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CN-122011493-A - Flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulose aerogel and preparation method and application thereof

CN122011493ACN 122011493 ACN122011493 ACN 122011493ACN-122011493-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulose aerogel and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aerogel materials. The preparation method of the flame-retardant tough thermal insulation cellulose aerogel comprises the steps of sequentially adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, 1, 2-bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane and phosphoric triamide group-bridged organosiloxane into BC dispersion liquid to obtain pretreated BC base liquid, then placing the BC base liquid into a constant-temperature water bath kettle for stirring and mixing to obtain white uniform suspension, heating and curing, precooling, and freeze-drying to obtain the flame-retardant tough thermal insulation cellulose aerogel. The cellulose aerogel obtained by the method is a composite aerogel material integrating heat insulation, flame retardance, cyclic compression and recycling, has good flame retardance and heat insulation performance, and has good application prospect in the field of building heat preservation and heat insulation.

Inventors

  • WANG DONG
  • Fang Shuohan
  • SU JIA
  • KONG DEZHENG
  • FU SHAOHAI

Assignees

  • 江南大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260310

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the flame-retardant, tough and heat-insulating cellulose aerogel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Sequentially adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, 1, 2-bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane and phosphoric triamide group bridged organosiloxane into the bacterial cellulose BC dispersion liquid to obtain a pretreated BC base liquid; (2) Placing the pretreated BC base solution in a constant-temperature water bath kettle for stirring and mixing to obtain white uniform suspension; (3) And (3) heating and curing the suspension in the step (2), pre-cooling, and freeze-drying to obtain the flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulose aerogel.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bacterial cellulose BC dispersion of step (1) is at a concentration of 0.5-1.0 wt%.
  3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to BC dispersion in step (1) is 0.1-0.5:1.
  4. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of 1, 2-bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane to BC dispersion in step (1) is 0.1 to 0.5:1.
  5. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the phosphoric triamide group-bridged organosiloxane and BC dispersion of step (1) is 0.5-1:1.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 1, 2-bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane, and phosphoric triamide group-bridged organosiloxane in step (1) is 1:1-3:4-10.
  7. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heat curing in step (3) is 60-90 ℃ for 30-50 min.
  8. 8. The flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulose aerogel prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-7.
  9. 9. The use of the flame retardant, tough, heat insulating cellulose aerogel of claim 8 in the field of thermal insulation of buildings.
  10. 10. A method of improving the fire retardant, thermal insulation and compressive stress properties of a cellulosic aerogel, said method comprising the steps of: (1) Sequentially adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, 1, 2-bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane and phosphoric triamide group-bridged organosiloxane into the BC dispersion liquid to obtain a pretreated BC base liquid; (2) Placing the pretreated BC base solution in a constant-temperature water bath kettle for stirring and mixing to obtain white uniform suspension; (3) And (3) heating and curing the suspension in the step (2), pre-cooling, and freeze-drying to obtain the flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulose aerogel.

Description

Flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulose aerogel and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulose aerogel and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aerogel materials. Background The cellulose aerogel is an ultralight and porous three-dimensional network structure material which is prepared by taking natural cellulose (usually derived from wood, crop straws or bacteria) as a matrix, compounding with other functional materials (such as nano particles, polymers, carbon materials and the like), and adopting sol-gel, freeze drying or supercritical drying and other processes. The cellulose composite aerogel has great potential in a plurality of leading-edge fields by virtue of an ultra-light porous network structure, flexible and controllable functionality and biodegradability derived from natural cellulose. The main characteristics of the composite material include extremely low density, high porosity, excellent heat insulation, conductivity, adsorption and the like, and the composite material directly drives wide typical application, such as being used for efficiently adsorbing greasy dirt and heavy metals in environmental protection, being used as a light heat insulation material in the fields of construction and aerospace, being used as a wound dressing or a drug carrier in biomedicine, being used for constructing a sensor or a supercapacitor electrode in the fields of flexible electronics and energy storage and the like. In order to further expand the application scene of the cellulose aerogel, especially meet the use requirement of complex working conditions such as high temperature, stress, etc., various cellulose-based aerogel materials with flame retardant and heat insulation properties have been developed in the prior art. For example, chinese patent CN 120966084A discloses a preparation method and application of isotropic flame-retardant bacterial cellulose aerogel, wherein phosphorus-containing/nitrogen-containing bridged organosiloxane (hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and gamma-aminopropyl silanetriol) and tetraethyl orthosilicate are added into bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid, and are stirred to obtain milky uniform stable suspension, so that the isotropic flame-retardant bacterial cellulose aerogel is prepared, chinese patent CN 120248413A discloses a flame-retardant recyclable compressed biodegradable cellulose aerogel, a preparation method and application thereof, and the core of the preparation method is that phosphorus-containing/nitrogen-containing bridged organosiloxane (hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane) and tetraethyl orthosilicate are added into bacterial cellulose dispersion liquid, and are stirred uniformly to prepare milky dispersion solution, and then the target aerogel material is prepared through a subsequent process. However, the development focus of the cellulose-based aerogel material prepared by the prior art is mainly focused on improving the flame retardant property and the heat insulation property of the material, and the mechanical strength of the material is not enough, so that the prepared aerogel has the problems of fragile structure, compression resistance and poor stretching resistance, is easy to collapse and damage when being subjected to external force, and severely limits the practical application of the aerogel in scenes (such as aerospace structural members, building heat-insulating bearing members, flexible electronic devices and the like) needing to bear a certain load. Meanwhile, the prior art is difficult to realize the cooperative promotion of flame retardance, heat insulation and mechanical strength, and cannot meet the requirement of high-end application scenes on the multifunctional integration of materials. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulose aerogel, and the preparation method and the application thereof, and aims to solve the problems of insufficient flame retardance and poor mechanical property of the traditional cellulose aerogel. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme provided is as follows: the first object of the invention is to provide a preparation method of flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulose aerogel, which comprises the following steps: (1) Sequentially adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, 1, 2-bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane and phosphoric triamide group-bridged organosiloxane into the BC dispersion liquid to obtain a pretreated BC base liquid; (2) Placing the pretreated BC base solution in a constant-temperature water bath kettle for stirring and mixing to obtain white uniform suspension; (3) And (3) heating and curing the suspension in the step (2), pre-cooling, and freeze-drying to obtain the flame-retardant tough heat-insulating cellulo