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CN-122011708-A - Preparation method of 3D printing material for straw fiber grading treatment

CN122011708ACN 122011708 ACN122011708 ACN 122011708ACN-122011708-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of straw fiber material preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a 3D printing material for straw fiber grading treatment, which comprises the following steps of S1, a straw fiber grading treatment stage, S2, a raw material pretreatment stage, S3, a mixing and modifying stage, S4, a granulating and 3D printing adaptation stage, and S5, a checking and packaging stage, wherein 100 parts of raw materials are mixed with 55 parts of PLA, 20 parts of straw coarse fibers, 15 parts of straw fine fibers, 4 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE, 3 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of talcum powder and 1 part of antioxidant, and the preparation method aims to solve the problems that most of the traditional straw fiber material preparation does not carry out accurate grading treatment on straw fibers, only single-particle-size fibers are adopted for processing, the structure compactness and mechanical reinforcing effect of materials are difficult, the inside of finished products are easy to cause, gaps, the performance is unbalanced and the like.

Inventors

  • LI YINGRUI
  • ZHANG ZHENGDONG
  • YE LINGFENG
  • Xu Mengbin
  • WANG FEI

Assignees

  • 江苏省农垦产业技术研究院有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260310

Claims (6)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the 3D printing material for the grading treatment of the straw fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, crushing corn straws in a grading treatment stage, sieving the crushed corn straws by a double-layer screen to obtain coarse fibers and fine fibers of the straws with different particle diameters, and removing undersize dust and impurities; s2, in a raw material pretreatment stage, drying the straw fibers, PLA and other auxiliary raw materials, and performing plasma surface activation treatment on the straw fibers; s3, in the mixing and modifying stage, all the raw materials are mixed uniformly in proportion, and melt blending extrusion is carried out through a double-screw extruder to form a uniform melt composite; S4, granulating and 3D printing adaptation stage, cooling the extruded material strips, granulating, carrying out superfine grinding on the particles, and screening to obtain printing raw materials meeting the particle size requirement; s5, in the inspection and packaging stage, mechanical property and melt flow rate of the printing raw materials are detected, vacuum packaging is carried out after the printing raw materials are qualified, and warehousing and storage are carried out after tightness detection; The raw materials comprise, by weight, 100 parts of total materials, 55 parts of PLA, 20 parts of straw coarse fibers, 15 parts of straw fine fibers, 4 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE, 3 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of talcum powder and 1 part of antioxidant.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the 3D printing material for the straw fiber grading treatment is characterized in that a jaw crusher and a vibration screening machine are used in the straw fiber grading treatment stage, the feeding port of the jaw crusher is 150mm multiplied by 250mm, the maximum feeding granularity is 120mm, the discharging granularity is 5-20mm and adjustable, the motor power is 5.5kW, the liner is 304 stainless steel, the vibration screening machine is provided with a 20-mesh and 120-mesh double-layer 304 stainless steel screen, the vibration frequency is 800-1800 times/min and adjustable, the vibration amplitude is 3-8mm and 0.75kW, the sealing dust cover is arranged, corn straw is firstly aired for 24 hours during the treatment, the jaw crusher is put into the setting discharging granularity of 8mm, the crushed corn straw is conveyed into the vibration machine through a conveying belt, the vibration frequency is set 1500 times/min and 5mm, the upper layer 20-40-mesh coarse fiber and 100-120-mesh fine fiber are respectively collected after screening is completed, and the middle layer is cleaned by compressed air screen after screening is completed.
  3. 3. The preparation method of the 3D printing material for the hierarchical treatment of the straw fiber is characterized in that a vacuum drying oven and a plasma processor are used in the raw material pretreatment stage, the effective volume of the vacuum drying oven is 50L, the temperature control range is 5-200 ℃, the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃, the vacuum degree can reach-0.095 MPa, the detachable drying oven and a temperature sensor are provided, the volume of a treatment cavity of the plasma processor is 10L, the power range is 0-500W and is adjustable, a plurality of protective gases are supported, the gas flow control precision is +/-0.1L/min, the treatment time is 0-60min and is adjustable, a vacuum system and an exhaust purification device are provided, straw coarse fibers and fine fibers are evenly paved on the drying oven during treatment, the paving thickness is less than or equal to 2cm, the vacuum drying oven is 80 ℃ and the vacuum degree is-0.09 MPa for 4h, the cooled straw fibers are transferred into a sealed container, the dried straw fiber is placed into the plasma treatment cavity, vacuumized to-0.08 MPa, argon is replaced for 3 times, the power is 300W and the treatment time is 5min, the straw fiber is taken out, the straw fiber is compatible, the PLA is placed into a vacuum cooling oven, and the antioxidant is independently cooled for 2h, and the straw fiber is independently placed into a cooling oven for cooling bin.
  4. 4. The preparation method of the 3D printing material for the straw fiber grading treatment according to claim 1, wherein a double-screw mixer and a homodromous double-screw extruder are used in the mixing and modification stage, the effective volume of the double-screw mixer is 500L, a mixing cavity is made of 304 stainless steel, the rotating speed of a blade is 30-80r/min and is adjustable, the variation coefficient of mixing uniformity is less than or equal to 5%, the mixing uniformity is provided with a feed inlet, an observation window and a discharge outlet, the diameter of a screw of the homodromous double-screw extruder is 36mm, the length-diameter ratio is 40:1, five sections of temperature control areas are arranged, the temperature control range is 50-250 ℃, the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃, the rotating speed of the screw is 50-300r/min, a forced feeder, a melt pressure sensor and a screen changer are arranged, PLA, straw fibers, compatilizer, talcum powder and an antioxidant are put into the double-screw mixer according to the proportion in the treatment, the mixing process is carried out for 15min, the mixed materials are conveyed to the forced feeder of the double-screw extruder through a pipeline, the forced feeder speed is set, the feeding speed is 50kg/h, the temperature of the extruder is 160 ℃ in one area, two area 170 ℃ and two area 185 ℃ in the temperature of the extruder, the temperature is 180 ℃ in the three area 180 ℃ in the 180 ℃ and the four area 180 ℃ in the temperature stable state, the temperature is adjusted at the temperature is 180 ℃ or the continuous sampling state after the temperature is observed at the constant speed is 8 MPa.
  5. 5. The preparation method of the 3D printing material for the grading treatment of the straw fiber according to claim 1, wherein a granulator, an ultrafine grinder and a vibration screening machine are used in the granulation and 3D printing adaptation stage, the cutter of the granulator is made of high-speed steel, the cutter hardness is higher than HRC60, the granulating length is 1-5mm, the granulating speed is 0-50m/min, and the granulation machine is provided with a water cooling system and a material strip traction device; the grinding cavity of the superfine pulverizer is made of zirconia corundum, the grinding grain size is 10-150 mu m, the motor power is 15kW, the vacuum degree is more than or equal to-0.09 MPa during operation, the superfine pulverizer is provided with a classifying device and a dust recycling system, the vibrating screening machine is provided with a 80-mesh 304 stainless steel screen, the screen aperture is 180 mu m, the vibrating frequency is 1500 times/min, the amplitude is 5mm, the superfine pulverizer is provided with an oversize collecting device, during treatment, the extruded material strip is cooled by a 3m cooling water tank, the water temperature is 25 ℃, the grain cutting length is set by a tractor, the grains are collected, then the grains are ventilated and dried, the dried grains are put into the superfine pulverizer to set the grinding grain size of 80 mu m, sampling detection is carried out after the grinding is carried out for 30min, the grinding time is prolonged for 5-10min after the grinding is not up to standard, the ground materials are transferred into the vibrating screening machine to be screened for 10min, the undersize grains are collected, and the oversize grains are returned to the superfine pulverizer for re-grinding.
  6. 6. The preparation method of the 3D printing material for the grading treatment of the straw fibers according to claim 1 is characterized in that a universal testing machine, a melt flow rate meter, a full-automatic vacuum packaging machine and a bag leakage detector are used in the inspection and packaging stage, 3 samples are extracted from each batch during inspection, standard stretching sample bars and bending sample bars are prepared, the standard stretching sample bars and the bending sample bars are tested through the universal testing machine, 5g of samples are tested under the condition of 190 ℃ per 2.16kg through the melt flow rate meter, qualified particles are sent into the vacuum packaging machine through a screw conveyor during packaging, the weight of each bag is set to be 25kg, the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 0.09MPa, the heat sealing temperature is 160 ℃ and the heat sealing time is 2s, the vacuumizing heat sealing and the coding process is completed, the packaged finished products are detected through the bag leakage detector, the vacuum degree is set to be less than or equal to 0.05MPa, the detection time is 3s, the temperature of a warehouse is less than or equal to 25 ℃, the relative humidity is less than or equal to 65% and the stacking height is 1.5m.

Description

Preparation method of 3D printing material for straw fiber grading treatment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of straw fiber material preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a 3D printing material for straw fiber grading treatment. Background The preparation of the straw fiber material is to use agricultural waste straw as a core raw material, and to fuse the straw fiber with a polymer matrix, an auxiliary additive and the like through a series of processes of crushing, screening, pretreatment, composite modification and the like, so as to convert the straw fiber material into a novel material with specific use performance, wherein the core aim is to realize recycling of the straw, widen application scenes of the biomass material in different fields, and have both environmental protection value and practical value; Most of the existing straw fiber material preparation does not carry out accurate grading treatment on straw fibers, only adopts single-particle-diameter fibers for processing, is difficult to consider the structural compactness and mechanical reinforcing effect of the material, and is easy to cause the problems of void inside a finished product, unbalanced performance and the like. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a 3D printing material for straw fiber grading treatment, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, most of straw fiber preparation is not performed with accurate grading treatment on straw fibers, only single-particle-diameter fibers are adopted for processing, the structural compactness and mechanical reinforcing effect of the material are difficult to be considered, gaps exist in finished products easily, and the performance is unbalanced. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the preparation method of the 3D printing material for the grading treatment of the straw fiber comprises the following steps: S1, crushing corn straws in a grading treatment stage, sieving the crushed corn straws by a double-layer screen to obtain coarse fibers and fine fibers of the straws with different particle diameters, and removing undersize dust and impurities; s2, in a raw material pretreatment stage, drying the straw fibers, PLA and other auxiliary raw materials, and performing plasma surface activation treatment on the straw fibers; s3, in the mixing and modifying stage, all the raw materials are mixed uniformly in proportion, and melt blending extrusion is carried out through a double-screw extruder to form a uniform melt composite; S4, granulating and 3D printing adaptation stage, cooling the extruded material strips, granulating, carrying out superfine grinding on the particles, and screening to obtain printing raw materials meeting the particle size requirement; s5, in the inspection and packaging stage, mechanical property and melt flow rate of the printing raw materials are detected, vacuum packaging is carried out after the printing raw materials are qualified, and warehousing and storage are carried out after tightness detection; The raw materials comprise, by weight, 100 parts of total materials, 55 parts of PLA, 20 parts of straw coarse fibers, 15 parts of straw fine fibers, 4 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE, 3 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of talcum powder and 1 part of antioxidant. Preferably, a jaw crusher and a vibration screening machine are used in the straw fiber grading treatment stage, wherein a feed inlet of the jaw crusher is 150mm multiplied by 250mm, the maximum feed granularity is 120mm, the discharge granularity is 5-20mm and is adjustable, the motor power is 5.5kW, an inner container is made of 304 stainless steel, the vibration screening machine is provided with a 20-mesh and 120-mesh double-layer 304 stainless steel screen, the vibration frequency is 800-1800 times/min and the vibration amplitude is 3-8mm and is adjustable, the motor power is 0.75kW, a sealing dust cover is arranged, corn straw is firstly aired for 24 hours during treatment, the jaw crusher is put into the jaw crusher to set the discharge granularity to be 8mm, the crushed corn straw is conveyed into the vibration screening machine through a conveying belt, the vibration frequency is set to be 1500 times/min, the vibration amplitude is 5mm, the upper layer 20-40 mesh coarse fiber and the middle layer 100-120 mesh fine fiber are respectively collected after screening is completed, and the screen is cleaned by compressed air after screening is completed. Preferably, the raw material pretreatment stage uses a vacuum drying oven and a plasma processor, wherein the effective volume of the vacuum drying oven is 50L, the temperature control range is 5-200 ℃, the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃, the vacuum degree can reach minus 0.095MPa, a detachable baking pan and a temperature sensor are arranged, the volume of the plasma processor treatment cavit