CN-122010617-A - Composite root system humectant for improving transplanting survival rate of cassava seed seedlings and preparation method thereof

CN122010617ACN 122010617 ACN122010617 ACN 122010617ACN-122010617-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seed seedlings and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of functional preparations for agricultural planting, wherein the root system humectant comprises, by weight, 8-13 parts of a cassava homologous extract, 2-4 parts of trichoderma spore powder, 1-3 parts of an allicin derivative, 6-10 parts of modified konjak glucomannan, 11-17 parts of an intelligent water absorbing component and 4-6 parts of a betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component; according to the invention, through specific collocation of the cassava homologous extract and the trichoderma spore powder-allicin derivative composite disease prevention component and the combination of a low-temperature activation and targeting layered coating customized process, the effectiveness of bioactive components is effectively reserved, the three-layer structure microparticles realize active reservation-precise attachment-step release effect closed loop, the inner-layer biological components firstly play the roles of promoting root and preventing diseases after transplanting, the middle-layer intelligent water absorption component continuously locks water, the outer-layer chelating nutrient component is slowly supplied, and the absorption rule of the Miao Xiruo root system of the cassava seeds is precisely adapted.

Inventors

WEI LIJUN
CHEN JIONGYU
XU CHUAN
Lei Kaiwen
WANG DI
LV PING

Assignees

广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所）

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260130

Claims (10)

1. The composite root system humectant is characterized by comprising, by weight, 8-13 parts of a cassava homologous extract, 2-4 parts of trichoderma spore powder, 1-3 parts of an allicin derivative, 6-10 parts of modified konjak glucomannan, 11-17 parts of an intelligent water absorbing component and 4-6 parts of a betaine-humic acid chelating nutrient component; the cassava homologous extract consists of a small molecular starch derivative derived from cassava processing waste and cassava tender leaf fermentation auxin, wherein the cassava processing waste comprises one or more of cassava residues, cassava primary processing leftover materials, incomplete cassava tubers and potato peels, and the dry-basis starch content of the cassava processing waste is not less than 40%; The allicin derivative is selected from one or more of diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide and allyl methyl disulfide; The intelligent water absorption component consists of potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid; The humectant is three-layer microparticles, wherein the inner layer is an activated mixture of a tapioca homologous extract, trichoderma spore powder, allicin derivatives and modified konjak glucomannan, the middle layer is an intelligent water absorbing component, the outer layer is a betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component, and the particle size of the microparticles is 0.1-0.3mm.
2. The composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the cassava homologous extract, the weight part of a small molecular starch derivative derived from cassava processing waste is 5-8 parts, the weight part of a cassava tender leaf fermentation auxin is 3-5 parts, and in the intelligent water absorption component, the weight part of potassium ion modified attapulgite is 8-12 parts, and the weight part of polyglutamic acid is 3-5 parts.
3. The composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the potassium ion modified attapulgite is prepared by mixing, stirring, drying and crushing attapulgite and a potassium salt solution, the potassium salt solution is a potassium phosphate solution or a potassium sulfate solution, the concentration is 0.5-1.5mol/L, and the viscosity of the modified konjac glucomannan is 500-800m The average molecular weight is 20-50 ten thousand.
4. The composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component is prepared by chelating betaine, humic acid and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to a weight ratio of 2:3:1, the control temperature of the chelating process is 50-60 ℃, the stirring speed is 150-200r/min, the chelating time is 2-3h, the powder component is prepared by spray drying after the chelating is finished, and the powder particle size is 50-100 mu m.
5. A method for preparing a composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings, which is used for preparing the composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings according to any one of claims 1-4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, preparing a cassava homologous extract, namely preparing a small molecular starch derivative from cassava processing waste by an enzymolysis process, preparing cassava tender leaf fermentation auxin by a fermentation process, and mixing the two products according to a set weight ratio to obtain the cassava homologous extract; S2, adding the cassava homologous extract, trichoderma spore powder, allicin derivative and modified konjak glucomannan into mixing equipment, controlling the temperature to be 45 ℃, stirring and mixing for 30-40min to complete low-temperature activation, and obtaining an inner-layer active mixture; S3, taking potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid according to a set weight ratio, and uniformly mixing in stirring equipment to obtain an intelligent water absorption component; s4, adding the inner-layer active mixture serving as a core material into targeted coating granulation equipment, sequentially spraying an intelligent water absorption component and a betaine-humic acid chelating nutrient component for layered coating, controlling the atomization pressure to be 0.3-0.5MPa and the air inlet temperature to be 50-55 ℃, and screening microparticles with the particle size of 0.1-0.3mm after granulation is completed to obtain a finished product.
6. The method for preparing the composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings according to claim 5, wherein when the small molecular starch derivative from the cassava processing waste is prepared in the step S1, deionized water is added according to the weight ratio of 1:4-6 after the cassava processing waste is subjected to impurity removal, cleaning and crushing to the particle size of 1-3mm, alpha-amylase is added, the addition amount of the amylase is 0.2-0.4% of the weight of the cassava processing waste, the enzymolysis temperature is strictly controlled at 55-60 ℃, the enzymolysis time is kept for 5-7h, a 200-300 mesh filter screen is adopted for filtering after the enzymolysis is finished, and the filtrate is concentrated to 1/3-1/2 of the original volume under the conditions of the vacuum degree of 0.06-0.08MPa and the temperature of 60-70 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings according to claim 5, wherein when the cassava tender leaf fermentation auxin is prepared in the step S1, the cassava tender leaf is subjected to impurity removal, cleaning and crushing to the particle size of 0.5-1mm, then is inoculated with a composite fermentation microbial inoculum, the composite fermentation microbial inoculum is composed of saccharomycetes, lactobacillus and bacillus subtilis according to the weight ratio of 1:2:1, the inoculation amount is 0.5-1.0% of the weight of the cassava tender leaf, the fermentation environment humidity is controlled at 60-70%, the fermentation time lasts for 72-96 hours, the fermentation is finished, the fermentation is filtered by a 300-400 mesh filter screen, the supernatant is centrifuged for 10-15min under the condition of the rotating speed of 8000-10000r/min, and the supernatant is taken.
8. The method for preparing the composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings according to claim 5, wherein the mixing equipment used in the step S2 is a double-screw mixer, the stirring rotating speed is controlled to be 100-150r/min, the temperature is controlled by a constant-temperature jacket in the mixing process, the temperature fluctuation range is not more than +/-2 ℃, the water content of an inner-layer active mixture is controlled to be 8-12% after low-temperature activation is finished, and the inner-layer active mixture is air-dried to be adjusted to a set range through low-temperature air drying at 25-30 ℃ when the water content exceeds the standard.
9. The method for preparing the composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings according to claim 5, wherein the spraying speed of the targeted coating granulation equipment in the step S4 is controlled to be 5-10mL/min, the spraying weight ratio of an inner active mixture to an intelligent water absorption component is 1:1.2-1.5, the spraying weight ratio of the inner active mixture to a betaine-humic acid chelating nutrient component is 1:0.5-0.8, a double-layer vibrating screen is adopted for screening after granulation, the screen aperture is respectively 0.1mm and 0.3mm, the screened composite microparticles are dried at a low temperature, the drying temperature is 40-45 ℃, and the drying time is 1-2h.
10. The method for preparing the composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings according to claim 5, wherein in the step S3, a planetary stirrer is adopted to mix potassium ion modified attapulgite and polyglutamic acid, the stirring rotation speed is set to be 200-300r/min, the stirring time is 20-30min, the machine is stopped every 5-8min in the mixing process to visually detect the mixing uniformity until no obvious particle agglomeration phenomenon exists, and after the stirring is continued until the set time is reached, the intelligent water absorbing component is obtained after natural cooling to room temperature.

Description

Composite root system humectant for improving transplanting survival rate of cassava seed seedlings and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of functional preparations for agricultural planting, in particular to a composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings and a preparation method thereof. Background The cassava is a perennial shrub herb of the cassava genus of the Euphorbiaceae family, is an important starch processing raw material, a feed base source and biomass energy crops, and has irreplaceable significance in the aspects of guaranteeing grain safety, promoting agricultural economic development, promoting the upgrading of agricultural product deep processing industry and the like. The root system humectant is a core functional preparation in the plant transplanting process, and is mainly used for reducing the rapid loss of moisture of the root system, protecting the integrity of the epidermis of the root system and reducing the damage of environmental stress to the root system in the transplanting process by forming a protective film on the surface of the root system or constructing a moisture buffer system. The cassava seed seedlings are different from the seedlings propagated by the traditional seed stems, the root system is thin and weak, the quantity of capillary roots is small, the regeneration capacity is weak, the problems of rapid evaporation of water, infection of soil pathogenic bacteria, insufficient nutrition supply in a seedling reviving period and the like are easily faced in the transplanting process from a seedling tray to a field, the pain points can be relieved in a targeted manner by a proper root system humectant, the transplanting survival rate of the cassava seed seedlings is directly determined, the growth vigor, the yield and the quality of subsequent plants are influenced, and the cassava seed seedling transplanting method has a key meaning to the hybridization breeding of cassava. However, the existing cassava related root humectant technology still has a certain defect, the existing cassava related humectant focuses on seed stem moisturizing, lacks a special formula aiming at the root characteristics of seeds Miao Xiruo, is insufficient in suitability, and is easy to lose functions of promoting roots, preventing diseases and the like due to high-temperature treatment inactivation in the preparation process, the release rate of the preparation is disordered, the moisturizing, promoting roots, preventing diseases and nutrition supply cannot cooperatively play roles according to physiological requirements after transplanting of the seed seedlings, the adhesiveness of the root system of the seeds Miao Xiruo is poor, a stable protection and supply system is difficult to form, the activity retention-precise attachment-step release effect closed loop is not realized, the transplanting survival rate of the cassava seed seedlings is finally improved to a limited extent, and the requirement of large-scale planting cannot be met. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art, and provides a composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively retain the effectiveness of bioactive components through specific collocation of a cassava homologous extract and trichoderma spore powder-allicin derivative composite disease prevention component and a low-temperature activation and targeting layering coating customization process, effectively retain the effectiveness of the bioactive components, realize active retention-precise attachment-stepping release effect closed loop by three-layer structure microparticles, play the root promotion and disease prevention roles after inner-layer biological component transplanting, continuously lock water by middle-layer intelligent water absorption components, slowly supply outer-layer chelating nutrient components, accurately adapt the absorption law of the root system of cassava seeds Miao Xiruo, improve the transplanting survival rate of the cassava seedlings and guarantee the growth situation of plants in a seedling recovery period. The invention provides a composite root system humectant for improving the transplanting survival rate of cassava seedlings, which comprises, by weight, 8-13 parts of a cassava homologous extract, 2-4 parts of trichoderma spore powder, 1-3 parts of an allicin derivative, 6-10 parts of modified konjak glucomannan, 11-17 parts of an intelligent water absorbing component and 4-6 parts of a betaine-humic acid chelated nutrient component; the cassava homologous extract consists of a small molecular starch derivative derived from cassava processing waste and cassava tender leaf fermentation auxin, wherein the cassava processing waste comprises one or more of cassava residues, cassava primar