CN-122010569-A - Multicomponent carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material and a preparation method thereof. The chemical composition of the multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material is at least three of M 2 AlC-MC, M= Ti, ta, nb, hf, V, and the atomic ratio of each metal atom at the M point is 5-35%.

Inventors

• YIN JIE
• Deng Aoli
• HUANG ZHENGREN
• LIU XUEJIAN
• CHEN ZHONGMING
• YAO XIUMIN

Assignees

• 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20241111

Claims (10)

1. 1. The multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material is characterized in that the chemical composition of the multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material is M 2 AlC-MC, M= Ti, ta, nb, hf, V, and the atomic ratio of each metal atom at the M point is 5-35%.
2. 2. The multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material of claim 1, wherein the phase composition of the multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material comprises M 2 AlC phase and MC phase; Preferably, the mass ratio of the M 2 AlC phase is 60-80% and the mass ratio of the MC phase is 20-40% based on 100% of the total mass of the multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material.
3. 3. The multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material of claim 1 or 2, wherein the multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material has a vickers hardness of 5.3-12.5GPa and a fracture toughness of 3.7-5.9 MPa-m 1/2 .
4. 4. A method of producing a multi-component carbide-reinforced MAX-phase ceramic material according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of: (1) The simple substance powder of the transition group metal M, the excessive 10% aluminum powder and the carbon powder with the deficiency 10% are respectively weighed according to the chemical components of the multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material, and the raw material mixed powder is obtained through ball milling, mixing and sieving; (2) And loading the raw material mixed powder into a graphite die for prepressing, then carrying out reactive hot-pressing sintering, and cooling and reducing the pressure after the sintering is completed to obtain the multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material.
5. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the ball-milling mixture has a ball-to-material ratio of 4-6:1, a ball milling rotation speed of 200-400rpm, a ball milling time of 6-12h, and a grinding ball medium of ZrO.
6. 6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein in the step (1), the mesh number of the screen is 200 to 250 mesh.
7. 7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein in the pre-pressing step (2), the pre-pressing is performed under a pressure of 20MPa for 5 to 10 minutes.
8. 8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein in the step (2), the graphite mold is sprayed with BN paint on the inner wall and the surface of the indenter before loading.
9. 9. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein in step (2), the reactive hot-press sintering is performed in an Ar atmosphere or vacuum, the vacuum degree of which is controlled to not lower than 10 1 Pa, the heating rate is 5 to 12 ℃ per minute, preferably 10 ℃ per minute, the sintering temperature is 1600 to 1700 ℃, preferably 1700 ℃, the holding time is 1 to 3 hours, preferably 2 hours, the holding time is 0.5 to 1 hour, preferably 1 hour, at 600 ℃ and 50MPa, preferably 40MPa, during the heating.
10. 10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein in step (2), the cooling is performed by cooling to room temperature in a furnace.

Description

Multicomponent carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of structural ceramics, and particularly relates to a multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material and a preparation method thereof. Background MAX phase materials are a class of ternary layered carbides or nitrides having a hexagonal lattice structure, where M and a correspond to the transition and main groups of the periodic table, respectively, and X is carbon or nitrogen. The structural general formula of the traditional MAX phase can be expressed by M n+1AXn, and can be divided into 211 phase (M 2 AX), 312 phase (M 3AX2), 413 phase (M 4AX3) and the like according to the difference of n values. The MAX phase has alternating structural features of a atomic layer and MX atomic layer along the c-axis, with covalent and ionic bonds between M and X atoms, which are much stronger than the covalent and metallic bonds between M and a atoms. In addition, M atoms are linked by metal bonds, which are of low strength. Thus, the bond between MX and a layers is very weak, which makes MAX phase a unique nanolayered structure. Due to the unique laminated structure of alternating MX sheet layers and A sheet layers, the MAX phase has the excellent characteristics of metal and ceramic, including low density, high modulus, good electric conduction and heat conduction properties and machinability, and meanwhile, part of MAX phase (Cr 2AlC、Ti2 AlC, ti 3AlC2 and the like) also has good oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, friction and abrasion resistance and the like. Researches show that several typical MAX phases (such as Ti 3SiC2、Ti2 AlC, ti 3AlC2 and the like) also have excellent neutron, electron and heavy ion irradiation damage resistance, so that the method has good application prospect in the fields of high temperature, nuclear industry and the like, the material is expected to be used for high-temperature structural materials, nuclear fuel cladding materials, new generation electrode brush materials, bearings and sealing elements which work under strong acid and alkali environments, and the like. However, the hardness and strength of conventional MAX-phase ceramics are relatively low compared to ceramic materials, which greatly limits their use in engineering practice. Therefore, improvement of mechanical properties thereof is urgently required. Generally, the mechanical properties of the MAX phase are improved by strengthening means such as solid solution strengthening, second phase grain strengthening, and texture strengthening. The conception of the high-entropy alloy is proposed by Cantor, yeh et al in 2004, the high-entropy alloy has unique high-entropy effect, lattice distortion effect, hysteresis diffusion effect and cocktail effect, excellent performances such as high strength, high hardness, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and the like are given to the high-entropy alloy, and the design concept of the multi-component high-entropy alloy with the equimolar ratio breaks through the traditional design concept of single component components. "high entropy" is a new material design theory that has received much attention and has expanded to other material areas. In addition, metal carbides have a high melting point, high hardness, and excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability, and are considered to be or have been applied to the ultra-high temperature and nuclear fields. Based on the above, the invention carries out entropy increasing element solid solution design on the MAX phase M point location, and utilizes the 'high entropy effect' of multiple components and the introduction of multiple component metal carbide to form biphase ceramic, thereby enhancing the MAX phase ceramic material and expanding the application of the MAX phase ceramic material in engineering practice. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problem of lower strength and hardness of the traditional MAX phase ceramic, the invention aims to further improve the mechanical property of the MAX phase ceramic and provides a multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material and a preparation method thereof. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-component carbide-reinforced MAX-phase ceramic material, the chemical composition of the multi-component carbide-reinforced MAX-phase ceramic material is at least three of M 2 AlC-MC, m= Ti, ta, nb, hf, V, and the atomic ratio of each metal atom at the M point is between 5 and 35%. Preferably, the phase composition of the multi-component carbide-enhanced MAX phase ceramic material comprises an M 2 AlC phase and an MC phase; Preferably, the mass ratio of the M 2 AlC phase is 60-80% and the mass ratio of the MC phase is 20-40% based on 100% of the total mass of the multi-component carbide reinforced MAX phase ceramic material. Preferably, the multi-component carbide reinforced MAX pha