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CN-122011712-A - Flame-retardant environment-friendly plastic material and preparation method thereof

CN122011712ACN 122011712 ACN122011712 ACN 122011712ACN-122011712-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a flame-retardant environment-friendly plastic material and a preparation method thereof. The flame-retardant environment-friendly plastic material comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of polylactic acid, 20-30 parts of starch, 10-15 parts of PBAT, 8-12 parts of flame retardant, 1-3 parts of flame-retardant synergist, 3-8 parts of modified bamboo fibers, 2-7 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of lubricant. The environment-friendly plastic material has excellent mechanical strength, antibacterial effect, heat resistance, ultraviolet aging resistance and flame retardance.

Inventors

  • LUO XINYI

Assignees

  • 湖南晟鑫如泰生物科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260407

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The flame-retardant environment-friendly plastic material is characterized by comprising, by weight, 50-70 parts of polylactic acid, 20-30 parts of starch, 10-15 parts of PBAT, 8-12 parts of flame retardant, 1-3 parts of flame retardant synergist, 3-8 parts of modified bamboo fiber, 2-7 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of lubricant.
  2. 2. The flame-retardant and environment-friendly plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the flame-retardant synergist is as follows: Adding gallic acid, (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) boric acid into toluene/dioxane solution, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate for reflux reaction, and purifying to obtain the flame retardant synergist; The flame retardant synergist has the structural formula: 。
  3. 3. The flame-retardant and environment-friendly plastic material according to claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of the gallic acid, (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) boric acid and anhydrous sodium sulfate is 0.3 (0.62-0.65): 19-22.
  4. 4. The flame-retardant and environment-friendly plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the modified bamboo fiber is prepared by the following steps: (1) Adding the pretreated bamboo fibers into water, adding diethyl amino methyl triethoxysilane for reaction, filtering, washing and vacuum drying after the reaction is finished to obtain aminated bamboo fibers; (2) Adding the aminated bamboo fiber into acetonitrile, adding 4-bromophenyl perfluoro (1, 4-dimethyl-2, 5-dioxaoctyl) ketone for reaction, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing, and vacuum drying to obtain the modified bamboo fiber.
  5. 5. The flame-retardant and environment-friendly plastic material according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated bamboo fibers to the diethylaminomethyl triethoxysilane in the step (1) is 1 (0.12-0.34), the reaction temperature is 60-65 ℃ and the reaction time is 5-8h.
  6. 6. The flame-retardant and environment-friendly plastic material according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the pretreated bamboo fiber comprises the following steps: Adding bamboo fiber powder into sodium hydroxide solution, stirring at 50-55deg.C for 1-2 hr, filtering, washing, and vacuum drying to obtain the pretreated bamboo fiber.
  7. 7. The flame-retardant and environment-friendly plastic material according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the aminated bamboo fiber to the 4-bromophenyl perfluoro (1, 4-dimethyl-2, 5-dioxaoctyl) ketone is 1 (0.4-1.2), the reaction temperature is 70-75 ℃ and the reaction time is 24-28h.
  8. 8. The flame-retardant and environment-friendly plastic material according to claim 4, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the polylactic acid is (1-1.5) multiplied by 10 5 , the starch is selected from one of corn starch, wheat starch and potato starch, the plasticizer is tributyl citrate or polyethylene glycol, the lubricant is selected from one of zinc stearate, lauric acid and paraffin wax, and the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate or melamine phosphate.
  9. 9. The method for preparing a flame retardant and environment friendly plastic material according to any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of: And uniformly mixing the components according to the parts by weight, extruding and granulating.
  10. 10. The method for preparing the flame-retardant and environment-friendly plastic material according to claim 9, wherein the temperature of each region in the extrusion granulation process is 140-160 ℃, 165-180 ℃, 185-200 ℃, 205-212 ℃, 215-220 ℃ and 215-225 ℃ in the first region, the second region, the third region and the fifth region.

Description

Flame-retardant environment-friendly plastic material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a flame-retardant environment-friendly plastic material and a preparation method thereof. Background In recent years, the problem of "white pollution" caused by the difficulty in degrading waste plastics has become more serious, and has attracted a wide attention on a global scale. To address this environmental challenge, related regulations have been put out continuously across the world to limit or prohibit the use of non-degradable plastic packaging articles. Meanwhile, the manufacture of conventional plastics relies on non-renewable petroleum resources, the reserves of which are increasingly exhausted. Therefore, development of degradable environment-friendly plastics using renewable resources as raw materials is urgent. Polyester-based degradable plastics (such as polylactic acid PLA, poly (adipic acid)/poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBAT), poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and the like) are used as typical bio-based or biodegradable materials, and are widely applied to the fields of food packaging, fiber spinning, daily plastic and the like by virtue of excellent biodegradability, light transmittance and processability. Wherein, PLA is used as representative bio-based polyester, has higher tensile strength and good transparency, and PBAT has wide application in the packaging field with excellent flexibility and film forming property. However, the polyester material has the common problems that the molecular main chain is of a linear fatty chain or a fatty-aromatic chain structure containing only C, H, O elements, so that the intrinsic flame retardance of the material is poor, a molten drop phenomenon is easy to generate during combustion, fire hazards exist, meanwhile, the surface of the polyester material is easy to be polluted by harmful bacteria, the bacteria are easy to rapidly propagate under the condition of proper humidity, the use sanitation is influenced, and the application of the polyester material in occasions with higher antibacterial requirements is limited. Therefore, development of an environment-friendly polyester degradable plastic material with mechanical property, flame retardant property, antibacterial property and aging resistance is necessary. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a flame-retardant environment-friendly plastic material which has mechanical property, flame retardant property, antibacterial property and ageing resistance. The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the flame-retardant environment-friendly plastic material, which is simple to operate. One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: The flame-retardant environment-friendly plastic material comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of polylactic acid, 20-30 parts of starch, 10-15 parts of PBAT, 8-12 parts of flame retardant, 1-3 parts of flame-retardant synergist, 3-8 parts of modified bamboo fiber, 2-7 parts of plasticizer and 1-5 parts of lubricant. Further, the preparation process of the flame retardant synergist is as follows: Adding gallic acid, (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) boric acid into toluene/dioxane solution, adding anhydrous sodium sulfate for reflux reaction, and purifying to obtain the flame retardant synergist; The flame retardant synergist has the structural formula: 。 further, the molar ratio of the gallic acid to the (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) boric acid to the anhydrous sodium sulfate is 0.3 (0.62-0.65) to (19-22). Further, the preparation process of the modified bamboo fiber comprises the following steps: (1) Adding the pretreated bamboo fibers into water, adding diethyl amino methyl triethoxysilane for reaction, filtering, washing and vacuum drying after the reaction is finished to obtain aminated bamboo fibers; (2) Adding the aminated bamboo fiber into acetonitrile, adding 4-bromophenyl perfluoro (1, 4-dimethyl-2, 5-dioxaoctyl) ketone for reaction, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing, and vacuum drying to obtain the modified bamboo fiber. Further, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the pretreated bamboo fibers to the diethylaminomethyl triethoxysilane is 1 (0.12-0.34), the reaction temperature is 60-65 ℃ and the reaction time is 5-8h. The invention firstly carries out alkali treatment and activation on bamboo fiber, then reacts with diethyl amino methyl triethoxy silane to prepare aminated bamboo fiber, and then carries out quaternization reaction with 4-bromophenyl perfluoro (1, 4-dimethyl-2, 5-dioxaoctyl) to prepare the modified bamboo fiber with the surface grafted quaternary ammonium group and fluorine-containing chain segment. Further, the preparation method of the pretreated bamboo fiber comprises the fol