CN-122010645-A - Soil conditioner produced by utilizing agricultural and forestry waste as well as preparation method and application thereof

CN122010645ACN 122010645 ACN122010645 ACN 122010645ACN-122010645-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a soil conditioner produced by utilizing agricultural and forestry waste, and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the steps of pre-treating an agricultural and forestry waste mixture, a mineral additive and a beneficial microbial agent. The raw materials are 80-92 parts of pretreated agricultural and forestry waste mixture, 5-15 parts of mineral additives and 1-5 parts of beneficial microbial agents in parts by weight. The agriculture and forestry waste is converted into stable organic matters through a composite pretreatment process, so that the recycling of the waste is realized. The product is scientifically compounded to decompose organic matters, minerals and functional microorganisms to form a triple synergistic mechanism of physical structure improvement, chemical nutrient supplement and biological activity activation, so that the soil structure can be quickly improved, the nutrients can be continuously activated, and the soil fertility can be comprehensively improved. The method is particularly suitable for degraded soil such as mine reclamation, can quickly rebuild a healthy soil ecosystem, and has remarkable ecological value.

Inventors

LEI MINGZHE
WEN LIRONG
ZHOU MINGLIANG
REN ZHIGANG
ZHANG KAI
Pan Zhashan

Assignees

国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司
中国神华能源股份有限公司神东煤炭分公司
中国矿业大学(北京)

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20251229

Claims (10)

1. An agricultural and forestry waste modifier is characterized by comprising a pretreated agricultural and forestry waste mixture, a mineral additive and a beneficial microorganism microbial agent.
2. The improver according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials are mixed with 80-92 parts by mass of pretreated agricultural and forestry waste mixture, 5-15 parts by mass of mineral additive and 1-5 parts by mass of beneficial microorganism microbial agent.
3. The improver of claim 2, wherein the pretreated agricultural and forestry waste mixture comprises stable organic matter formed by complete decomposition of agricultural waste and forestry waste after the composite pretreatment, wherein the composite pretreatment comprises sequentially physical pulverization, chemical treatment and microbial fermentation.
4. The improver of claim 3, wherein the agricultural and forestry waste mixture comprises at least one of agricultural waste and forestry waste, wherein the agricultural waste comprises crop stalks and fruit shells, and wherein the forestry waste comprises branches and sawdust.
5. The improver according to claim 3, wherein the chemical treatment is carried out by treating for 1-3 hours at 50-80 ℃ with 1-5% dilute acid or 2-5% dilute alkali, the composite microbial agent used in the microbial fermentation comprises cellulolytic bacteria and lignin-decomposing bacteria, the inoculation amount of the composite microbial agent is 3-8% of the dry weight of the agricultural and forestry waste mixture, the fermentation temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the fermentation time is 5-10 days.
6. The improver according to claim 1, wherein the composite microbial agent comprises cellulose decomposing bacteria and lignin decomposing bacteria, the mineral additive comprises bentonite and zeolite powder, and the beneficial microbial agent comprises nitrogen-fixing bacteria and/or phosphorus-decomposing bacteria.
7. A method of preparing an agricultural and forestry waste improver according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: S1, raw material pretreatment, namely drying, physically crushing, chemically treating and fermenting agriculture and forestry waste raw materials to obtain a pretreated agriculture and forestry waste mixture; S2, mixing additives, namely taking mineral additives and beneficial microbial agents according to the weight portion ratio, and uniformly mixing the pretreated agricultural and forestry waste mixture obtained in the step S1; and S3, post-treatment, namely granulating and drying the mixed materials in the step S2 to obtain the soil conditioner.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S1, the method comprises: s11, drying and physically crushing agricultural and forestry waste raw materials, wherein the particle size of the crushed agricultural and forestry waste is 1-5mm; s12, chemically treating the agricultural and forestry waste treated in the step S11, treating the crushed agricultural and forestry waste with 1% -5% of dilute acid or 2% -5% of dilute alkali at 50-80 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and washing with water to be neutral; and S13, inoculating a composite microbial agent into the agricultural and forestry waste treated in the step S12 for fermentation, wherein the inoculation amount of the composite microbial agent is 3-8% of the dry weight of the agricultural and forestry waste, the fermentation temperature is 40-60 ℃, the fermentation time is 5-10 days, and the pile is turned over periodically in the fermentation process, so that a pretreated agricultural and forestry waste mixture is obtained.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S3, the particle size of the granulated material is 3-5mm, and the moisture content of the dried material is less than 10%.
10. Use of an agricultural and forestry waste improver according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or prepared according to any one of claims 7 to 9 in soil reclamation.

Description

Soil conditioner produced by utilizing agricultural and forestry waste as well as preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The scheme belongs to the technical field of agricultural resources and environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a soil conditioner produced by utilizing agricultural and forestry waste, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Soil is a precious resource by which humans survive and develop. However, under the influence of industrial and mining development, natural disasters and long-term unreasonable agricultural production activities, serious soil degradation problems such as soil hardening, organic matter shortage, nutrition imbalance, single microbial community structure and the like are faced worldwide. These problems severely limit land productivity, especially in areas such as reclamation areas after mining, degraded farmlands, and the like, the soil ecosystem is extremely fragile, and effective improvement and restoration are needed. Traditional soil improvement methods, such as the application of a large amount of fertilizer, can temporarily supplement nutrients, but long-term use can lead to further damage, acidification and non-point source pollution of the soil structure. Although the farmyard manure can supplement organic matters, the farmyard manure has the problems of unstable sources, possibility of carrying pathogenic bacteria and grass seeds and the like. Therefore, the development of efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable soil amendments has become an important research direction in the agricultural and environmental fields. Meanwhile, huge amounts of agricultural and forestry wastes such as crop straws, shells, branches, sawdust and the like are produced annually in the agricultural production and forestry processing processes. If the wastes are improperly treated, such as on-site incineration or random stacking, not only can the resource waste be caused, but also the environmental problems such as atmospheric pollution, water eutrophication and the like can be brought. How to utilize the waste biomass resources in a high-value way changes waste into valuable, and is a key link for realizing the recycling agriculture and the environmental protection. In the prior art, attempts to prepare organic fertilizer or modifier by utilizing agricultural and forestry waste exist, but the problems of incomplete decomposition, single modification function, poor stability and the like generally exist. Simple composting often has a long cycle and incomplete degradation of lignocellulose, affecting its improvement. In addition, many products focus on providing organic matter only, and the synergistic consideration of synchronously improving the physical structure of soil, supplementing mineral elements and constructing a healthy soil microbiota is insufficient, so that the application effect of the product in a harsh soil reclamation environment is limited. Therefore, a technical scheme capable of integrating the purposes of recycling and efficient soil improvement is urgently needed, and an agricultural and forestry waste-based soil improver with comprehensive functions, stability and high efficiency is developed through an innovative pretreatment process and scientific compounding. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides an agricultural and forestry waste modifier and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively solve the technical problems of single function, insufficient utilization of waste resources and unstable improvement effect of the existing soil modifier. The invention provides an agricultural and forestry waste modifier, which comprises a pretreated agricultural and forestry waste mixture, a mineral additive and a beneficial microorganism microbial agent. Preferably, the raw materials are mixed according to the parts by weight of 80-92 parts of pretreated agricultural and forestry waste mixture, 5-15 parts of mineral additives and 1-5 parts of beneficial microbial agents. Preferably, the pretreated agricultural and forestry waste mixture comprises stable organic matters formed by complete decomposition of agricultural waste and forestry waste after composite pretreatment, wherein the composite pretreatment comprises physical crushing, chemical treatment and microbial fermentation which are sequentially carried out. Preferably, the agriculture and forestry waste mixture comprises at least one of agriculture waste and forestry waste, wherein the agriculture waste comprises crop straws and fruit shells, and the forestry waste comprises branches and sawdust. Preferably, the chemical treatment is carried out by adopting dilute acid with the concentration of 1% -5% or dilute alkali with the concentration of 2% -5%, treating for 1-3 hours at 50-80 ℃, wherein the composite microbial agent used in microbial fermentation comprises cellulose decomposing bacteria and lignin decomposing bacteria, the inoc