CN-122011146-A - Gene for improving corn grouting rate and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a gene for controlling corn grouting rate and application thereof, belonging to the field of genetic engineering. The gene codes an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO. 2. Experiments prove that the plant grain grouting process can be positively regulated by improving the expression quantity of the gene or enhancing the content/activity of the coded protein, and the plant grain grouting process is characterized by improving the grain grouting rate, improving the grain grouting quantity, increasing thousand kernel weight and/or accelerating the grain dehydration rate, otherwise, the grain grouting rate is slowed down, the grain grouting quantity is reduced, the thousand kernel weight is reduced and/or the dehydration rate is reduced by inhibiting the expression of the gene or reducing the content/activity of the coded protein. The gene and the coded protein thereof can be used for plant genetic engineering breeding, and provide an effective technical means for creating new germplasm of a plant with high yield and suitable mechanical harvest.

Inventors

• ZHAO LINMAO
• QU YUANDONG
• SU YINGCHUN
• YUAN XIANGRONG
• WU CHENGLAI

Assignees

• 山东农业大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20260306

Claims (10)

1. 1. A protein for regulating plant grain development, characterized in that the protein has an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No.2 or an amino acid sequence having at least 99% homology with SEQ ID No. 2.
2. 2. A gene encoding the protein of claim 1 which regulates plant grain development.
3. 3. An expression cassette, recombinant vector, recombinant microorganism or transgenic plant tissue or transgenic plant comprising the gene of claim 2.
4. 4. Use of the protein of claim 1 or the gene of claim 2 or the expression cassette, recombinant vector or recombinant microorganism of claim 3 for regulating plant kernel development.
5. 5. The use of claim 4, wherein said modulating plant grain development is by increasing the amount or activity of said protein in a plant or increasing the expression level of said gene in a plant to promote plant grain development or by decreasing the amount or activity of said protein in a plant or decreasing the expression level of said gene in a plant to slow plant grain development.
6. 6. The use of claim 5, wherein said promoting plant grain development is manifested by one or more of increasing grain filling rate, increasing grain filling amount, increasing thousand grain weight, and increasing grain dehydration rate, and said slowing plant grain development is manifested by one or more of decreasing grain filling rate, decreasing grain filling amount, decreasing thousand grain weight, and decreasing grain dehydration rate.
7. 7. A method for breeding transgenic plants, which comprises the step of introducing the gene according to claim 2 into a recipient plant to obtain transgenic plants, wherein the transgenic plants have an increased grain filling rate, grain filling amount, thousand kernel weight and/or grain dehydration rate as compared to the recipient plant.
8. 8. A method of growing a transgenic plant comprising the step of suppressing the expression and/or activity of a protein according to claim 1 or suppressing the expression of a gene according to claim 2 in a starting plant to obtain a transgenic plant having a reduced grain filling rate, grain filling quantity, thousand kernel weight and/or grain dehydration rate compared to the recipient plant.
9. 9. Use of the method of claim 7 or 8 in plant breeding.
10. 10. The use according to any one of claims 4 to 6 or the method according to any one of claims 7 to 8, wherein the plant is a maize (Zea) plant.

Description

Gene for improving corn grouting rate and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of genetic engineering, and particularly relates to a gene for controlling corn grouting rate and application thereof. Background Corn (Zea mays) is a world main grain and feed crop, the grain grouting rate, thousand kernel weight and dehydration rate in the growth and development process of the grain are key agronomic characters for determining the yield and quality of the corn, the grouting rate directly influences the accumulation and plumpness of dry matters of the grain, the thousand kernel weight is a core index formed by the yield of the corn, the dehydration rate is related to the maturity of the grain, the breakage rate and storage stability in harvesting and is critical to the improvement of the mechanized harvesting efficiency of the corn, and particularly in a corn main production area, the problem of slow dehydration of the grain is easily aggravated in a later-period low-temperature rainy climate, and the improvement of the production benefit of the corn is severely restricted. At present, the characters are improved mainly through traditional breeding or comprehensive agronomic management measures in agricultural production, but the traditional breeding period is long, the directionality is poor, the agronomic measures need to be added with labor investment, and the regulation and control effects are limited. In molecular biology research, although the cloned part participates in corn kernel grouting or yield regulation, the grouting rate is controlled by the cooperation of multiple genes, and the existing research is still insufficient for novel key functional genes, especially genes capable of directly and efficiently improving the grouting rate. Moreover, most of the existing genes can only regulate single characters, or the synergistic improvement effect on multiple characters is not obvious, and the breeding requirements of high yield, high quality and suitability for mechanical harvest of corn are difficult to meet. Therefore, the digging of key functional genes capable of simultaneously and synergistically improving multiple traits, such as improving the corn grain grouting rate, thousand kernel weight and grain dehydration rate, directionally improves the corn traits through a genetic engineering means, has great significance for cultivating new varieties of high-yield and easy-to-harvest corn and improving the comprehensive production capacity of the corn, and is also a technical problem to be solved urgently in the current corn molecular breeding field. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a gene for controlling the grouting rate of corn and application thereof in plant breeding. In one aspect, the invention provides a protein for regulating plant grain development, which has an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.2 or an amino acid sequence with at least 99% homology with SEQ ID NO. 2. In a preferred embodiment, the protein has the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.2 or an amino acid sequence having at least 99% homology with SEQ ID NO.2, e.g. the protein has an amino acid sequence having at least 99%, at least 99.1%, at least 99.2%, at least 99.3%, at least 99.4%, at least 99.5%, at least 99.6%, at least 99.7%, at least 99.8%, at least 99.9% or 100% sequence identity with the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 2. In a further preferred embodiment, the amino acid sequence of the protein is shown in SEQ ID NO. 2. In another aspect, the invention provides genes encoding the proteins that regulate plant kernel development. In a preferred embodiment, the gene encoding the protein regulating plant kernel development comprises the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID No.1 or a nucleotide sequence having 99% or more homology to the above sequence, e.g. the gene has a nucleotide sequence having at least 99%, at least 99.1%, at least 99.2%, at least 99.3%, at least 99.4%, at least 99.5%, at least 99.6%, at least 99.7%, at least 99.8%, at least 99.9% or 100% sequence identity to the sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 1. In a further preferred embodiment, the CDS sequence of the gene encoding the protein regulating plant kernel development is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. As is well known to those skilled in the art, a gene sequence may also comprise introns, promoters and various regulatory elements, and thus the nucleotide sequence of the above-described gene may likewise comprise introns, promoters and various regulatory elements. In another aspect, the invention provides an expression cassette, recombinant vector, recombinant microorganism or transgenic plant tissue or transgenic plant comprising said gene. Furthermore, the invention also provides application of the protein or the gene or the expression cassette, the recombinant vector or the recombinant microorganism in regulating and controlling plant seed development. In a preferred em