CN-122010690-A - Novel lubricating oil detergent and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a novel lubricating oil detergent and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps of carrying out alkylation reaction on phenol, long-chain olefin and a solid acid catalyst to obtain a system of substituted alkylphenol; adding aldehyde compound and condensation catalyst into the system of substituted alkylphenol to make condensation reaction so as to obtain alkylphenol intermediate, adding calcium source, base oil and solvent into the alkylphenol intermediate to make neutralization reaction, adding alcohol compound after the reaction is completed, then making carbonation, and making post-treatment of product so as to obtain the invented new-type lubricating oil detergent. The novel lubricating oil detergent disclosed by the invention has the advantages of no sulfur and free phenol residues, and excellent detergency, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.

Inventors

• Miao Chenxin
• LI JITAI
• WAN XINSHUI
• FAN JINFENG

Assignees

• 新乡市瑞丰新材料股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20251205

Claims (10)

1. 1. A preparation method of a novel lubricating oil detergent comprises the following steps: carrying out alkylation reaction on phenol, long-chain olefin and a solid acid catalyst to obtain a system of substituted alkylphenol; Step two, adding an aldehyde compound and a condensation catalyst into the system of the substituted alkylphenol to perform condensation reaction to obtain an alkylphenol intermediate; Adding a calcium source, base oil and a solvent into the alkylphenol intermediate for neutralization reaction, adding an alcohol compound after the reaction is finished, and then carbonating, and carrying out post-treatment on the product to obtain the novel lubricating oil detergent; Wherein the long-chain olefin is selected from one of C 12 -C 20 olefins; The molar ratio of the phenol to the long-chain olefin is 1 (2.1-4).
2. 2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the phenol is added in an amount of 1 part by weight and the solid acid catalyst is added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.6 part by weight; in the second step, the addition amount of the substituted alkylphenol is 1 part by weight, the addition amount of the aldehyde compound is 0.02-0.2 part by weight, and the addition amount of the condensation catalyst is 0.002-0.02 part by weight; in the third step, the addition amount of the alkylphenol intermediate is 1 part by weight, the addition amount of the calcium source is 0.1-0.5 part by weight, and the addition amount of the alcohol compound is 0.05-0.3 part by weight.
3. 3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the aldehyde compound is selected from one or a combination of two or more of formaldehyde, propionaldehyde and butyraldehyde; And/or the solid acid catalyst is selected from modified molecular sieves and/or sulfonic acid resins; And/or the condensation catalyst is selected from an acidic catalyst or a basic catalyst; And/or, the calcium source is selected from inorganic calcium; And/or the base oil is selected from one or more than two of 100N, 150SN, 150N, 500N and 500 SN; And/or the alcohol compound is selected from ethylene glycol.
4. 4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the condensation catalyst is one or a combination of two or more selected from calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, acetic acid, formic acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid; And/or the calcium source is selected from calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide; and/or the solvent is selected from one or more than two of D30 solvent oil, D40 solvent oil and xylene.
5. 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the alkylation reaction is carried out at a temperature of 90 to 120 ℃ for a time of 2 to 10 h.
6. 6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the system of the substituted alkylphenol is cooled to 30-80 ℃ and an aldehyde compound and a condensation catalyst are added; And/or in the second step, the temperature of the condensation reaction is 60-150 ℃ and the time is 1-5 h.
7. 7. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the neutralization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 30 to 180 ℃ for a time of 1 to 5 h.
8. 8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, an alcohol compound is added after the reaction is completed, and carbon dioxide is introduced to carry out carbonation; Preferably, in the third step, the addition amount of the alkylphenol intermediate is 1 part by weight, and the carbon dioxide is introduced in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 part by weight; preferably, the carbon dioxide is introduced for a period of time ranging from 1 to 5 h.
9. 9. A novel lubricating oil detergent made according to the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. 10. A lubricating oil composition prepared by the novel lubricating oil detergent prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8 or the novel lubricating oil detergent of claim 9.

Description

Novel lubricating oil detergent and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a novel lubricating oil detergent and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of detergents. Background The lubricant detergent mainly comprises three major categories of salicylate, sulfonate and sulfurized alkylphenol salt, wherein the salicylate has strong neutralization capability and good detergency, is commonly used for gasoline engine oil, diesel engine oil and marine oil, the sulfonate has good detergency, dispersibility and rust resistance, is commonly used for preparing various internal combustion engine oils or marine cylinder oils and engine oils, and the alkylphenol salt has excellent high-temperature detergent, water division property, oxidation resistance and the like, and is one of main additives of oil products such as middle-high-end internal combustion engine oil and marine oil. Alkylphenol salts are prepared from alkylphenol, sulfur, calcium oxide and other raw materials through the processes of neutralization, vulcanization, carbonation and refining, and are usually used in combination with sulfonate or salicylate to complement the defects due to the unique performance advantages. The alkylphenol salt product on the market generally has a certain amount of alkylphenol remaining (3% -10%), and the endocrine toxicity, reproductive toxicity, immune toxicity and other damages caused by the alkylphenol salt product, so that the application range of the calcium alkylphenol sulfide product is limited. In order to reduce the content of free phenol, U.S. Pat. No. 3, 8198225,2 is prepared by subjecting dodecylphenol to a phenolic condensation reaction and then to a vulcanization reaction to obtain a calcium alkylphenol sulfide product having a low content of free phenol, although the content of free phenol is reduced from 6.5 to 8.1% to 1.7 to 4.4%, the process is complicated and the content of free phenol is still high, CN106147937A is prepared by reacting a sulfurized alkylphenol salt with an aldehyde, an amine compound or the like under alkaline conditions to obtain a sulfurized alkylphenol salt detergent having a low content of alkylphenol, the free phenol is reduced to 1.3%, but the process still has complicated steps and still has free phenol residues, and CN105037226A is prepared by mixing a sulfurized alkylphenol metal salt with an intermediate (acid anhydride and/or carboxylic acid and an amine compound) and then subjecting the mixture to a condensation reaction with aldehyde to obtain a sulfurized alkylphenol metal salt product having a low content of free phenol, and the free phenol is reduced to 0.26%, but the operation steps are complicated and a small amount of free phenol residues still remain. In this regard, energy conservation, low emission and long service life are the main directions of lubricating oil development. In view of the above, it is important to provide a novel low sulfur, low phosphorus, low ash, free phenol residue free lubricant detergent, while having excellent performance. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a novel lubricating oil detergent and a preparation method and application thereof. The novel lubricating oil detergent has no sulfur and free phenol residues, and has excellent detergency, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a novel lubricating oil detergent, comprising the steps of: carrying out alkylation reaction on phenol, long-chain olefin and a solid acid catalyst to obtain a system of substituted alkylphenol; Step two, adding an aldehyde compound and a condensation catalyst into the system of the substituted alkylphenol to perform condensation reaction to obtain an alkylphenol intermediate; Adding a calcium source, base oil and a solvent into the alkylphenol intermediate for neutralization reaction, adding an alcohol compound after the reaction is finished, and then carbonating, and carrying out post-treatment on the product to obtain the novel lubricating oil detergent; Wherein the long-chain olefin is selected from one of C 12-C20 olefins; The molar ratio of the phenol to the long-chain olefin is 1 (2.1-4). According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the first step, the phenol is added in an amount of 1 part by weight and the solid acid catalyst is added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.6 part by weight; in the second step, the addition amount of the substituted alkylphenol is 1 part by weight, the addition amount of the aldehyde compound is 0.02-0.2 part by weight, and the addition amount of the condensation catalyst is 0.002-0.02 part by weight; in the third step, the addition amount of the alkylphenol intermediate is 1 part by weight, the addition amount of the calcium source is 0.1-0.5 part by we