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CN-122010374-A - Bottom mud purifying agent for in-situ degradation of river and lake bottom mud

CN122010374ACN 122010374 ACN122010374 ACN 122010374ACN-122010374-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly discloses a bottom mud purifying agent for in-situ degradation of sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake. The purifying agent comprises an aerobic microbial agent, an anaerobic microbial agent, an enzyme preparation, a nutrition additive, a carrier, a slow-release oxidant and a biosurfactant, wherein each component is adapted to the degradation requirements of the complex environment and the composite pollutants of the substrate sludge. The preparation method sequentially comprises the steps of carrier pretreatment, microorganism mixing and activating, component homogenizing, immobilization mixing, sectional gradient fermentation domestication, drying cooling and screening, and process design fitting of functional component characteristics. The purifying agent can degrade organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in river and lake sediment in situ, has the advantages of strong multicomponent cooperativity, high purifying efficiency and good environmental adaptability, can be operated controllably, can effectively ensure the microbial activity and the product stability, and is suitable for large-scale production and actual river and lake sediment treatment scenes.

Inventors

  • JIANG GUOPING
  • XIAO SANXIA
  • HONG JING

Assignees

  • 福建江夏学院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260407

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The bottom mud purifying agent for in-situ degradation of river and lake bottom mud is characterized by comprising, by weight, 10-30 parts of an aerobic microbial agent, 5-15 parts of an anaerobic microbial agent, 2-10 parts of an enzyme preparation, 1-5 parts of a nutritional additive, 40-60 parts of a carrier, 5-15 parts of a slow-release oxidant and 1-5 parts of a biosurfactant.
  2. 2. The substrate sludge purifying agent for in-situ degradation of sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake of claim 1, wherein the aerobic microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and nitrifying bacteria, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the nitrifying bacteria is 3:2 to 4:1 based on the total weight of the aerobic microbial agent.
  3. 3. The substrate sludge clarifier for in-situ degradation of river and lake bottom sludge of claim 1, wherein said anaerobic microbial agent comprises denitrifying bacteria and methane bacteria in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 7:3 based on the total weight of the anaerobic microbial agent.
  4. 4. The substrate sludge clarifier for in situ degradation of river and lake bottom sludge of claim 1 wherein said enzyme preparation comprises protease, lipase and cellulase in a weight ratio of 4:2:1 to 6:4:3 based on the total weight of the enzyme preparation.
  5. 5. The sediment purifying agent for in-situ degradation of sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake according to claim 1, wherein the nutrition additive comprises urea, monopotassium phosphate and a microelement mixture, the weight ratio of the urea, the monopotassium phosphate and the microelement mixture is 6:3:1 to 16:3:1 based on the total weight of the nutrition additive, and the microelement mixture comprises ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the microelement mixture is 3:2:1 to 2:2:1.
  6. 6. The sediment purifying agent for in-situ degradation of river and lake bottom sludge according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is modified zeolite or modified activated carbon, the particle size of the carrier is 0.5-2.0mm, the slow-release oxidant is a compound of calcium peroxide and sodium carbonate, the weight ratio is 4:1-3:1, and the biosurfactant is rhamnolipid or sophorolipid.
  7. 7. A method for preparing a sediment scavenger for in situ degradation of sludge at the bottom of a river or lake, characterized in that the sediment scavenger for in situ degradation of sludge at the bottom of a river or lake as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the steps of: S1, pretreatment of a carrier, namely soaking the carrier in 5-10% hydrochloric acid solution for 2-4 hours, washing the carrier to be neutral by deionized water, and drying the carrier at 105-120 ℃ for later use; s2, mixing and activating microorganisms, namely mixing an aerobic microbial agent and an anaerobic microbial agent under the aseptic condition, controlling the mixing temperature to be 25-35 ℃, mixing for 10-30min, and simultaneously introducing sterile air at the speed of 0.5-1.5L/min in the mixing process to obtain a microbial mixture; S3, homogenizing the components, namely adding an enzyme preparation, a nutrition additive and a biosurfactant into the microorganism mixture, and mixing for 15-45min at the stirring speed of 50-100r/min to obtain a primary mixture; S4, immobilization mixing, namely adding the pretreated carrier and the sustained-release oxidant into the primary mixture, and mixing for 30-60min at a rotating speed of 20-40r/min by adopting a three-dimensional mixer to obtain a uniform mixture; S5, sectional gradient fermentation and microorganism domestication, namely, carrying out sectional fermentation on the uniform mixture at 30-40 ℃ for 48-96 hours to obtain a fermentation product; S6, drying, cooling and screening, namely drying the fermentation product at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ until the moisture content is lower than 8%, and screening out particles with the particle size of 0.2-2.5mm to obtain the sediment purifying agent.
  8. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein in step S2, the pH value is controlled to be 6.5-7.5, and the microbial activator is added in three equal amounts to 0.1-0.3% of the total weight of the microbial agent during the mixing.
  9. 9. The method for preparing a bottom mud purifying agent for in-situ degradation of sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake according to claim 7, wherein in the step S5, the staged fermentation process is divided into three stages, wherein the first stage is carried out at 30-33 ℃ for 18-24h, the second stage is carried out at 33-36 ℃ for 18-24h, the third stage is carried out at 36-40 ℃ for 12-18h, and the temperature is raised at a rate of 0.5-1 ℃ per hour during the conversion of each stage.
  10. 10. The method of claim 7, wherein in step S6, the dried sludge is cooled at 15-25 ℃ for 20-40min at a speed of 1.0-2.0m/S, and then screened.

Description

Bottom mud purifying agent for in-situ degradation of river and lake bottom mud Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a bottom mud purifying agent for in-situ degradation of sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake. Background The sludge at the bottom of the river and the lake is an important accumulation warehouse of water pollutants, and the long-term accumulated pollutants such as organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like not only can cause blackening and stinking of the bottom sludge, but also can cause problems of eutrophication of the water body, reduction of dissolved oxygen and the like by upward water covering and releasing of interstitial water, and seriously damages the ecological environment of the river and the lake, so that in-situ purification of the bottom sludge is a key link for improving the water quality of the river and the lake. The problems that the functions of components are single and the synergistic effect is insufficient in the existing bottom mud purification products in the market are that part of the products only depend on a single microbial agent or an enzyme preparation, multiple pollutants in the bottom mud are difficult to degrade at the same time and efficiently, part of the products lack of optimal design on the living environment of microorganisms, the local dissolved oxygen condition and pH value cannot be stabilized, the activity of the microorganisms is limited, the solubilization problem of hydrophobic organic matters and the microorganism adhesion protection requirement are not considered, and finally the degradation efficiency of the composite pollutants is low. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a bottom mud purifying agent for in-situ degradation of sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake, which aims to solve the problems that the bottom mud purifying agent in the prior art has low degradation efficiency on organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other composite pollutants and has poor component cooperativity. In a first aspect, the application provides a sediment purifying agent for in-situ degradation of sludge at the bottom of a river and a lake, which adopts the following technical scheme: The bottom mud purifying agent for in-situ degradation of river and lake bottom mud comprises, by weight, 10-30 parts of an aerobic microbial agent, 5-15 parts of an anaerobic microbial agent, 2-10 parts of an enzyme preparation, 1-5 parts of a nutritional additive, 40-60 parts of a carrier, 5-15 parts of a slow-release oxidant and 1-5 parts of a biosurfactant. According to the technical scheme, the aerobic microbial agent and the anaerobic microbial agent cooperate to degrade pollutants in an aerobic area and an anaerobic area of the substrate sludge respectively, so that the effect of covering different oxidative environment degradation requirements of the substrate sludge is achieved, the effect of degrading protein, fat and cellulose organic matters in the substrate sludge respectively in a targeted mode through enzyme preparations is achieved, the effect of assisting microorganisms to strengthen the decomposition efficiency of the organic matters is achieved, the effect of providing nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition and metal ions required by enzyme activity for microorganisms through nutritional additives is achieved, the effect of guaranteeing the survival of the microorganisms and the catalytic activity of the enzymes is achieved, the effect of providing attachment sites for the microorganisms and the enzyme preparations through carriers is achieved, the effect of fixing functional components and prolonging the action period of the functional components in the substrate sludge is achieved, the effect of slowly releasing oxygen through a slow-release oxidant, the effect of adjusting the local dissolved oxygen concentration of the substrate sludge and avoiding the sudden rise of the oxygen concentration to inhibit the activity of anaerobic bacteria is achieved, the effect of solubilising insoluble pollutants in the substrate sludge and the contact efficiency of the functional components and the pollutants is achieved through the fact that the biosurfactant reduces the interfacial tension of the hydrophobic organic matters and water is achieved, and the system of purifying the substrate sludge is achieved completely from the point of the components. Preferably, the aerobic microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and nitrifying bacteria, and the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the nitrifying bacteria is 3:2-4:1 based on the total weight of the aerobic microbial agent. By adopting the technical scheme, the aerobic microbial agent is specifically composed of bacillus subtilis and nitrifying bacteria, the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the nitrifying bacteria is controlled within the range of 3:2 to 4:1, wherein the bacillus subtilis can aerobically