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CN-122011558-A - High-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate and preparation method thereof

CN122011558ACN 122011558 ACN122011558 ACN 122011558ACN-122011558-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly discloses a high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the waterproof and drainage plate is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight through melt blending, calendaring molding and irradiation crosslinking; the raw materials comprise 35-45 parts of high-density polyethylene, 30-40 parts of toughening component and 20-30 parts of core-shell structure cold-resistant reinforcing master batch, wherein the toughening component comprises polyolefin elastomer and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. The waterproof and waterproof board prepared by the invention has excellent comprehensive performance, high tensile strength, excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent freeze-thawing cycle aging resistance. Compared with a product adopting physical blending, the waterproof and drainage plate provided by the invention has obvious progress in a test simulating a severe working condition, and can meet the severe requirements of high-end application scenes such as bridge tunnels and the like on the long-term service reliability of the waterproof and drainage material.

Inventors

  • XU SHANSHAN
  • QIN JIAXING
  • ZHANG XIANHUI
  • ZHAO YE
  • LI ZHIMING
  • LIU ZHONGYU
  • ZHAO LU
  • WANG HAIJUN
  • ZHANG TIANXING
  • Fang Xingshi
  • LIU XIAOFENG
  • SUN HONGBO

Assignees

  • 黑龙江科技大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260413

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate is characterized by being prepared by melt blending, calendaring, forming and irradiation crosslinking of the following raw materials in parts by weight; The raw materials comprise 35-45 parts of high-density polyethylene, 30-40 parts of toughening component and 20-30 parts of core-shell structure cold-resistant reinforcing master batch; the toughening component comprises a polyolefin elastomer and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
  2. 2. The high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel drainage plate of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polyolefin elastomer to the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 1-2:1-2.
  3. 3. The high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate according to claim 1, wherein the core-shell structure cold-resistant reinforced master batch comprises a core and a shell; The core consists of functionalized modified ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and nano silicon dioxide; the shell is composed of very low density polyethylene and maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin compatibilizer.
  4. 4. The high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate according to claim 3, wherein in the core-shell structure cold-resistant reinforced master batch, the mass ratio of the core to the shell is 6-7:3-4.
  5. 5. The high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the functionalized modified ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber to the nano silicon dioxide in the core is 6-7:1.
  6. 6. The high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate according to claim 3, wherein the functionalized modified ethylene propylene diene monomer is prepared by the following method: a. Carrying out polyurethane addition reaction on isocyanic acid propyl triethoxy silane and N- (2-hydroxyethyl) maleimide under the action of a catalyst to obtain a functional coupling agent; b. and (3) carrying out melt grafting reaction on the ethylene propylene diene monomer and a functional coupling agent under the action of a free radical initiator to obtain the functionalized modified ethylene propylene diene monomer.
  7. 7. The high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the isocyanatopropyl triethoxysilane, the N- (2-hydroxyethyl) maleimide and the catalyst in the a is 10:5.5-6.5:0.01-0.02.
  8. 8. The high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber to functional coupling agent to free radical initiator in the b is 100:5-7:0.2-0.4.
  9. 9. The high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel drainage plate according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the very low density polyethylene to the maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin compatilizer in the shell is 8-10:1.
  10. 10. A method for preparing the high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, mixing the core-shell structure cold-resistant reinforced master batch with high-density polyethylene and a toughening component at a high speed to obtain a mixture; s2, carrying out melt extrusion and calendaring molding on the mixture through a sheet extruder to obtain a semi-finished product of the waterproof and drainage plate; S3, carrying out electron beam irradiation treatment on the semi-finished product of the waterproof and drainage plate to obtain the high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate.

Description

High-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate and a preparation method thereof. Background The waterproof and drainage plate is an indispensable key waterproof component in modern tunnel engineering, and the performance of the waterproof and drainage plate is directly related to the safety and durability of a tunnel structure. For a conventional underground tunnel, the waterproof and drainage plate mainly bears mechanical stress and later surrounding rock pressure in the construction and installation process. However, when the application scene is expanded to the connecting section of the bridge and the tunnel, the tunnel portal section of the highway or the shallow tunnel with complex geological conditions in the alpine region, the waterproof and drainage plate faces more serious environmental tests. Such exposed or semi-exposed structures are subjected throughout the year to severe diurnal temperature differentials and seasonal freeze-thaw cycles. In winter, the ambient temperature can drop suddenly to-30 ℃ and even below-40 ℃, which creates a serious low temperature brittleness challenge for water-repellent boards based on High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). The HDPE has higher glass transition temperature, the molecular chain segment movement is limited in a low-temperature environment, the material is changed from a ductile state to a brittle state, and brittle fracture is easy to occur under the impact of external force. Meanwhile, repeated expansion and contraction with heat can generate cyclic stress in the material to induce the initiation and expansion of microcracks, so that the fatigue damage of the material is finally caused, the leakage failure of the water-proof and drainage system is caused, and the structural safety is endangered. In order to improve the toughness of the polyethylene-based waterproof and drainage plate, the prior art mostly adopts a physical blending method to add an elastomer (such as Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) and polyolefin elastomer (POE)) or inorganic rigid particles (such as nano SiO 2) for modification. However, such solutions have the following inherent technical drawbacks: 1. Poor interfacial compatibility results in performance degradation, HDPE being a non-polar polymer, whereas elastomers such as EPDM, POE and inorganic nanofillers are inherently thermodynamically incompatible therewith. By simple physical blending, the phases are combined by only weak van der Waals force or physical winding, and the interface binding force is weak. Under the action of long-term circulating temperature stress, the phase interface is easy to debond to form a stress concentration point, so that the stress cannot be effectively transmitted, but fatigue damage of the material can be accelerated, and the mechanical property of the material is quickly attenuated. 2. The uneven dispersion of nanofiller results in performance degradation in that nanoparticles (such as nano SiO 2) are highly susceptible to agglomeration in the polymer melt due to their large specific surface area and high surface energy, forming larger sized aggregates. These aggregates not only do not perform the intended nano-reinforcement, but instead can become a source of defects within the material, significantly reducing the impact toughness and fatigue life of the material, making the material performance unstable and difficult to control. Based on the above statement, the invention provides a high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate and a preparation method thereof. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the waterproof and drainage plate is high in low-temperature brittleness and insufficient in fatigue resistance due to poor component compatibility and uneven filler dispersion, and cannot meet long-term service requirements under severe working conditions such as a bridge tunnel. In a first aspect, the invention provides a high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate, which adopts the following technical scheme: A high-strength cold-resistant bridge tunnel waterproof and drainage plate is prepared by melt blending, calendaring, forming and irradiation crosslinking of the following raw materials in parts by weight; The raw materials comprise 35-45 parts of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), 30-40 parts of toughening component and 20-30 parts of core-shell structure cold-resistant reinforcing master batch; the toughening component comprises a polyolefin elastomer (POE) and an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). Preferably, the ma