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CN-122011586-A - Polypropylene/polyurethane composite material and preparation method and application thereof

CN122011586ACN 122011586 ACN122011586 ACN 122011586ACN-122011586-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a polypropylene/polyurethane composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the polypropylene/polyurethane composite material comprises, by weight, 30-80 parts of polypropylene, 5-50 parts of polyurethane, 2-55 parts of plant fibers, 1-10 parts of compatilizer and 10-30 parts of ammonium/amine phosphate flame retardant. The composite material provided by the invention can effectively overcome the defects that the flame retardance and the mechanical property of the polypropylene composite material are difficult to be compatible and the scratch resistance and the wear resistance are poor in the prior art through the synergistic compounding effect of the components.

Inventors

  • LI QILONG
  • SUN HUAXU
  • CHENG SHUWEN
  • LI GUOWEI
  • LI WENZHAO

Assignees

  • 武汉金发科技有限公司
  • 武汉金发科技企业技术中心有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260311

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The polypropylene/polyurethane composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30-80 parts of polypropylene; 5-50 parts of polyurethane; 2-55 parts of plant fiber; 1-10 parts of a compatilizer; 10-30 parts of ammonium/amine phosphate flame retardant.
  2. 2. The polypropylene/polyurethane composite of claim 1, wherein the polypropylene comprises homo-polypropylene and/or co-polypropylene.
  3. 3. The polypropylene/polyurethane composite of claim 1, wherein the polyurethane is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer.
  4. 4. The polypropylene/polyurethane composite according to claim 1, wherein the polyurethane has a shore hardness of 30-80D, preferably 45-75D.
  5. 5. The polypropylene/polyurethane composite according to claim 1, wherein the plant fibers comprise any one or a combination of at least two of wood flour, bamboo fibers, hemp fibers or rice hull fibers, preferably bamboo fibers and/or hemp fibers.
  6. 6. The polypropylene/polyurethane composite material according to claim 1, wherein the length of the plant fiber is 0.1-120 mm, preferably 5-100 mm.
  7. 7. The polypropylene/polyurethane composite of claim 1, wherein the compatibilizing agent comprises maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and/or maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer; Preferably, the ammonium/amine phosphate flame retardant comprises any one or a combination of at least two of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine polyphosphate or piperazine pyrophosphate.
  8. 8. A method for preparing the polypropylene/polyurethane composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing the components, and obtaining the polypropylene/polyurethane composite material through melt extrusion, cooling granulation and injection molding.
  9. 9. Use of the polypropylene/polyurethane composite according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in automotive parts, electrical and electronic housings or building materials.
  10. 10. An article, characterized in that the article is formed by injection molding, suction molding or compression molding of the polypropylene/polyurethane composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Polypropylene/polyurethane composite material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of polymer composite materials, in particular to a polypropylene/polyurethane composite material, a preparation method and application thereof. Background As a general plastic, polypropylene has the characteristics of small density, good chemical stability, excellent processability and the like, and is widely applied to various fields. However, pure polypropylene has poor flame retardant property, low limiting oxygen index, and is easy to break when being subjected to external force, and insufficient in impact strength, so that the application of the pure polypropylene in occasions with high requirements on flame retardance and mechanical properties is limited. In order to improve the performance of polypropylene, researchers often adopt a mode of adding plant fibers for reinforcement modification. The plant fiber has wide sources, low price and reproducibility, and the mechanical property of the material can be improved to a certain extent by introducing the plant fiber into the polypropylene matrix. However, the surface of the plant fiber contains a large amount of hydroxyl groups, the polarity is strong, and the polypropylene is a nonpolar polymer, so that the compatibility between the two is poor, and the mechanical property of the composite material is limited. Meanwhile, in order to impart flame retardant properties to the polypropylene composite, a flame retardant is generally added. However, when the flame retardant is added alone, a higher addition amount is required to achieve an ideal flame retardant effect, which leads to the reduction of the mechanical properties of the composite material, and the scratch resistance and the wear resistance of the material are difficult to meet the actual application requirements. Therefore, the polypropylene composite material is provided, the mechanical property, the scratch resistance and the wear resistance of the material are obviously improved while the flame retardant property of the material is improved, and the technical problem to be solved is urgent at present. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a polypropylene/polyurethane composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material provided by the invention can effectively overcome the defects that the flame retardance and the mechanical property of the polypropylene composite material are difficult to be compatible and the scratch resistance and the wear resistance are poor in the prior art through the synergistic compounding effect of the components. To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: in a first aspect, the invention provides a polypropylene/polyurethane composite material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-80 parts of polypropylene; 5-50 parts of polyurethane; 2-55 parts of plant fiber; 1-10 parts of a compatilizer; 10-30 parts of ammonium/amine phosphate flame retardant. According to the phosphorus-nitrogen expansion halogen-free flame retardant mechanism, the acid source, the carbon source and the air source act synergistically. The flame retardant is characterized in that the ammonium/amine phosphate flame retardant is decomposed at high temperature to generate phosphoric acid, the phosphoric acid has the function of catalyzing and dehydrating a carbon source to form a carbon layer, the plant fiber main body is a polyol component such as cellulose, hemicellulose and the like, and can be used as the carbon source to have flame retardant synergistic effect, the polyurethane monomer is a polyol and isocyanate, and can be used as an auxiliary carbon source and a gas source in the combustion process to have flame retardant synergistic effect, and the three components are compounded to improve the flame retardant efficiency, reduce the adding proportion of the flame retardant and improve the flame retardant property and the mechanical property of the material. Meanwhile, the toughness of the composite material can be effectively improved by adding the polyurethane, the plant fiber plays a role in reinforcing, and the compatilizer improves the interfacial compatibility among the plant fiber, the polyurethane and the polypropylene matrix and improves the overall performance of the composite material. The polypropylene/polyurethane composite material provided by the invention has excellent flame retardant property and mechanical property, and also has excellent scratch resistance and wear resistance by utilizing the synergistic effect of the components, and can be widely applied to the fields of automobile parts, electronic and electric appliance shells, building materials and the like. In the polypropylene/polyurethane composite material of the present invention, for example, 30 parts, 40 parts,