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CN-122010626-A - Environment-friendly organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

CN122010626ACN 122010626 ACN122010626 ACN 122010626ACN-122010626-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The preparation method comprises the steps of crushing corn stalks and cotton seed cakes, mixing to obtain an agricultural waste mixture, collecting thalli after three generations of bacillus subtilis activation, freeze-drying to obtain bacillus subtilis powder, collecting thalli after three generations of lactobacillus activation, freeze-drying to obtain lactobacillus powder, mixing bacillus subtilis powder and lactobacillus powder to obtain a composite microbial agent, mixing the agricultural waste mixture, the composite microbial agent, the functional biochar and oyster shell powder to obtain a mixed material, and fermenting and drying the mixed material sequentially to obtain the environment-friendly organic fertilizer. The invention constructs the phosphorylated bamboo charcoal-chitosan/sodium alginate composite carrier, loads azotobacter and cooperates with the composite microbial inoculum, optimizes the microbial activity and material structure in fermentation, and solves the problem that the traditional organic fertilizer is difficult to consider in the aspects of microbial activity maintenance, nutrient efficiency and environmental safety.

Inventors

  • LIU SHENGLIN
  • CHEN YUEHUA

Assignees

  • 新疆西域牧歌农业科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260227

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Crushing corn stalks and cotton seed cakes, and mixing to obtain an agricultural waste mixture; Collecting thalli after the third generation of bacillus subtilis activation, and obtaining bacillus subtilis powder through freeze drying; Collecting thalli after the third generation of lactobacillus activation, and obtaining lactobacillus powder by freeze drying; the bacillus subtilis powder and the lactobacillus powder are mixed to obtain a compound microbial agent; Mixing the agricultural waste mixture, the composite microbial agent, the functional biochar and the oyster shell powder to obtain a mixed material; The mixed materials are fermented and dried in sequence to prepare the environment-friendly organic fertilizer.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the environment-friendly organic fertilizer is characterized in that after being crushed, corn stalks and cotton seed cakes are mixed according to a weight ratio of 2-4:1-2.5, and the weight ratio of bacillus subtilis powder to lactobacillus powder is 2.5-3.5:1.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the environment-friendly organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the functionalized biochar comprises the following steps: crushing bamboo, and then preserving heat at 500 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain original bamboo charcoal; Mixing and stirring raw bamboo charcoal and 15wt% phosphoric acid solution to react to obtain phosphorylated biochar; mixing chitosan and 1wt% acetic acid solution to obtain chitosan acetic acid solution, mixing sodium alginate and deionized water to obtain sodium alginate aqueous solution, and mixing the chitosan acetic acid solution and the sodium alginate aqueous solution to obtain coating solution; The phosphorylated biochar and the coating liquid are mixed and stirred, and then are frozen and dried to obtain the composite biochar; And mixing the azotobacter vinelandii suspension with the composite biochar, standing, and collecting solids to prepare the functional biochar.
  4. 4. The preparation method of the environment-friendly organic fertilizer is characterized in that the weight ratio of raw bamboo charcoal to 15wt% of phosphoric acid solution is 10:80-100, the weight ratio of chitosan to 1wt% of acetic acid solution is 1.5-2:100, the weight ratio of sodium alginate to deionized water is 1.5-2:100, and the weight ratio of phosphorylated biochar to coating liquid is 10:80-100.
  5. 5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly organic fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the conditions of mixing and stirring the phosphorylated biochar and the coating liquid comprise a mixing temperature of 25 ℃ and a mixing time of 30-60 min.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly organic fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the Azotobacter vinelandii suspension to the composite biochar is 1-1.5:1.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the agricultural waste mixture to the composite microbial agent to the functional biochar to the oyster shell powder is 60-70:3-5:3-5:1-2.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the environment-friendly organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation conditions comprise a fermentation temperature of 45-50 ℃, an oxygen concentration of 3-5%, a fermentation pH of 6.5-7.0 and a fermentation time of 20-25 days.
  9. 9. The method for preparing the environment-friendly organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the drying comprises a drying temperature of 40-45 ℃, a vacuum degree of less than or equal to 5kPa and a drying time of 8-12 hours.
  10. 10. An environment-friendly organic fertilizer is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-9.

Description

Environment-friendly organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to an environment-friendly organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background The traditional organic fertilizer is mostly dependent on livestock manure composting, and has the problems of high heavy metal residue, long fermentation period and large emission of greenhouse gases. In the prior art, the utilization of agricultural wastes such as straws is usually simple mixed fermentation, but the efficiency is low, ammonia volatilization is easy to generate, and the loss rate of nitrogen is high. A part of improvement schemes are added with single microorganism or biochar, but the synergistic problem of insufficient microorganism activity and high environmental risk is not solved, and high fertilizer efficiency and environmental friendliness cannot be realized at the same time. Patent CN108947600A discloses a preparation method of an organic fertilizer, and relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer production. The method prepares the organic fertilizer by decomposing organic waste materials mixed with microbial agents (comprising bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, pediococcus pentosaceus and trichoderma). The microbial agent can utilize the cooperation among strains to effectively decompose organic waste materials, improves the quality of organic fertilizer and is convenient for crops to absorb. However, although the method improves the utilization rate of organic waste to a certain extent, the method has weak fixing capability on nitrogen in the fermentation process, is easy to cause nutrient loss due to ammonia volatilization, and fails to fully consider the improvement of soil and the improvement of water retention performance. Patent CN113461456a discloses an organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, comprising the steps of smashing a fermentation substrate, inoculating fermentation bacteria for pre-fermentation, uniformly mixing the fermentation substrate with a fertilizer synergist through subsequent thoroughly decomposed fermentation, and drying and granulating. The organic fertilizer prepared by the method can reduce nutrient loss and improve the water retention of the fertilizer, thereby enhancing fertilizer efficiency. However, the specific action mechanism of the fertilizer synergist in the technical scheme is not clearly described, so that the effect in practical application is possibly unstable, and in addition, the preparation process has higher requirements on equipment, the production cost is increased, and the popularization range is limited. Therefore, there is a need for an organic fertilizer solution that balances waste treatment, microbial activity regulation and environmental safety. Disclosure of Invention The invention constructs the multifunctional microorganism carrier by phosphorylating the modified bamboo-based biochar and wrapping the chitosan-sodium alginate hydrogel. The carrier not only can effectively load and protect azotobacter, but also can optimize the material structure and regulate and control the microbial activity in the fermentation process through the synergistic effect with bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus. The final product realizes the efficient conversion of agricultural wastes, provides balanced nutrients and solidifies heavy metals, and solves the problems that the traditional organic fertilizer is difficult to consider in terms of microbial activity maintenance, nutrient efficiency and environmental safety. Specifically, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following contents: the preparation method of the environment-friendly organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: Crushing corn stalks and cotton seed cakes, and mixing to obtain an agricultural waste mixture; Collecting thalli after the third generation of bacillus subtilis activation, and obtaining bacillus subtilis powder through freeze drying; Collecting thalli after the third generation of lactobacillus activation, and obtaining lactobacillus powder by freeze drying; the bacillus subtilis powder and the lactobacillus powder are mixed to obtain a compound microbial agent; Mixing the agricultural waste mixture, the composite microbial agent, the functional biochar and the oyster shell powder to obtain a mixed material; The mixed materials are fermented and dried in sequence to prepare the environment-friendly organic fertilizer. Further, the corn stalk and the cotton seed cake are mixed according to the weight ratio of 2-4:1-2.5 after being crushed. Further, the bacillus subtilis is activated into bacillus subtilis which is inoculated into LB liquid culture medium, and is subjected to shaking culture at 30 ℃ at a rotating speed of 150r/min for 24 hours to be used as an activation generation, and the operation is repeated for three times to be used as an activation genera