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CN-122011085-A - Fusarium venenatum protein, low-lipoprotein food, and preparation method and application thereof

CN122011085ACN 122011085 ACN122011085 ACN 122011085ACN-122011085-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the fields of food science and microbial engineering, and in particular relates to fusarium venenatum protein and low-lipoprotein food, and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a high-emulsifying fusarium venenatum TB01 protein, a preparation method and application thereof. According to the invention, the Fusarium venenatum TB01 mycelium is adopted as a raw material, and the composite enzymolysis and ultrasonic treatment sequence are innovatively coordinated, so that the functional modification of the protein structure is realized while high-content protein (more than or equal to 82%) is efficiently broken and extracted. Through tests, the two key indexes of the emulsion activity and the stability of the obtained protein are obviously superior to those of soybean protein, and the emulsion stability is superior to that of commercial whey protein. Therefore, the protein obtained by the invention can be used as a high-performance emulsified ingredient to replace or partially replace whey protein or soybean protein, and is applied to food systems such as beverages, plant yoghurt, sauces and the like.

Inventors

  • HOU DAO
  • LIU QIAOCUI
  • LI JING
  • LI MU
  • LIANG YU

Assignees

  • 华中农业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260409

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A fusarium venenatum protein, which is characterized in that the fusarium venenatum protein is prepared by the following steps: Step 1, mixing fusarium venenatum and cell wall lytic enzyme, and performing enzymolysis reaction; step 2, extracting an enzymolysis product by alkali to obtain alkali extract, wherein the concentration of the alkali is 40-60mM; and 3, performing ultrasonic treatment on the alkaline extract, wherein the ultrasonic power density is 300-400W/L, and adding acid to obtain the alkaline extract.
  2. 2. The fusarium venenatum protein of claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the cell wall lytic enzyme is a complex enzyme consisting of a crashing enzyme, a fungal wall lytic enzyme, a yeast cell wall lytic enzyme and a snail enzyme, and the mass ratio of the cell wall lytic enzyme to the yeast cell wall lytic enzyme to the snail enzyme is 1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2.
  3. 3. The fusarium venenatum protein of claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the condition of the enzymolysis reaction comprises the temperature of 37-40 ℃, the pH of 6-6.5 and the reaction time of 2-3h.
  4. 4. The fusarium venenatum protein of claim 1, wherein in the step 1, before being mixed with the cell wall lytic enzyme, the fusarium venenatum is dissolved in water in advance, and the mass ratio of the fusarium venenatum dry powder to the water is 1:40-60; and/or, in step 1, the cell wall lytic enzyme is added in an amount of 2% or 4% to 6% on a dry basis.
  5. 5. The fusarium venenatum protein of claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the alkali is an inorganic strong alkali, and the alkali extraction condition comprises the extraction time of 0.5-2h and the extraction temperature of 40-60 ℃.
  6. 6. A fusarium venenatum protein in accordance with claim 1 wherein in step 3 the time of sonication is from 5 to 30 minutes.
  7. 7. The fusarium venenatum protein of claim 1, wherein in step 3, the specific process of adding acid comprises adjusting the pH to 3.6-4.0,4-6 ℃ with acid and standing for 8-12 h; and/or in the step 3, the acid is inorganic strong acid, and after the acid adding operation, the centrifugal separation, washing, alkali neutralization and drying are carried out.
  8. 8. A process for the preparation of fusarium venenatum protein according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: Step 1, mixing fusarium venenatum and cell wall lytic enzyme, and performing enzymolysis reaction; step 2, extracting an enzymolysis product by alkali to obtain alkali extract, wherein the concentration of the alkali is 40-60mM; and 3, performing ultrasonic treatment on the alkaline extract, wherein the ultrasonic power density is 300-400W/L, and adding acid to obtain the alkaline extract.
  9. 9. Use of a fusarium venenatum protein of any one of claims 1-7 as an emulsified ingredient in the preparation of a protein food product.
  10. 10. A low lipoprotein food comprising the Fusarium venenatum protein of any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Fusarium venenatum protein, low-lipoprotein food, and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the fields of food science and microbial engineering, and in particular relates to fusarium venenatum protein and low-lipoprotein food, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background With the growing global population and the demand for sustainable food systems, the search for new, sustainable sources of protein has become a research hotspot. Vegetable proteins (such as soy proteins) and animal proteins (such as whey proteins) are currently the main functional protein raw materials, but have problems of land occupation, allergen or supply fluctuation, etc. Fusarium Venetii (Fusarium venenatum) is used as a potential single-cell fungus protein source, and has the advantages of rapid growth, wide culture medium source, rich nutrition and the like. However, fungal cell wall structures are tough, and the yield and functionality of directly extracted proteins are often not ideal. In the prior art, an enzymolysis method is used for breaking the wall, but the single enzymolysis efficiency is limited, and the ultrasonic treatment is used as a physical wall breaking means, so that the problem of balance between energy consumption and protein denaturation risk exists. At present, high-purity protein products equivalent to whey protein and soy protein in key emulsification function are not reported to be extracted from fusarium venenatum TB01 strain through the synergistic effect of specific complex enzymes and optimized ultrasonic technology. Therefore, development of a process capable of efficiently extracting high-functionality protein from fungus mycelia and obtaining protein products with excellent performance has important significance. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a synergic preparation method for efficiently extracting high-emulsifying isolated protein from fusarium venenatum TB01 mycelium, so as to solve the problems of low wall breaking efficiency and insufficient protein functionality in the prior art, thereby obtaining a fungal protein product which can be compared with whey protein in key emulsifying property and is obviously superior to soy protein, and expanding the application value of the fungal protein product in a high-end emulsified food system. The invention provides a fusarium venenatum protein, which is prepared by the following steps: Step 1, mixing fusarium venenatum and cell wall lytic enzyme, and performing enzymolysis reaction; step 2, extracting an enzymolysis product by alkali to obtain alkali extract, wherein the concentration of the alkali is 40-60mM; and 3, performing ultrasonic treatment on the alkaline extract, wherein the ultrasonic power density is 300-400W/L, and adding acid to obtain the alkaline extract. In step 1, the cell wall lytic enzyme is a complex enzyme consisting of crashing enzyme, fungal wall lytic enzyme, yeast cell wall lytic enzyme and snailase, and the mass ratio of the cell wall lytic enzyme to the snailase is 1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2. Preferably, the cell wall lytic enzyme is a complex enzyme consisting of crashing enzyme, fungal wall lytic enzyme, yeast cell wall lytic enzyme and snailase, and the mass ratio of the cell wall lytic enzyme to the fungal wall lytic enzyme to the yeast cell wall lytic enzyme is 1:1:2:1. Further, in the step 1, the conditions of the enzymolysis reaction comprise the temperature of 37-40 ℃, the pH of 6-6.5 and the reaction time of 2-3h. Further, in the step 1, before mixing the fusarium venenatum and the cell wall lytic enzyme, the fusarium venenatum and the cell wall lytic enzyme are dissolved in water in advance, and the mass ratio of the fusarium venenatum dry powder to the water is 1:40-60; and/or, in step 1, the cell wall lytic enzyme is added in an amount of 2% or 4% to 6% on a dry basis. Further, in the step 2, the alkali is inorganic strong alkali, and the alkali extraction conditions comprise that the extraction time is 0.5-2h and the extraction temperature is 40-60 ℃. Further, in the step3, the ultrasonic time is 5-30min. Further, in the step 3, the specific process of adding acid comprises adding acid to adjust the pH to 3.6-4.0,4-6 ℃ and standing for 8-12 h; and/or in the step 3, the acid is inorganic strong acid, and after the acid adding operation, the centrifugal separation, washing, alkali neutralization and drying are carried out. The invention provides a method for preparing fusarium venenatum protein according to any one of the above, which comprises the following steps: Step 1, mixing fusarium venenatum and cell wall lytic enzyme, and performing enzymolysis reaction; step 2, extracting an enzymolysis product by alkali to obtain alkali extract, wherein the concentration of the alkali is 40-60mM; and 3, performing ultrasonic treatment on the alkaline extract, wherein the ultrasonic power density is 300-400W/L, a