CN-122010604-A - Micro-oxygen-aerobic coupling fermentation composting reactor and process thereof

CN122010604ACN 122010604 ACN122010604 ACN 122010604ACN-122010604-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composting and provides a micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting reactor and a process thereof, wherein the process comprises the steps of placing raw materials above an aeration member in a kettle body; starting a pump, supplying gas to the aeration component by a first aeration strategy for a first time period to perform micro-oxygen pretreatment on the raw materials to obtain transitional raw materials, and starting the pump, supplying gas to the aeration component by a second aeration strategy for a second time period to perform aerobic fermentation treatment on the transitional raw materials to obtain the needed compost products. Through the configuration, a coupling fermentation path with definite parameter boundaries and time scales is formed, a reproducible micro-aerobic coupling fermentation process is constructed, and the process is sequentially switched from a micro-aerobic environment to an aerobic environment, so that the succession of microbial community structures and the staged guidance of functional metabolic paths are realized.

Inventors

LUO WENHAI
CUI BIN
MENG FANQIAO
XU ZHICHENG
Qi chuanren
YUAN NING

Assignees

中国农业大学三亚研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251226

Claims (10)

1. A micro-aerobic coupling fermentation composting reactor is characterized by comprising a kettle body, a kettle cover, an aeration component, an oxygen content sensor, a pump, a gas transmission pipeline and a flow metering element, wherein The aeration component is arranged at the bottom of the kettle body, the kettle cover is arranged at the top of the kettle body, the oxygen content sensor is arranged below the kettle cover, the pump is in fluid connection with the aeration component through the gas transmission pipeline, and the gas transmission pipeline is provided with the flow metering element.
2. The micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting reactor according to claim 1, further comprising a controller in communication with the oxygen content sensor and the pump, respectively.
3. A micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting process performed using a micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting reactor according to any of claims 1-2, comprising the steps of: Placing the raw materials above an aeration member in the kettle body; Starting a pump, supplying gas to the aeration component in a first aeration strategy for a first duration to perform micro-oxygen pretreatment on the raw material to obtain a transition raw material; And starting a pump, supplying gas to the aeration component in a second aeration strategy, and continuing for a second time period to perform aerobic fermentation treatment on the transitional raw material to obtain the required compost.
4. A micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting process according to claim 3, wherein the first aeration strategy is to intermittently supply gas at a preset time interval at a first aeration intensity of 0.24L/(kg-min).
5. A micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting process according to claim 3, characterised in that the second aeration strategy is to continuously supply gas with a second aeration intensity of 0.36L/(kg-min).
6. A micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting process according to claim 3, wherein the step of activating the pump to supply gas to the aeration means in a first aeration strategy for a first period of time further comprises: And turning the transition raw materials.
7. The micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting process of claim 3, wherein the step of activating the pump to supply gas to the aeration member in a second aeration strategy for a second period of time further comprises: Dividing the second time length into a plurality of sub-stage time lengths; and turning the transition raw materials between any two adjacent sub-stage duration.
8. The micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting process of claim 7, wherein the number of sub-stage durations is three, each of the sub-stage durations being equivalent to each other.
9. The micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting process of claim 3 or 4, wherein the step of activating the pump to supply gas to the aeration member in a first aeration strategy for a first period of time further comprises: Acquiring oxygen content data in the kettle body by using an oxygen content sensor; And actively adjusting the duration of the preset time interval and/or the duration of the supplied gas by a controller according to the obtained oxygen content data.
10. The micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting process of claim 9, wherein the step of activating the pump to supply gas to the aeration member in a first aeration strategy for a first period of time further comprises: the oxygen content in the kettle body is kept between 1% and 5%.

Description

Micro-oxygen-aerobic coupling fermentation composting reactor and process thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of composting, in particular to a micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting reactor and a process thereof. Background With the improvement of the living standard of residents in China, the demand of people for meat, eggs and milk is increased year by year, the continuous expansion of the livestock and poultry cultivation scale in China is directly promoted, and meanwhile, the production of livestock and poultry manure is rapidly increased. Aerobic composting is an important means for organic waste treatment and resource utilization, and refers to a biodegradation process for decomposing and converting organic waste into stable humus substances through the metabolism of microorganisms in an aerobic environment. However, the traditional aerobic composting process in most areas mainly has the problems of over-high nitrogen volatilization and carbon mineralization speed, low utilization efficiency of refractory organic matters, insufficient diversity of microbial communities, high energy consumption and cost, insufficient emission of greenhouse gases and insufficient odor treatment and the like. For example, patent application number 202010511192.8 "a micro intelligent temperature-controlled composting reactor" and patent application number CN102757270B "a horizontal cylinder rolling aerobic fermentation device with heat exchange" mainly focus on engineering implementation aspects of reactor structural design, heating/heat preservation mode, aeration arrangement and the like, although an aeration unit is arranged in a related device, closed-loop control logic formed by an oxygen sensor, a controller and an executing member and key parameters thereof (such as an oxygen concentration threshold value, a sampling frequency, an aeration rhythm and the like) are not disclosed at the same time, so that it is difficult to support the device with clear technical evidence that oxygen is dominant to drive microbial community regulation. Although the patent with application number 202210978079.X discloses a staged oxygen supply strategy, the oxygen regulation and control of the integrated aerobic fermentation equipment and the fermentation process thereof are always limited in an aerobic fermentation condition, essentially belong to oxygen supply parameter optimization under an aerobic metabolism frame, and a micro-oxygen-aerobic alternate metabolism environment conversion mechanism is not constructed yet. The patent with the publication number of CN103011406B discloses an improved device and method for fermenting and coupling primary sludge and denitrification by a micro-oxygen aeration related technological parameter, but the treatment object is a sludge/sewage treatment system, the technological type belongs to micro-oxygen-anaerobic coupling fermentation, a liquid phase or high water content system is taken as a main reaction medium, the treatment object and the material mass transfer characteristics are obviously different from those of composting and solid organic waste fermentation, and the micro-oxygen regulation and control requirement in the composting process is difficult to directly analogize or apply. Therefore, the existing composting reactor and the related process thereof generally lack a coupling fermentation mode which is orderly connected from micro-oxygen to aerobic, and the staged guidance of the composting microbial community and the functional metabolic process is difficult to realize. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting reactor and a process thereof, which are used for solving the defect of the lack of micro-aerobic coupled organic composting fermentation process in the prior art and realizing a systematic fermentation composting process taking an oxygen environment as a drive/guide and stepwise switching fermentation process flow as a core. According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting reactor comprising a tank body, a tank cover, an aeration member, an oxygen content sensor, a pump, a gas line and a flow metering element, wherein The aeration component is arranged at the bottom of the kettle body, the kettle cover is arranged at the top of the kettle body, the oxygen content sensor is arranged below the kettle cover, the pump is in fluid connection with the aeration component through a gas transmission pipeline, and the gas transmission pipeline is provided with a flow metering element. The micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting reactor provided by the invention further comprises a controller which is respectively in communication connection with the oxygen content sensor and the pump. According to a second aspect of the present invention there is also provided a micro-aerobic coupled fermentation composting process