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CN-122010525-A - Aerogel heat insulation sheet, normal temperature and normal pressure preparation method and application thereof

CN122010525ACN 122010525 ACN122010525 ACN 122010525ACN-122010525-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerogel heat insulation materials, and particularly discloses an aerogel heat insulation sheet, a normal-temperature and normal-pressure preparation method and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing titanium dioxide and trimethylethoxysilane and uniformly stirring to form a mixed liquid; then, mixing and stirring the mixed liquid and tetraethoxysilane to form composite sol; then, the composite sol is coated on a glass fiber substrate in a spraying way to obtain aerogel-glass fiber composite gel; placing the composite gel into an alkaline silicon solution for aging for 48 hours, then carrying out pretreatment drying, transferring into an oven for drying, and finally obtaining the aerogel heat insulation sheet; finally, testing the heat insulation performance of the product; the aerogel heat insulation sheet prepared by the method has the advantages of easily available raw materials, simple process, low cost and the like, has excellent heat insulation performance, stable structure and good mechanical strength, and can be widely applied to the fields of building heat preservation, electronic equipment heat dissipation protection, industrial pipeline heat insulation and the like.

Inventors

  • YANG JIA
  • SU WENTAO
  • WANG YUANZHEN
  • LENG HAO
  • Guan Zhongliu
  • BAI YUANYU

Assignees

  • 中科润资(重庆)节能科技有限公司
  • 中科润资(赤峰)新材料科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260228

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The method for preparing the aerogel heat insulation sheet at normal temperature and normal pressure is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, preparing mixed liquid, namely taking trimethylethoxysilane with set mass, taking titanium pigment according to 1% of the mass of the trimethylethoxysilane, adding the titanium pigment into the trimethylethoxysilane with set mass, and uniformly stirring to form the mixed liquid; s2, preparing composite sol, namely mixing the mixed liquid obtained in the step S1 with tetraethoxysilane according to the volume percentage of 1:2, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite sol; S3, gel forming, namely uniformly curtain coating the composite sol obtained in the step S2 on a glass fiber substrate, standing at normal temperature, and obtaining aerogel-glass fiber composite gel after the composite sol is completely gel; s4, aging treatment, namely putting the aerogel-glass fiber composite gel obtained in the step S3 into an alkaline silicon solution, soaking and aging for 48 hours; s5, drying, namely putting the aerogel-glass fiber composite gel subjected to the ageing treatment in the step S4 into a microwave drying device, heating for 10min, transferring the heated gel-glass fiber composite gel into an oven, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain an aerogel heat-insulating sheet; s6, performance test, namely performing heat insulation performance test on the dried aerogel heat insulation sheet, and evaluating the heat insulation effect of the aerogel heat insulation sheet.
  2. 2. The method for preparing aerogel thermal insulation sheets at normal temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the stirring speed is 400-500r/min, and the stirring time is 15-25min.
  3. 3. The method for preparing aerogel heat insulation sheets at normal temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the particle size of the titanium dioxide is 50-100nm, and the purity is more than or equal to 99.5%. .
  4. 4. The method for preparing the aerogel heat insulation sheet at normal temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the pH value of the tetraethoxysilane is 5.5-6.0, the mixing and stirring speed is 400-500r/min, and the stirring time is 20-30min.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the aerogel heat insulation sheet at normal temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the glass fiber base material is silica glass fiber, the thickness is 1.5-1.7mm, the surface density is 80-120g/m < 2 >, the curtain coating amount of the composite sol is 200-300g/m < 2 >, and the standing time is 15-20min at normal temperature.
  6. 6. The method for preparing aerogel thermal insulation sheets at normal temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the alkaline silicon solution is a mixed solution of sodium silicate aqueous solution and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of sodium silicate is 0.5-1.0mol/L, the pH value of the alkaline silicon solution is 10-12, the temperature of the solution is kept at 25-30 ℃ in the aging process, and the alkaline silicon solution is replaced every 12 hours.
  7. 7. The method for preparing aerogel heat insulation sheets at normal temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the heating power of the microwave drying device is 100-200W, the drying time of the oven is 2-4h, and ventilation in the oven is kept during the drying process.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the aerogel heat insulation sheet at normal temperature and normal pressure according to claim 1, wherein in the step S6, a steady-state flat plate method is adopted for the heat insulation performance test, the test temperature range is 25-200 ℃, the test environment humidity is 40-60% RH, and the heat insulation temperature of a qualified product is more than or equal to 130 ℃.
  9. 9. Aerogel thermal insulation sheet prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-8.
  10. 10. Use of the aerogel insulation sheet according to claim 9 for building insulation, electronic equipment heat dissipation protection or industrial pipe insulation.

Description

Aerogel heat insulation sheet, normal temperature and normal pressure preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of aerogel heat insulation materials, and particularly relates to an aerogel heat insulation sheet, a normal-temperature and normal-pressure preparation method and application thereof. Background Aerogel is used as a novel light material with a nano porous network structure, and becomes one of the currently known solid materials with optimal heat insulation performance by virtue of extremely high porosity and extremely low heat conductivity coefficient. The heat insulation material has excellent heat insulation characteristics, low density and high temperature resistance, and has wide application prospects in the scenes of building heat insulation, aerospace, heat dissipation of electronic equipment, heat insulation of industrial pipelines and the like. However, the large-scale production and practical use of aerogels has long been limited by the complexity of the manufacturing process. The key bottleneck of the traditional aerogel preparation process is the drying link, and the step generally depends on the supercritical drying technology. Supercritical drying is required to run under high temperature and high pressure conditions, has extremely severe requirements on equipment, and not only needs to invest huge capital to purchase a special high-pressure container, but also is accompanied by extremely high energy consumption. In the operation process, the temperature and pressure parameters must be accurately regulated, and any fine deviation may cause collapse of the gel structure or rejection of the product, so that the whole process is complicated and the fault tolerance is low. These factors together promote the production cost and severely restrict the large-scale industrialized application of the aerogel. In order to break through the limitation of supercritical drying, scientific researchers turn to develop normal temperature and normal pressure drying technology. However, the existing normal temperature and normal pressure preparation method still has obvious defects. Some schemes require the addition of expensive modifiers, such as specific silane compounds, to improve the structural stability of the aerogel, which directly increases the cost of raw materials, while others use a large amount of organic solvents as reaction media, which not only increases the production cost, but also introduces additional environmental treatment burden and safety risks. In addition, many aerogel microstructures prepared at normal temperature and normal pressure are not ideal, and are characterized by loose network connection and insufficient mechanical strength, so that the aerogel is extremely easy to crack or break in the conventional carrying, mounting or using process, and the requirements of actual engineering on the material strength are difficult to meet. The control of process parameters is very sensitive, such as small fluctuation of pH value, stirring speed and time, can lead to fluctuation of product performance, poor batch stability, low production efficiency and incapability of adapting to continuous mass production requirements. Aerogel insulation also presents challenges in terms of weak bond to the substrate. When the aerogel is coated on a glass fiber and other base materials, the interfacial compatibility is poor, the binding force is weak, and layering phenomenon is easy to occur in a long-term thermal cycle or mechanical vibration environment. This not only weakens the overall insulation effectiveness, but may also cause localized failure of the material. Meanwhile, the heat insulation performance of the aerogel tends to be gradually attenuated along with the use time, and is mainly due to the slow collapse of the nano porous structure under the action of environmental factors, so that the service life and the reliability are further influenced. In the prior art, the regulation and control means for the microstructure of the aerogel are limited, and the cooperative optimization of the heat insulation performance and the structural stability is difficult to realize while the process is simplified and the cost is reduced. In view of the above, there is a need in the art for improvements. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an aerogel heat-insulating sheet, a normal-temperature normal-pressure preparation method and application thereof, and the method has the advantages of easily available raw materials, simple process, no need of supercritical drying equipment, low cost and the like. In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme of the invention is that the method for preparing the aerogel heat insulation sheet at normal temperature and normal pressure comprises the following steps: S1, preparing mixed liquid, namely taking trimethylethoxysilane with set mass, taking titanium pigment according to 1% of t