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CN-122011729-A - Cold-proof heat-insulating polyurethane composite material applied to door and window assembly

CN122011729ACN 122011729 ACN122011729 ACN 122011729ACN-122011729-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold-proof heat-insulating polyurethane composite material applied to door and window components, and belongs to the technical field of composite materials. The composite material is prepared from polyurethane resin, modified hollow glass beads, aerogel powder, basalt fiber, a composite flame retardant, a composite anti-aging agent and other raw materials in a specific part. The modified hollow glass beads are subjected to compound modification with polyethylene glycol distearate through a silane coupling agent KH-550, the compound flame retardant is compounded by magnesium hydroxide, montmorillonite and pentaerythritol phosphate, and the compound anti-aging agent is combined by an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant and a hindered amine light stabilizer. By optimizing the formula and the preparation process, the material has the advantages of excellent cold-proof heat insulation, mechanical property, flame retardance and ageing resistance, low heat conductivity coefficient, high strength, environmental protection, safety and long service life, meets the use requirement of the door and window assembly in the field of construction, has simple preparation process and is suitable for industrial production.

Inventors

  • ZHAN SHENGLIN

Assignees

  • 广州富思德新材料科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260127

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A cold-proof and heat-insulating polyurethane composite material applied to door and window components is characterized by being prepared from polyurethane resin, modified hollow glass beads, aerogel powder, basalt fiber, nano silicon dioxide, a composite flame retardant, an anti-aging agent, a coupling agent, a lubricant and an environment-friendly plasticizer according to a specific mass portion, wherein the modified hollow glass beads are hollow glass beads subjected to composite modification treatment of a silane coupling agent KH-550 and polyethylene glycol distearate, the composite flame retardant is prepared by compounding magnesium hydroxide, montmorillonite and pentaerythritol phosphate, and the anti-aging agent is prepared by compounding an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant and a hindered amine light stabilizer.
  2. 2. The cold-proof and heat-insulating polyurethane composite material for door and window components, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising, by mass, 30-50 parts of polyurethane resin, 10-20 parts of modified hollow glass beads, 5-12 parts of aerogel powder, 3-8 parts of basalt fiber, 2-6 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1-4 parts of composite flame retardant, 0.5-2 parts of anti-aging agent, 0.3-1.5 parts of coupling agent, 0.2-1 part of lubricant and 1-3 parts of environment-friendly plasticizer.
  3. 3. The cold-proof heat-insulating polyurethane composite material for door and window components according to claim 1, wherein the composite flame retardant is prepared by mixing (3-5): (1-2): (1-3) of magnesium hydroxide, montmorillonite and pentaerythritol phosphate in a mass ratio.
  4. 4. The cold-proof heat-insulating polyurethane composite material for door and window components according to claim 1, wherein the anti-aging agent is prepared by mixing an ultraviolet absorber UV-327, an antioxidant 1010 and a hindered amine light stabilizer 770 according to the mass ratio of (2-4) (1-3) (1-2).
  5. 5. The cold-proof and heat-insulating polyurethane composite material for door and window components, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the preparation method of the modified hollow glass bead comprises the steps of taking the hollow glass bead, drying, mixing the hollow glass bead with a silane coupling agent KH-550 and polyethylene glycol distearate according to a mass ratio of 1 (0.02-0.05) (0.01-0.03), modifying for 30 min-60 min under the conditions of 80-100 ℃ and a rotating speed of 800 r/min-1200 r/min, cooling and sieving.
  6. 6. The polyurethane composite material for cold protection and heat insulation of door and window components according to claim 5, wherein the particle size of the hollow glass beads is 10-50 μm, the hollow rate is more than or equal to 85%, and the density is 0.2-0.4 g/cm3.
  7. 7. The polyurethane composite material for cold-proof and heat-insulation of door and window components, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the aerogel powder is silica aerogel powder, the specific surface area is 600m < 2 >/g-800 m < 2 >/g, the pore diameter is 20 nm-50 nm, the diameter of basalt fiber is 5 mu m-15 mu m, the length is 1 mm-5 mm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 3500MPa, the particle size of nano silica is 20 nm-50 nm, and the specific surface area is 150m < 2 >/g-250 m < 2 >/g.
  8. 8. The cold-proof and heat-insulating polyurethane composite material for door and window components, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the coupling agent is formed by mixing one or two of silane coupling agent KH-560 and silane coupling agent KH-570 according to any proportion, the lubricant is formed by mixing one or two of zinc stearate and calcium stearate according to any proportion, and the environment-friendly plasticizer is formed by mixing one or two of tributyl citrate and epoxidized soybean oil according to any proportion.
  9. 9. The preparation method of the polyurethane composite material applied to cold-proof and heat-insulation of door and window components as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, heating, melting and stirring polyurethane resin; s2, adding a coupling agent and mixing; s3, sequentially adding other raw materials, heating and stirring at an increased rotating speed to obtain a mixed material; S4, extruding and granulating; s5, injection molding.
  10. 10. The preparation method according to claim 9, wherein the temperature of the step S1 is 60-80 ℃, the rotation speed is 300-500 r/min, the stirring time is 10-20 min, the temperature of the step S2 is 60-80 ℃, the rotation speed is 300-500 r/min, the stirring time is 15-25 min, the temperature of the step S3 is 85-100 ℃, the rotation speed is 600-900 r/min, the stirring time is 40-60 min, the extrusion temperature of the step S4 is 160-190 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 200-300 r/min, the injection molding temperature of the step S5 is 170-200 ℃, and the injection molding pressure is 80-120 MPa.

Description

Cold-proof heat-insulating polyurethane composite material applied to door and window assembly Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a cold-proof and heat-insulating polyurethane composite material applied to door and window components. Background The door and window is used as an important component of the building enclosure structure, and the heat preservation and insulation performance of the door and window directly influences the energy consumption efficiency of the building and the indoor thermal comfort environment. At the moment of increasingly severe energy crisis, the improvement of the cold-proof and heat-insulating properties of doors and windows has become a key research direction in the field of building energy conservation. Polyurethane composite materials are widely applied to the manufacture of door and window components due to the characteristics of light weight, high strength, excellent heat preservation and insulation effects and the like. The traditional polyurethane composite material is mainly prepared by taking polyurethane resin as a matrix and adding inorganic fillers such as glass fibers, rock wool and the like. However, the composite material still has a plurality of defects in practical application, namely, the composite material is limited in cold-proof and heat-insulating properties, especially in low-temperature environments, heat transfer loss is serious, the use requirement in severe cold areas is difficult to meet, the mechanical properties and the heat-insulating properties are poor in synergy, part of the composite material is required to have higher heat-insulating effects, the mechanical properties such as compressive strength and tensile strength are often sacrificed, the structural stability of a door and window assembly is insufficient, the ageing resistance is poor, the ageing and cracking phenomena are easy to occur after long-term exposure to natural environments such as sunlight and wind and rain, the cold-proof and heat-insulating effects are reduced, the service life of the door and window is also influenced, and the auxiliary agent containing harmful substances such as formaldehyde is added in the preparation process of the composite material, so that the composite material is potentially harmful to human health and the environment. Numerous studies have been made by those skilled in the relevant art to solve the above problems. For example, the heat insulation performance and mechanical performance of the composite material are improved by optimizing the formula of polyurethane resin, changing the types of fillers or adjusting the proportion of fillers, but the effect is not ideal, and synchronous lifting of the two is difficult to realize, and the composite structure design is adopted for research to laminate and compound materials with different performances, but the structure design is complex, the preparation process is complicated, the production cost is high, and the large-scale popularization and application are not facilitated. Therefore, the polyurethane composite material which has excellent cold-proof and heat-insulating properties, stable mechanical properties, strong ageing resistance, environment protection and safety is developed, and has important significance for promoting the energy conservation and upgrading of door and window components. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems that the existing polyurethane composite material applied to the door and window assembly is insufficient in cold-proof heat-insulating performance, poor in cooperativity between mechanical performance and heat-insulating performance, poor in ageing-resistant performance and environment-friendly to be improved, the invention provides the polyurethane composite material applied to the door and window assembly for cold-proof heat insulation, which realizes cooperated optimization of the cold-proof heat-insulating performance, the mechanical performance and the ageing-resistant performance through reasonable formula design and specific preparation technology, is environment-friendly and safe, and has long service life. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the invention provides a cold-proof and heat-insulating polyurethane composite material applied to door and window components, which is mainly prepared from polyurethane resin, modified hollow glass beads, aerogel powder, basalt fiber, nano silicon dioxide, a composite flame retardant, an anti-aging agent, a coupling agent, a lubricant and an environment-friendly plasticizer according to a specific mass portion ratio, wherein the modified hollow glass beads are hollow glass beads subjected to composite modification treatment by a silane coupling agent KH-550 and polyethylene glycol distearate, the composite flame retardant is prepared by compounding magnesium hydroxide, montmoril