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CN-122010593-A - Inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material and preparation method and application thereof

CN122010593ACN 122010593 ACN122010593 ACN 122010593ACN-122010593-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fireproof heat-insulating materials, and particularly relates to an inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) uniformly mixing inorganic resin, a calcium-based modifier and reinforcing fibers, foaming the mixture in a foaming agent to obtain slurry, (2) performing freeze drying treatment on the slurry to form a porous preform, and (3) performing carbonization treatment on the porous preform in a CO 2 atmosphere to obtain the composite material. The inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material provided by the invention has excellent heat-insulating performance and fireproof performance, and is high in strength, light in weight, low in temperature, green and low in carbon in the preparation process.

Inventors

  • GAO YUXIN
  • ZENG CHAO
  • YE ZI
  • LIU MING
  • YAN SONGLING
  • JIN ZIHAO
  • ZHANG RUI
  • HAN WENJIN

Assignees

  • 中建西部建设建材科学研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251223

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Uniformly mixing inorganic resin, a calcium-based modifier and reinforcing fibers, and foaming the mixture in a foaming agent to obtain slurry; (2) Freeze-drying the slurry to form a porous preform; (3) And (3) carbonizing the porous preform in the CO 2 atmosphere to obtain the porous preform.
  2. 2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the inorganic resin, the calcium-based modifier, the reinforcing fiber and the foaming agent is 60-80:5-15:10-20:1-3.
  3. 3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic resin is silica sol, and the solid content is 20-40wt%; The calcium-based modifier is Ca (OH) 2 or CaO.
  4. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing fiber is a hollow glass fiber or a ceramic fiber, the fiber diameter is 3 to 15 μm, and the length is 100 to 500 μm.
  5. 5. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the foaming agent comprises sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene glycol and silicone oil in a mass ratio of 2-5:8-15:0.5-2.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1), the foaming treatment is specifically stirring at a speed of 300 to 700rpm at 5 to 15 ℃ until the slurry viscosity is 800 to 1200 mpa-s.
  7. 7. The production method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step (2), the freeze-drying process comprises the steps of: A. freezing and forming, namely firstly cooling to-22 to-18 ℃ at the temperature of 4-6 ℃ per minute, then cooling to-42 to-38 ℃ at the temperature of 2-4 ℃ per minute, and preserving heat for 4-6 hours; B. Vacuum drying, wherein the vacuum degree is controlled below 10Pa, the temperature is firstly increased to-22 to-18 ℃ and kept for 5-8 hours, then the temperature is increased to-2 ℃ and kept for 10-12 hours, and finally the temperature is increased to 18 to 22 ℃ and kept until the water content of the material is less than or equal to 0.5 percent.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (3), the carbonization treatment is carried out under the conditions of CO 2 pressure of 0.1-1 MPa, temperature of 40-80 ℃ and treatment time of 2-8 hours.
  9. 9. An inorganic resin fireproof thermal insulation material which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8; Preferably, the porosity of the inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material is 85-95%; wherein the volume ratio of macropores with the aperture of 50-300 mu m in all pores is 60-80%, and the volume ratio of micropores with the aperture of 1-100nm in all pores is 20-40%.
  10. 10. The application of the inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-8 or the inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material of claim 9 in heat insulation of building external walls or industrial pipelines.

Description

Inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of fireproof heat-insulating materials, and particularly relates to an inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background The current building heat insulation materials are mainly divided into two major types, namely organic heat insulation materials and inorganic heat insulation materials, but the two major technical bottlenecks exist, and particularly, the balance between the fireproof performance and the heat conductivity coefficient is difficult to consider. Organic heat-insulating materials (such as polystyrene foam EPS/XPS and polyurethane PU) occupy market predominance by virtue of light weight (density 15-50 kg/m < 3 >) and ultra-low heat conductivity coefficient (0.022-0.040W/(m.K)), but have the core problems of flammability, general B1 level or lower combustion performance, rapid melting and dripping when meeting fire, release of toxic gases (such as hydrogen cyanide and benzene series), aggravation of fire hazard, poor structural stability, easy aging and shrinkage after long-term use, falling off of empty walls, low temperature resistance limit, decomposition of polyurethane at above 150 ℃ and incapability of meeting the requirements of industrial pipelines (> 300 ℃) or fire high-temperature environments. In the prior improvement scheme, CN112479738A discloses a multistage-hole inorganic composite polyphenyl non-combustible heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof, and the fire-proof grade is improved to A2 by doping inorganic gel material (silicate) and flame retardant, but the heat conductivity coefficient is rebounded to more than 0.050W/(m.K), and the mechanical property is reduced. Inorganic materials (such as rock wool, aerogel and foam glass) have A-level incombustibility, but short plates with high heat conductivity coefficient (0.036-0.050W/(m.K)), difficulty in meeting the requirement of ultra-low energy consumption building standard (less than or equal to 0.030W/(m.K)), weak mechanical property, compression strength of the rock wool of only 0.05-0.15 MPa, high brittleness (easy pulverization) of the aerogel and incapability of bearing construction load, high energy consumption process, the rock wool needs to be melted and centrifuged at 1400 ℃ to form fibers, the aerogel depends on supercritical drying, carbon emission is 3-5 times that of the organic materials, and the structure is uncontrollable, so that the traditional sintering method is difficult to accurately regulate multi-level pores (micron-nanometer cooperation), and the heat insulation and strength performance cannot be considered. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material, a preparation method and application thereof, and the inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material has excellent heat insulation performance and fireproof performance, and is high in strength, light in weight, low in temperature, green and low in carbon in preparation process. Specifically, the invention provides the following technical scheme: The preparation method of the inorganic resin fireproof heat-insulating material comprises the following steps: (1) Uniformly mixing inorganic resin, a calcium-based modifier and reinforcing fibers, and foaming the mixture in a foaming agent to obtain slurry; (2) Freeze-drying the slurry to form a porous preform; (3) And (3) carbonizing the porous preform in the CO 2 atmosphere to obtain the porous preform. Preferably, the mass ratio of the inorganic resin to the calcium-based modifier to the reinforcing fiber to the foaming agent is 60-80:5-15:10-20:1-3. According to the invention, inorganic silicate resin is used as a matrix, a calcium-based modifier is introduced as a carbonization reaction source, reinforcing fibers are introduced to strengthen the mechanical strength and structural stability of the porous preform, cracking and shrinkage of the porous preform in the freeze-drying process are restrained, a reinforced skeleton is formed in a final carbonized product, a foaming agent is introduced to regulate and control a pore structure, the components play a role in complementary advantages by coordinating different material characteristics and optimizing a mixing ratio, a multi-stage pore structure of 50-300 mu m is constructed by directional freeze-drying, and then a nano calcium carbonate reinforced skeleton is generated in situ by CO 2 low-pressure carbonization, and micropores of 1-100 nm are generated, so that the fireproof thermal insulation material with excellent comprehensive performance is finally prepared. Preferably, the inorganic resin is silica sol, and the solid content is 20-40wt%. Preferably, the calcium-based modifier is Ca (OH) 2 or CaO. Preferably, the