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CN-122010644-A - Flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano selenium fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof

CN122010644ACN 122010644 ACN122010644 ACN 122010644ACN-122010644-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer comprises flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide and nano-selenium, and the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide is coated on the surface of the nano-selenium; the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing crude polysaccharide from flower mushroom fungus residues by adopting ultrasonic-assisted extraction, hydrothermal extraction, enzymolysis deproteinization and alcohol precipitation, and preparing flower mushroom fungus residue polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer by reacting the polysaccharide serving as a carrier with sodium selenite and ascorbic acid. The obtained fertilizer has good stability and high biological activity, can obviously improve the content of selenium and trace elements in vegetables, reduce pesticide residues, relieve the stress of anabasine pesticide and the salt damage of saline-alkali soil, strengthen the permeability adjustment capability of crops, improve the biomass and provide a new path for the efficient agricultural production of the saline-alkali soil.

Inventors

  • WU JUAN
  • JIANG ZHE
  • ZHU YOUCUN
  • SUN JIANQIANG

Assignees

  • 浙江香满亭生物科技有限公司
  • 浙江工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260312

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer is characterized by comprising flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide and nano-selenium, wherein the mass ratio of the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide to the nano-selenium is 1.7:1, the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide is coated on the surface of the nano-selenium, and the particle size of the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer is 70 nm.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nano selenium fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized by sequentially carrying out the following steps: s1, drying flower mushroom residue to constant weight, crushing the flower mushroom residue by a crusher, sieving the crushed flower mushroom residue by a 40-mesh sieve, collecting undersize powder, adding 25 times of ultrapure water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min times, placing the obtained product in a water bath kettle for leaching, and carrying out vacuum suction filtration to obtain flower mushroom residue polysaccharide extract; S2, concentrating the polysaccharide extract by using a rotary evaporator until the polysaccharide extract reaches one third of the original volume, adding a trypsin solution, vigorously oscillating by using a vortex oscillator to 10 min, standing at normal temperature for 4: 4h, placing in a water bath 20: 20min at 100 ℃, and centrifuging for 10: 10 min at 12000: 12000 rpm to obtain a polysaccharide solution; S3, adding 95 wt percent of ethanol solution with the volume of 3 times of that of the polysaccharide solution into the polysaccharide solution, standing at normal temperature in a dark place for 12: 12h, centrifuging for 10: 10min under 12000: 12000 rpm, collecting precipitate, washing the precipitate with absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone in sequence, and drying the washed precipitate in a vacuum drying oven to obtain flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide; S4, preparing a flower mushroom residue polysaccharide solution with the concentration of 20 mg/mL, adding a sodium selenite solution with the concentration of 30 mg/mL into the flower mushroom residue polysaccharide solution, vigorously shaking 10 min by using a vortex oscillator, and adding an ascorbic acid solution with the concentration of 60 mg/mL to obtain a mixed solution; s5, placing the mixed solution in a water bath kettle, carrying out water bath for 3 h at 40 ℃, transferring into a dialysis bag with molecular weight cut-off of 3500 Da, dialyzing with ultrapure water for 48 h, and freeze-drying for 48-72 h at-54 to-50 ℃ to obtain the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano selenium fertilizer.
  3. 3. The preparation method of the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nano selenium fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the temperature during leaching is 75-85 ℃ and the time is 2.5-3.5 h.
  4. 4. The preparation method of the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nano selenium fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the concentration of the trypsin solution is 500 u.mL -1 , and the added volume of the trypsin solution is 1/10 of that of the polysaccharide concentrated solution.
  5. 5. The preparation method of the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nano selenium fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein in the step S3, the temperature is 55-60 ℃ during drying, and the time is 24-48 hours.
  6. 6. The preparation method of the flower mushroom residue polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the step S4, the added volume of the sodium selenite solution is 133% of that of the flower mushroom residue polysaccharide solution, and the volume ratio of the ascorbic acid solution to the sodium selenite solution is 3:1.
  7. 7. The application of the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer is characterized in that the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 2-6 is applied to crop planting.
  8. 8. The application of the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer according to claim 7, wherein the soil in which the crops are planted is saline-alkali soil and is polluted by the neonicotinoid pesticide, the concentration of the neonicotinoid pesticide in the soil is 10 mg/kg, and the application concentration of the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer is 1 mg/L or 10 mg/L.
  9. 9. The application of the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nano selenium fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, wherein the crop is one or more of lettuce, green vegetables or carrots.
  10. 10. The application of the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nanometer selenium fertilizer according to claim 7, wherein the application mode of the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nanometer selenium fertilizer is foliar application, and the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nanometer selenium fertilizer is uniformly sprayed on the foliar of crops for a plurality of times in the growing period of the crops according to the application amount of 10 g flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nanometer selenium fertilizer per mu.

Description

Flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano selenium fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of nano-selenium fertilizer preparation and agricultural pollutant control, and relates to a flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof. Background The flower mushroom dregs contain a large amount of active substances and have good development potential. The polysaccharide is used as an important natural polymer active substance, has biological functions of antioxidation, immunoregulation and the like, is widely applied to the fields of functional fertilizers, biological medicines, food additives and the like, and provides a new idea for recycling and high-value utilization of bacterial residues. Selenium is a trace element essential to humans and animals and plays a key role in maintaining body health. However, according to investigation, more than 70% of areas in China belong to low-selenium areas, so that the daily selenium intake of more than about 1/3 residents is less than half of the minimum recommended amount of the countries, and therefore, the development of selenium-enriched agricultural products has become an important means for guaranteeing the health of people in China. Nano selenium has excellent biological activity, good biocompatibility and lower toxicity, and becomes a hot spot for researching functional selenium-enriched preparations. However, the nano selenium particles are easy to aggregate and have poor stability, so that the application of the nano selenium particles in agricultural production and food processing is severely restricted. Researches show that the polysaccharide natural macromolecule can be used as an excellent nano-selenium modifier because of containing a large number of active groups, and can effectively improve the dispersibility and bioavailability of nano-selenium, thereby being beneficial to improving the selenium conversion efficiency and the nutritional quality of selenium-enriched agricultural products. However, most of common selenium and nano-selenium are applied in agricultural production to improve the selenium content in agricultural products such as rice and tea, and currently, polysaccharide nano-selenium is mainly applied to the food and health care industries as a selenium supplementing agent, so that the application potential and unique efficacy in agricultural production are yet to be exploited. Therefore, the invention extracts crude polysaccharide from the flower mushroom fungus dreg, optimizes the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide extraction process, prepares flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer by taking polysaccharide as a carrier, and fully plays the application of the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer in agricultural production by virtue of the synergistic effect of polysaccharide modification. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer, wherein the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer comprises flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide and nano-selenium, the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide is coated on the surface of the nano-selenium, the preparation method comprises the steps of ultrasonic auxiliary extraction, hydrothermal extraction, enzymolysis deproteinization, alcohol precipitation and the like from flower mushroom dreg, the prepared flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer is prepared by taking the optimized extracted polysaccharide as a carrier and reacting with ascorbic acid and sodium selenite, and finally the flower mushroom dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer is applied to crops. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer comprises flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide and nano-selenium, wherein the mass ratio of the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide to the nano-selenium is 1.7:1, the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide is coated on the surface of the nano-selenium, and the particle size of the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano-selenium fertilizer is 70 nm. The invention also provides a preparation method of the flower mushroom fungus dreg polysaccharide nano selenium fertilizer, which is sequentially carried out according to the following steps: S1, drying flower mushroom residue to constant weight, crushing the flower mushroom residue by a crusher, sieving the crushed flower mushroom residue by a 40-mesh sieve, collecting undersize powder, adding 25 times of ultrapure water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the undersize powder by 30min, placing the u