treatment method and regulation and control system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ecological treatment of multi-type pond wetland, in particular to a method and a regulation and control system for ecological treatment of multi-type pond wetland. Background At present, aiming at ecological management of small pond bodies and artificial wetlands, the short-term improvement of the water quality of the pond bodies can be realized by taking dredging and dredging, single stable pond construction, aeration and oxygenation of water bodies and aquatic plant planting as core means. However, in the special engineering scenario facing the scattered pond body of villages and towns in the hilly areas of low hills, the above-mentioned prior art is difficult to form a full-process, systematic and long-acting stable treatment system. The main reasons are as follows: 1. In the water quality purification process link, a single pond body or a single-stage wetland mode is adopted, gradient targeted removal of different pollutants cannot be realized, adaptability to multi-source mixed sewage is poor, denitrification and dephosphorization efficiency is low, the design of the dissolved oxygen gradient of part of the multi-stage wetland process is unreasonable, a multi-pond wetland group with cooperative functions is not formed, and deep purification of the pollutants is difficult to realize. 2. The ecological system construction link generally has the problems of heavy engineering and light ecology, only aquatic plants are simply planted and aquatic animals are put in, the cooperative design of plant, animal and microorganism systems is lacked, a complete food chain and substance circulating system is difficult to form, the self-cleaning capability of water body is weak, the water quality after treatment is easy to rebound, the arrangement of an aeration device is lacked in pertinence, and the microbial degradation efficiency is difficult to fully develop. 3. In the water quality control link, a rough monitoring mode of manual inspection and laboratory inspection is adopted, real-time on-line monitoring of water quality parameters cannot be realized, and reliable data support is difficult to provide for accurate regulation and control. 4. The operation and maintenance regulation link does not form closed-loop regulation logic for water quality monitoring and system operation, the aeration and rain and sewage shunt control are controlled by adopting fixed time sequences, the dynamic adjustment cannot be carried out according to the water quality, a perfect water quality abnormality early warning mechanism is lacking, the operation and maintenance cost is high, the response is lag, and the long-term stable operation of the system is difficult to ensure. In summary, the existing pond body wetland ecological treatment technology cannot be simultaneously adapted to the multi-source pollution deep purification requirement and the long-acting ecological operation and maintenance target of the village and town pond body in the low hilly area, and the multi-type pond wetland ecological treatment method integrating the pretreatment of the pond body substrate, the construction of the multi-stage gradient purification pond body, the construction of the full-chain ecological system, the real-time on-line monitoring of the water quality and the intelligent closed-loop regulation and control is not formed, so that the core problems of the deterioration of the water quality and the deterioration of the ecological system of the dispersed pond body in the village and town are difficult to fundamentally solve, and become key bottlenecks for restricting the technical development and engineering application in the field. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a multi-type pond wetland ecological treatment method and a regulation and control system, which aim to solve the technical problems that the conventional small pond body is difficult to realize long-term purification of the water quality of the pond body and stable restoration of an ecological system. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the ecological treatment method of the polytype pond wetland comprises the following treatment steps: S1, dredging the bottoms of a plurality of pond bodies, performing earthwork shaping and seepage prevention construction on the pond bodies after dredging, and then performing ecological base improvement and environment construction on the pond bodies; S2, sequentially communicating a plurality of pond bodies to construct a water flow path for multi-stage gradient purification, so as to obtain treatment units which are sequentially connected in series according to the water flow direction, wherein the treatment units comprise a front ecological sedimentation pond, a hypoxia pond, an aeration pond, an oxidation pond, a su