CN-122010476-A - Cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on multiple solid wastes and construction method

CN122010476ACN 122010476 ACN122010476 ACN 122010476ACN-122010476-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on multiple solid wastes and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of polymer concrete. The method comprises the steps of forming a composite precursor by slag powder, retired fan blade micropowder, red brick micropowder and nano silicon dioxide, forming a composite alkali-exciting agent by instant potassium silicate and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, curing by taking rubber powder and retired fan blade fiber as additives, taking polyvinyl alcohol as a modifier and taking sand, stone and stone powder as aggregate, and obtaining the geopolymer hydraulic sprayed concrete. During construction, the twice alkali excitation mode is adopted, so that the mixture can be quickly coagulated after being sprayed out, the hydraulic tunnel supporting requirement is met, the instant potassium silicate is used as a precursor alkali excitant, the common frost return phenomenon of the geopolymer concrete can be effectively inhibited, meanwhile, the geopolymer is modified by the polyvinyl alcohol, the bonding strength can be increased, the spraying rebound rate can be reduced, the cracking resistance can be improved, the freezing and thawing resistance and the impermeability of the geopolymer can be improved, and a powerful guarantee is provided for the safety of the hydraulic tunnel.

Inventors

YUAN JINFENG
GU XIAOXI
WANG BAIYANG
Guo Zuopeng
ZHANG LIMEI
TONG XIAODONG
ZHANG YU
RU SHIRONG
WANG FEI
LI JIAN
CHEN YONGMING
SONG YANG

Assignees

吉林省水利科学研究院(吉林省水利科技推广总站、吉林省水利水电工程质量检测中心、吉林省灌溉试验中心站)
吉林省水利水电工程局集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260415

Claims (8)

1. The cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on multiple solid wastes is characterized in that the raw materials consist of a composite precursor, a composite alkali-exciting agent, an additive, a modifier and aggregate; the composite precursor comprises slag powder, retired fan blade micro powder, red brick micro powder and nano silicon dioxide; The compound alkali excitant comprises instant potassium silicate and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate; The additive consists of rubber powder and retired fan blade fibers; the modifier is polyvinyl alcohol; The aggregate includes sand, stone and stone dust.
2. The cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on multiple solid wastes, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising, by weight, 350-390 parts of slag powder, 50-100 parts of retired fan blade micropowder, 28-32 parts of red brick micropowder, 3-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 30-50 parts of instant potassium silicate, 15-20 parts of sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, 25-30 parts of rubber powder, 1-2 parts of retired fan blade fiber, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 795-845 parts of sand, 60-100 parts of stone powder and 685-735 parts of stone, wherein 180-200 parts of water is required to be added when the concrete is prepared.
3. The cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on the multiple solid wastes, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that slag powder is of grade S95 or grade S105, the specific surface area is not lower than 400m 2 /kg, the red brick micro powder is formed by crushing and grinding building waste red bricks, the fineness is 200 meshes, the retired fan blade micro powder is formed by grinding and screening retired fan blades, the fineness is 200 meshes, and the nano silicon dioxide particle size is 5-100nm.
4. The cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on the multiple solid wastes, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the instant potassium silicate is industrial grade white powder with a modulus of 2.3-2.5, and the sodium metasilicate pentahydrate is industrial grade white powder with a fineness of 60 meshes.
5. The cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on the multiple solid wastes, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the rubber powder is formed by crushing and grinding old tires, the fineness is 150 meshes, and the diameter of fiber monofilaments of the retired fan blades is 5 mu m, and the length is 3-5mm.
6. The cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on multiple solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol is dry powder mixed type with fineness of 160 meshes.
7. The cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on the multiple solid wastes, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the sand is natural sand, the fineness modulus is 2.4-2.8, the crushed stone particle size is 5-15mm, the stone powder is obtained by screening waste stone scraps, and the particle size is not more than 0.16mm.
8. The construction method for hydraulically spraying concrete by adopting the polymer in the cold region based on the multiple solid wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step S1, preparing a ready-mixed material; According to weight, 350-390 parts of slag powder, 50-100 parts of retired fan blade micro powder, 28-32 parts of red brick micro powder, 3-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 25-30 parts of rubber powder, 1-2 parts of retired fan blade fiber, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 795-845 parts of natural sand, 60-100 parts of stone powder and 685-735 parts of crushed stone are put into a stirrer, forced stirring is adopted, and stirring is carried out for 3min, so that uniform pre-mixed materials are obtained; Step S2, primary alkali excitation; dissolving 30-50 parts by weight of instant potassium silicate into 120-140 parts by weight of water, fully dissolving, putting into a stirrer, continuously adopting forced stirring for not less than 2min, and finishing primary alkali excitation; S3, transporting sprayed concrete; Transporting the mixture subjected to the first alkali excitation to a construction point through a concrete pump truck, wherein the mixture is required to complete spraying operation within 2 hours after the first alkali excitation; step S4, secondary alkali excitation; After reaching the spraying operation site, 15-20 parts by weight of sodium metasilicate pentahydrate is dissolved in 60 parts by weight of water to prepare a secondary alkali excitation solution, and the secondary alkali excitation solution is added into the mixture through a nozzle of a concrete sprayer to perform secondary alkali excitation; Step S5, spraying operation; The spraying operation is carried out in a slicing or sectioning mode, spraying is carried out on the surface of the bedrock of the surrounding rock of the tunnel to be supported according to the spraying sequence from the side face to the top face and from bottom to top, the primary spraying thickness is controlled to be 10-30mm, the secondary spraying thickness is controlled to be 20-40mm, and the secondary spraying is carried out after 5-10min of final setting of the primary sprayed concrete; s6, curing the cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on multiple solid wastes; And after final setting for 2 hours, water spraying maintenance is started, and the maintenance time is 7-14 days.

Description

Cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on multiple solid wastes and construction method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of geopolymer concrete, and particularly relates to a cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on multiple solid wastes and a construction method. Background Along with the rapid promotion of industrialization, the generation amount of solid waste in China is increased, and the proper disposal of the solid waste is a necessary choice for improving the living environment of human beings and protecting the health of human bodies. Early fan equipment is about to come out of service, and the current waste blade treatment method is not mature, so that a large amount of emerging solid wastes are formed. The degradation speed of the waste tires is slow, the recovery utilization rate of China is low, the human health is endangered to a certain extent, and the waste tires are solid wastes endangering natural ecology. In addition, a large amount of abandoned stones are generated in the hydraulic tunnel tunneling process, the broken hydraulic tunnel can be used as concrete aggregate, and a large amount of stone dust is generated at the same time, so that serious pollution is brought to the environment. In addition, the hydraulic tunnel is subjected to high-speed water flow scouring abrasion and has corresponding anti-abrasion performance, and is in a permanent shotcrete project with serious freeze thawing erosion, and the shotcrete has certain anti-freeze thawing circulation capacity, so that the comprehensive performance of the shotcrete needs to be improved. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to replace the traditional Portland cement by a geopolymer concrete technology, fully utilize the novel solid waste, and make regenerated fibers and micro powder produced by retired fan blades, rubber powder produced by waste tires and waste stone chips into multiple solid wastes, and promote the chemical reaction of a composite cementing material to be solidified by alkali excitation to prepare the geopolymer concrete which is applied to hydraulic shotcrete and improve the performance index of the hydraulic shotcrete. In order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the cold region polymer hydraulic shotcrete based on multiple solid wastes is prepared from the raw materials of a composite precursor, a composite alkali-exciting agent, an additive, a modifier and aggregate; the composite precursor comprises slag powder, retired fan blade micro powder, red brick micro powder and nano silicon dioxide; The compound alkali excitant comprises instant potassium silicate and sodium metasilicate pentahydrate; The additive consists of rubber powder and retired fan blade fibers; the retired fan blade fiber can improve the anti-abrasion performance and the crack resistance of the concrete. The modifier is polyvinyl alcohol; The aggregate includes sand, stone and stone dust. Further, the raw materials comprise, by weight, 350-390 parts of slag powder, 50-100 parts of retired fan blade micro powder, 28-32 parts of red brick micro powder, 3-5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 30-50 parts of instant potassium silicate, 15-20 parts of sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, 25-30 parts of rubber powder, 1-2 parts of retired fan blade fiber, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 795-845 parts of sand, 60-100 parts of stone powder and 685-735 parts of stone, and 180-200 parts of water is required to be added during configuration. Further, the slag powder is of grade S95 or grade S105, the specific surface area is not lower than 400m 2/kg, the red brick micro powder is formed by crushing and grinding building waste red bricks, the fineness is 200 meshes, the decommissioning fan blade micro powder is formed by grinding and screening decommissioning fan blades, the fineness is 200 meshes, and the nano silicon dioxide particle size is 5-100nm. Further, the instant potassium silicate is industrial grade white powder with the modulus of 2.3-2.5, and the sodium metasilicate pentahydrate is industrial grade white powder with the fineness of 60 meshes. Further, the rubber powder is formed by crushing and grinding old tires, the fineness is 150 meshes, and the diameter of fiber monofilaments of the retired fan blade is 5 mu m, and the length is 3-5mm. Further, the polyvinyl alcohol is dry powder mixed type, and the fineness is 160 meshes. Further, the sand is natural sand, the fineness modulus is 2.4-2.8, the particle size of the broken stone is 5-15mm, the stone powder is formed by screening waste stone scraps, and the particle size is not more than 0.16mm. A construction method for hydraulically spraying concrete by adopting polymers in cold regions based on multiple solid wastes comprises the following steps: step S1, preparing a ready-mixed material; According to weight, 350-390 parts of slag powder, 50-100 parts of retired fan blade micro powder, 28-32 parts of re