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CN-122010445-A - Light fireproof filling material produced by using expanded perlite and preparation method thereof

CN122010445ACN 122010445 ACN122010445 ACN 122010445ACN-122010445-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, in particular to a lightweight fireproof filling material produced by using expanded perlite and a preparation method thereof, wherein the lightweight fireproof filling material comprises 50-90 parts of expanded perlite, 5-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5-10 parts of MXnes, 1-10 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-3 parts of silane coupling agent and 1-5 parts of composite modified layered double hydroxide. The application realizes gas-phase slow-release flame retardance and high-efficiency fire resistance cooperatively by catalyzing polyvinyl alcohol crosslinking carbonization, compounding modified layered double hydroxide to release flame retardant components and participating in carbon layer enhancement and MXenes to construct a ceramic-carbon physical barrier, and simultaneously improves the mechanical strength and water resistance of the material by virtue of a nano enhancement mechanism of MXenes and the interfacial modification effect of a silane coupling agent and metakaolin, thereby solving the problems of large weight increment, poor flexibility, limited high-temperature fireproof performance improvement and the like of modified expanded perlite in the prior art.

Inventors

  • CHENG CONG
  • Ding Houzhang
  • Ruan Jionghong
  • XU JUNHAI
  • LI YUNQIANG

Assignees

  • 河北圣逸新型建材有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260227

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The lightweight fireproof filling material produced by using expanded perlite is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-90 parts of expanded perlite; 5-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol; 0.5-10 parts of MXnes; 1-10 parts of zinc oxide; 0.5-3 parts of silane coupling agent; 1-5 parts of composite modified layered double hydroxide.
  2. 2. The method for producing a lightweight fire-resistant filler using expanded perlite according to claim 1, characterized in that the lightweight fire-resistant filler comprises, in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of expanded perlite; 10-20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol; 2-8 parts of MXnes; 4-6 parts of zinc oxide; 1-2 parts of silane coupling agent; 2-4 parts of composite modified layered double hydroxide.
  3. 3. The method for producing the light fireproof filling material by using the expanded perlite according to claim 2, wherein the composite modified layered double hydroxide is a core-shell structure composite, wherein a core layer is a magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite baked product obtained by organic anion intercalation and baking treatment, a shell layer is metakaolin coated on the surface of the core layer, and the mass ratio of the metakaolin is 10% -50% based on the total weight of the composite modified layered double hydroxide.
  4. 4. The method for producing a light weight fire protection filler using expanded perlite according to claim 3, wherein the organic anionic intercalation agent is selected from at least one of dodecyl sulfate, dodecyl benzene sulfonate, terephthalate, phytate, molybdate, borate.
  5. 5. The method for producing a lightweight fire protection filler using expanded perlite according to claim 3, wherein the firing process is at a temperature of 450 ℃ to 600 ℃.
  6. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the mxnes is a few or multiple layers of Ti 3 C 2 T x , wherein T x represents a surface functional group including-OH, and wherein the mxnes is prepared by a method comprising: (1) Etching, namely adding Ti 3 C 2 MAX phase powder into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and lithium fluoride to react at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ for 20-28 hours; (2) Washing and stripping, namely washing the product obtained in the step (1) to be neutral, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a few-layer Ti 3 C 2 T x dispersion; (3) And (3) alkali treatment, namely mixing the less-layer Ti 3 C 2 T x dispersion liquid with alkali solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol/L, reacting for 10-14 hours at room temperature, and washing to obtain Ti 3 C 2 T x with the surface rich in-OH functional groups.
  7. 7. The method for producing a light weight fire protection filler using expanded perlite according to claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is at least one of an aminosilane, an epoxysilane, or a methacryloxysilane.
  8. 8. A method of producing a lightweight fire-resistant filler using expanded perlite as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of: S1, diluting a silane coupling agent with an ethanol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 40-60% to prepare a treatment solution with the mass concentration of 1-3%, uniformly spraying the treatment solution in a spraying manner under stirring in a high-speed mixer, continuously stirring for 10-20 minutes after spraying is finished, transferring the mixed material into an oven, and reacting for 1-2 hours at 70-90 ℃ to obtain silanized modified expanded perlite; S2, preparing functional nano composite slurry; S3, adding the silanized modified expanded perlite obtained in the step S1 into the functional nano composite slurry prepared in the step S2, and stirring at a low speed of 50-150rpm for 10-15 minutes by using a planetary stirrer until the slurry is fully wetted and uniformly coated with all perlite particles to obtain a mixed wet material; S4, weighing the mixed wet material, filling the mixed wet material into a mould with a preset shape, maintaining the pressure on a press for 30-60 seconds at the pressure of 0.2-0.4MPa, setting the blank with the mould in a blast drying box, drying for 3-4 hours at the temperature of 65-75 ℃, heating to 95-105 ℃ for curing for 2-3 hours, demoulding, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the light fireproof filler.
  9. 9. The method for producing a lightweight fire-resistant filler using expanded perlite according to claim 8, characterized in that the preparation of the functional nanocomposite slurry comprises: S2a, adding polyvinyl alcohol into deionized water at 85-95 ℃, preparing transparent uniform glue solution with the mass concentration of 8-12% under stirring, and cooling to 40-50 ℃ for later use; s2b, adding MXees powder into deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain MXees primary dispersion liquid with the solid content of 2-4mg/mL, slowly dropwise adding the MXees primary dispersion liquid into the polyvinyl alcohol glue solution in the step S2a under mechanical stirring for at least 15 minutes, and then sequentially adding zinc oxide powder and composite modified layered double hydroxide; S2c, transferring the mixed system obtained in the step S2b into a high-speed shearing dispersing emulsifying machine, shearing and dispersing for 20-30 minutes at the rotating speed of 4000-6000rpm, and then placing the container into an ultrasonic processor, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15-25 minutes under the power of 300-500W and pulse mode to obtain uniform and stable functional nano composite slurry.
  10. 10. The method for producing a lightweight fire-proof filler using expanded perlite according to claim 9, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is performed under the condition of continuous or pulsed ultrasonic waves for 30-60 minutes at a power of 400-600W in step S2 b.

Description

Light fireproof filling material produced by using expanded perlite and preparation method thereof Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, in particular to a lightweight fireproof filling material produced by using expanded perlite and a preparation method thereof. Background The expanded perlite is a traditional inorganic light heat-insulating material, has the characteristics of light weight, low heat conductivity coefficient, incombustibility and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of building heat insulation, fireproof partition and the like. However, pure expanded perlite products have inherent defects of low strength, high water absorption, reduced heat preservation performance after being wetted, easy pulverization and falling of particles after long-term use, high fireproof performance at high temperature, and the like, and limit the application of the pure expanded perlite products in some high-performance requirement scenes. In order to improve the comprehensive performance of the expanded perlite, the prior art generally adopts a mode of physical coating or compounding with cementing materials (such as cement, gypsum and water glass). However, these methods often have problems such as large increase, long curing time, poor flexibility, or limited improvement in fire resistance. For example, cement-based composite systems have improved strength but have significantly increased density and fire protection and thermal insulation properties are affected by high temperature burst of set cement, and organic binders such as ordinary polyvinyl alcohol can improve flexibility and cohesiveness but are easily decomposed at high temperatures, resulting in collapse of the fire protection structure. The two-dimensional nanomaterial MXnes has great potential in the aspect of reinforcing a composite material due to excellent mechanical property, high specific surface area and potential barrier effect. As an inorganic anion type flame-retardant material, the Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) can improve the flame retardance of the polymer through multiple actions of thermal decomposition, heat absorption, flame-retardant gas release, compact carbon layer formation and the like. How to effectively compound the advanced functional nano materials with the traditional expanded perlite to construct a novel filling material which not only maintains the light-weight characteristic, but also has excellent mechanical strength, water resistance and high-grade fireproof performance is a technical problem to be solved currently. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a lightweight fireproof filling material produced by using expanded perlite and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of large increase, poor flexibility, limited high-temperature fireproof performance improvement and the like in the prior art. The embodiment of the application provides a lightweight fireproof filling material produced by using expanded perlite, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-90 parts of expanded perlite; 5-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol; 0.5-10 parts of MXnes; 1-10 parts of zinc oxide; 0.5-3 parts of silane coupling agent; 1-5 parts of composite modified layered double hydroxide. Optionally, the lightweight fire-proof filler comprises, in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of expanded perlite; 10-20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol; 2-8 parts of MXnes; 4-6 parts of zinc oxide; 1-2 parts of silane coupling agent; 2-4 parts of composite modified layered double hydroxide. Optionally, the composite modified layered double hydroxide is a core-shell structure composite, wherein the core layer is a magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite roasting product obtained by organic anion intercalation and roasting treatment, the shell layer is metakaolin coated on the surface of the core layer, and the mass ratio of the metakaolin is 10% -50% based on the total weight of the composite modified layered double hydroxide. Optionally, the organic anion intercalating agent is selected from at least one of dodecyl sulfate, dodecyl benzene sulfonate, terephthalate, phytate, molybdate, borate. Optionally, the temperature of the calcination treatment is 450 ℃ to 600 ℃. Optionally, the mxnes is a few or multiple layer Ti 3C2Tx, wherein T x represents a surface functional group including-OH, and the mxnes is prepared by a method comprising the steps of: (1) Etching, namely adding Ti 3C2 MAX phase powder into a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and lithium fluoride to react at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ for 20-28 hours; (2) Washing and stripping, namely washing the product obtained in the step (1) to be neutral, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a few-layer Ti 3C2Tx dispersion; (3) And (3) alkali treatment, namely mixing the less-layer Ti 3C2Tx dispersion liquid with alkali solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol/L, reactin