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CN-122011561-A - Polyolefin composite material and preparation method and application thereof

CN122011561ACN 122011561 ACN122011561 ACN 122011561ACN-122011561-A

Abstract

The invention provides a polyolefin composite material, a preparation method and application thereof. The material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 100 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 2-5 parts of compatibilizer, 0.5-3 parts of antioxidant, 4-11 parts of rheological additive, 60-100 parts of flame retardant, 40-80 parts of skeleton filler, ceramic filler, 10-50 parts of silicon source and 1-10 parts of nucleation additive. The composite material can achieve a ceramified polyolefin by a "fluxless" system.

Inventors

  • ZHONG JIANYING
  • ZHANG LIANGPEI
  • GAO BAOCHEN
  • WANG CHUNYAN
  • ZHANG BO
  • LI CANGHAI
  • HAN YUN

Assignees

  • 中国电气装备集团科学技术研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251208

Claims (17)

  1. 1. The polyolefin composite material comprises, by weight, 100 parts of a polyolefin elastomer, 2-5 parts of a compatibilizer, 0.5-3 parts of an antioxidant, 4-11 parts of a rheological additive, 60-100 parts of a flame retardant, 40-80 parts of a skeleton filler, 10-50 parts of a porcelain filler, and 1-10 parts of a nucleating additive; the polyolefin elastomer comprises one or two of EVA and POE; the flame retardant comprises one or more than two of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; the ceramic filler comprises 10-30 parts by weight of montmorillonite and 5-20 parts by weight of organically modified montmorillonite; the nucleation auxiliary agent comprises montmorillonite and an active component loaded on the montmorillonite, wherein the active component comprises one or a combination of more than two of transition metal oxide and phosphate.
  2. 2. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein the polyolefin elastomer comprises 10-40 parts by weight EVA, 10-40 parts by weight POE, 10-40 parts by weight low density polyethylene, 10-40 parts by weight metallocene polyethylene.
  3. 3. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein the active component comprises 0.1% -10% by weight of the nucleation aid.
  4. 4. The polyolefin composite material according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the preparation method of the nucleation auxiliary agent comprises the steps of mixing an active component precursor and montmorillonite, and performing heat treatment at 500-1200 ℃ to obtain the polyolefin composite material, wherein the active component precursor comprises one or more of ferric chloride, nickel chloride, cobalt chloride, zinc acetate, titanate and calcium phosphate.
  5. 5. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein the compatibilizer comprises one or a combination of two or more of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, acrylic acid grafted polyolefin, silane coupling agents.
  6. 6. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein the organically modified montmorillonite comprises one or a combination of two of a double long chain alkyl ammonium modified high purity organomontmorillonite DK4, a long chain alkyl ammonium modified high purity organomontmorillonite DK 18.
  7. 7. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises one or a combination of two or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1098, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant DLTP, antioxidant DSDTP, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 626.
  8. 8. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein the porcelain-forming filler further comprises one or a combination of two of bentonite, kaolin.
  9. 9. The polyolefin composite according to claim 1, wherein in the flame retardant, when the magnesium hydroxide is used alone, the mass ratio of the polyolefin to the magnesium hydroxide is 1:1 to 1:2; When the aluminum hydroxide is used alone, the mass ratio of the polyolefin to the aluminum hydroxide is 1:1-1:2; When the aluminum hydroxide, the magnesium hydroxide and the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite are used, the mass ratio of the polyolefin to the aluminum hydroxide to the magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite is 1:0.4:0.6:0.1-1:0.8:1.2:1.
  10. 10. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein the skeletal filler comprises one or a combination of two or more of needle-like wollastonite, sepiolite, glass fibers.
  11. 11. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein the silicon source comprises one or a combination of two or more of silicone rubber, silicone resin, silane coupling agent modified silica.
  12. 12. The polyolefin composite of claim 1, wherein the rheology aid comprises 3-6 parts by weight silicone masterbatch, 1-5 parts by weight polyethylene wax.
  13. 13. A method of preparing the polyolefin composite of any of claims 1 to 12, comprising: s1, blending a polyolefin elastomer, a compatibilizer, an antioxidant, a rheological additive, a flame retardant, a framework filler, a porcelain-forming filler, a silicon source and a nucleation additive, wherein the blending temperature is 60-80 ℃, the blending time is 10-20 min, and the stirring rotation speed is 5-50 rpm during mixing to obtain a mixture; S2, processing and forming the mixture, wherein the processing temperature is 140-160 ℃, and the polyolefin composite material is obtained.
  14. 14. The method of producing a polyolefin composite according to claim 13, wherein the method of processing and molding comprises twin-screw extruder extrusion, banburying-single screw extrusion, continuous banburying-hot cutting granulation.
  15. 15. The method for preparing a polyolefin composite material according to claim 14, wherein in the extrusion of the twin-screw extruder, the temperature is controlled to be 140-145 ℃ in one zone, 145-150 ℃ in two zones, 150-155 ℃ in three zones, 155-160 ℃ in four zones, 160-165 ℃ in five zones, 165-170 ℃ in six zones, 160-165 ℃ in seven zones, 155-160 ℃ in eight zones and 140-150 ℃ in a machine head.
  16. 16. The method for producing a polyolefin composite according to claim 13, wherein the method further comprises subjecting the polyolefin composite to a drying treatment to a water content of 1% by weight or less.
  17. 17. Use of a polyolefin composite as a cable material, wherein the polyolefin composite is a polyolefin composite according to any one of claims 1 to 12 or the polyolefin composite is prepared according to the method of preparation of a polyolefin composite according to any one of claims 13 to 16.

Description

Polyolefin composite material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a polyolefin composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background With the development of society, the performance requirements on cables are increasing, especially in the aspect of fire safety. Traditional cable materials are easy to burn and release a large amount of heat and toxic gas under the condition of fire, and cannot meet the strict requirements of modern buildings and industrial sites on fireproof performance. The ceramic polyolefin material is used as a novel fireproof material, and can form a ceramic-like hard shell at high temperature, so that flame and heat are effectively isolated, the internal structure of the cable is protected, a certain power-on time in a fire scene can be ensured, opportunities are provided for escape and braking, and the novel fireproof material has a wide application prospect. Common ceramic polyolefin materials typically require the addition of fluxing agents, such as zinc borate or low melting point glass frits, to reduce the porcelain forming temperature and facilitate the ceramic process. CN119286098A provides a ceramic polyolefin, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation raw materials comprise 40-60 parts of polyolefin resin, 40-60 parts of ceramic powder, 20-40 parts of low-melting glass powder, 15-60 parts of silicate filler and 0.1-3 parts of antioxidant, wherein the polyolefin resin is a mixture of polyethylene and ethylene-octene copolymer, and the ceramic powder is a mixture of silicon dioxide, boron oxide, zinc oxide and magnesium oxide. The ceramic polyolefin provided by the ceramic coating has excellent tensile strength and elongation at break, and the ceramic shell is complete. But this technique involves the use of low temperature glass frits. CN118755177a provides an EVA-based ceramified polyolefin cable jacket. The cable sheath comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 75-85 parts of a base material, 20-20.8 parts of microencapsulated IFR, 2-3 parts of OMMT, 0.8-1.2 parts of Zn/TiO 2 @acidified kaolin, 15-20 parts of glass powder, 110-120 parts of ceramic powder, 7-10 parts of POE-g-GMA, 1-3 parts of an antioxidant and 2-5 parts of a lubricant. However, this technique uses microencapsulated flame retardants and also uses low temperature glass frits. In addition, the technology also uses cosolvent such as zinc borate, ammonium polyphosphate and the like, and needs high porcelain forming temperature (800 ℃). CN117070016A provides a high-temperature-resistant refractory ceramic polyolefin material, which comprises, by weight, 25-30 parts of a polyethylene elastomer, 4-8 parts of metallocene linear polyethylene, 5-8 parts of a metallocene polyethylene grafting compatilizer, 35-40 parts of mixed ceramic powder, 7-10 parts of a flame retardant, 5-8 parts of low-temperature glass powder, 0.4-0.8 part of a coupling aid, 2-3 parts of a lubricant and 2-3 parts of an antioxidant, wherein the breaking strength of the polyethylene elastomer is greater than or equal to 25Mpa, and the breaking elongation is greater than or equal to 800%. But the technique also involves the use of low temperature glass frits. In these prior art techniques, the presence of fluxing agents tends to reduce the mechanical strength of the material and to easily cause melt dripping at high temperatures, affecting its thermal insulation and fire resistance. And alkali metal elements may be contained to affect flame retardant properties. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a polyolefin composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material can achieve a ceramified polyolefin by a "fluxless" system. According to the first aspect of the invention, the polyolefin composite material comprises, by weight, 100 parts of a polyolefin elastomer, 2-5 parts of a compatibilizer, 0.5-3 parts of an antioxidant, 4-11 parts of a rheological additive, 60-100 parts of a flame retardant, 40-80 parts of a skeleton filler, a porcelain filler, 10-50 parts of a silicon source and 1-10 parts of a nucleation additive; the polyolefin elastomer comprises one or two of EVA and POE; the flame retardant comprises one or more than two of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite; the ceramic filler comprises 10-30 parts by weight of montmorillonite and 5-20 parts by weight of organically modified montmorillonite; the nucleation auxiliary agent comprises montmorillonite and an active component loaded on the montmorillonite, wherein the active component comprises one or a combination of more than two of transition metal oxide and phosphate. When the material is applied with high temperature or in the combustion process, the nucleating agent synchrono