Search

CN-122011728-A - Bulletproof material based on high-molecular composite material and preparation method thereof

CN122011728ACN 122011728 ACN122011728 ACN 122011728ACN-122011728-A

Abstract

The application relates to the field of material science and engineering, and particularly discloses a preparation method of a bulletproof material based on a high polymer composite material. The bulletproof material is formed by compounding modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric with surface grafted with pyridylsilane and a force-chemical response polyurea matrix. The polyurea matrix is obtained by reacting and curing an isocyanate prepolymer with a component containing a functionalized chain extender, namely, diborane and a latent monomer, namely bisphenol A type cyanate. The method utilizes boron-nitrogen coordination to construct a catalyst cage system, breaks coordination bonds under the high-energy action of ballistic impact to release active boron, catalyzes a latent monomer to perform in-situ chemical curing, and simultaneously utilizes strong Lewis basicity of pyridine groups on the fiber surface to induce boron centers in the resin to migrate to an interface and form coordination anchoring, thereby improving the shearing and sliding resistance. The application effectively solves the technical problem that the anti-sinking performance and the anti-penetration performance of the flexible bulletproof material are difficult to be compatible under the light weight condition.

Inventors

  • Fu Peixuan
  • HAN YONGMEI
  • YUAN JIE

Assignees

  • 中能智慧能源发展(江苏)有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260305

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The bulletproof material based on the high molecular composite material is characterized by being formed by compounding modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric and a force-chemical response polyurea matrix impregnated between the modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric and the modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric; the force-chemical response polyurea matrix is a product formed by the reaction and solidification of a component A and a component B according to an isocyanate index of 1.05-1.10, and unreacted latent monomers are dispersed in the matrix; The component A comprises a prepolymer generated by the reaction of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and amino-terminated polyether; The component B comprises amino-terminated polyether, functionalized chain extender diborane serving as a Lewis acid source and bisphenol A type cyanate serving as a latent monomer; The surface of the modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric is grafted with a hydrolytic condensate derived from 3-thiopropyl trimethoxy silane as an interface modifier, and the Lewis basicity of a pyridine group provided by the interface modifier is stronger than that of a ureido nitrogen atom in a polyurea matrix.
  2. 2. Ballistic resistant material based on a polymeric composite material according to claim 1, wherein the modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric is made by: The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out plasma etching treatment on the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric, immersing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric into an alcohol-water solution of the interface modifier with the mass concentration of 2.0% -4.0%, carrying out ultrasonic-assisted grafting reaction at 50-65 ℃, and drying to obtain the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric.
  3. 3. The bulletproof material based on the high-molecular composite material according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the component B comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 69.0% -82.0% of amino-terminated polyether; 3.0 to 6.0 percent of functional chain extender, i.e. diborane; 15.0-25.0% of a latent monomer bisphenol A type cyanate.
  4. 4. The bulletproof material based on the high-molecular composite material according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the force-chemical response polyurea matrix in the bulletproof material is 18.0% -22.0%, and the bulletproof material is formed by laminating and compounding 30-50 layers of modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric.
  5. 5. A method for the preparation of a ballistic resistant material based on a polymeric composite material, characterized in that it is used in a ballistic resistant material based on a polymeric composite material according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of: s1, carrying out surface treatment on an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric, and grafting an interface modifier 3-thiopropyl trimethoxy silane to obtain a modified fiber fabric; S2, preparing a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is isocyanate prepolymer, and the component B is prepared by premixing a functional chain extender, namely, diborane, and amino-terminated polyether to form a coordination structure, and then adding a latent monomer, namely bisphenol A type cyanate for dispersion; s3, mixing the component A and the component B, and coating the mixture on the surface of the modified fiber fabric to obtain a prepreg; s4, carrying out heat treatment on the prepreg at 95-110 ℃ for 5-8 minutes, and inducing boron centers in the resin to migrate to pyridine groups on the surface of the fiber and coordinate; S5, curing the prepreg after heat treatment at 60+/-2 ℃ for 36-48 hours to cure the polyurea matrix without reacting with the latent monomer; S6, cutting and laminating the cured prepreg, and hot-press molding at 80-85 ℃ and at a pressure of 5.0-8.0 MPa.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the bulletproof material based on the polymer composite material according to claim 5, wherein the surface treatment in the step S1 is specifically: The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out plasma treatment on the fiber fabric for 45-60 seconds under the argon atmosphere and 300-500W power, and then immersing the fiber fabric in an interface modifier solution for reaction under the conditions of ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz and power of 200-300W.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the bulletproof material based on the polymer composite material according to claim 5, wherein the preparation conditions of the component A in the step S2 are as follows: And mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate and amine-terminated polyether with the molecular weight of 2000 according to the molar ratio of NCO to NH2 of 3.0:1-4.0:1, and reacting for 2.0-2.5 hours at 80-85 ℃ to control the NCO content to be 15% -18%.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the bulletproof material based on the polymer composite material according to claim 5, wherein the preparation process of the component B in the step S2 comprises the following steps: Adding the diborane into amino-terminated polyether with the molecular weight of 5000, stirring at a high speed for 30-45 minutes at room temperature to complete the catalyst cage shielding, then adding the powdery bisphenol A cyanate, and stirring and dispersing for 1.0-1.5 hours at the temperature of 40-50 ℃.
  9. 9. The method for preparing the bulletproof material based on the polymer composite material according to claim 5, wherein the temperature setting basis of the heat treatment in the step S4 is: The temperature is higher than the movement temperature of the polyurea chain segment and lower than the thermal polymerization starting temperature of the latent monomer, and the difference of Lewis basicity of pyridine groups on the surface of the fiber and nitrogen atoms of urea groups of the matrix is utilized to drive ligand replacement reaction.
  10. 10. The method for producing a ballistic resistant material based on polymeric composites according to claim 5, wherein the hot press forming temperature in step S6 is strictly controlled below 100 ℃ to ensure that bisphenol a cyanate esters in the final ballistic resistant material remain unpolymerized in a latent state.

Description

Bulletproof material based on high-molecular composite material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The application relates to the field of material science and engineering, in particular to a silicon carbide reinforced perfluoro ether rubber high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting sealing composite material and a preparation process thereof. Background With the development of individual protective equipment to the directions of light weight, comfort and high performance, high-performance fiber reinforced composite materials have become the mainstream choice of modern bulletproof soft armor and light bulletproof plugboards. Among them, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers occupy a central position in the ballistic protection field by virtue of their low density, high modulus and high specific strength. However, it is always a technical bottleneck to be solved in the field, how to effectively control the depth of back depression of a bulletproof material under the impact of high-speed shots and prevent non-penetrating blunt trauma while pursuing extremely light weight. Although the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is a main stream material for light protection, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber has weak bonding force with a matrix interface due to surface chemical inertia, is easy to generate fiber slippage and window effect when being subjected to ballistic impact, and severely restricts the anti-elastic performance. The existing surface modification means provide weak physical anchoring and are difficult to resist high-energy shearing, while the shear thickening fluid containing high-density inorganic particles can inhibit sliding, but inevitably greatly increases the surface density, has the stability problems of particle agglomeration, sedimentation and the like, and sacrifices the light weight advantage of equipment, in addition, the conventional resin matrix used for the existing bulletproof composite material usually shows constant viscoelasticity, the modulus mutation from soft to rigid cannot occur at the moment of impact, the back depression is difficult to effectively control, and the existing enhancement means usually sacrifice the comfort of taking. Therefore, there is a need to develop an intelligent protective material which does not need heavy fillers, can solve the problem of interface sliding through chemical bonding, and can realize impact-induced in-situ chemical hardening on the basis of the problem, so as to achieve light weight, comfort and high protective performance. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a silicon carbide reinforced perfluoro ether rubber high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting sealing composite material and a preparation process thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the anti-sinking performance and the anti-penetration performance of a flexible bulletproof material are difficult to be compatible under the light-weight condition in the prior art. In a first aspect of the invention, a ballistic resistant material based on a polymeric composite material is provided. The bulletproof material is formed by compounding modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric and a force-chemical response polyurea matrix impregnated between the modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric and the force-chemical response polyurea matrix. The force-chemical response polyurea matrix is a product formed by the reaction and solidification of the component A and the component B according to the isocyanate index of 1.05-1.10, and unreacted latent monomers are dispersed in the matrix. The component A comprises an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer formed by reacting diphenylmethane diisocyanate with amino-terminated polyether. The B component comprises amino-terminated polyether, functionalized chain extender diborane as a Lewis acid source and bisphenol A type cyanate ester as a latent monomer. The surface of the modified ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber fabric is grafted with a hydrolytic condensate derived from 3-thiopropyl trimethoxy silane as an interface modifier, and the Lewis basicity of a pyridine group provided by the interface modifier is stronger than that of a ureido nitrogen atom in a polyurea matrix. The component B comprises 69.0-82.0% of amino-terminated polyether, 3.0-6.0% of functional chain extender, and 15.0-25.0% of latent monomer bisphenol A type cyanate. In the system, electron-deficient boron center in the functional chain extender and electron-rich amino nitrogen atom in the amino-terminated polyether form a B-N coordination bond in advance, so that the catalytic activity of the boron atom is caged and is in an inactivated state, and the latent monomer bisphenol A cyanate is stably dispersed in a polyurea network in a physical blending mode. When ballistic materials are subjected to ballistic high-speed impact, the polyurea matrix undergoes sever