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CN-122011744-A - Polyurethane composite material for automobile seat and preparation method and application thereof

CN122011744ACN 122011744 ACN122011744 ACN 122011744ACN-122011744-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of polyurethane materials, in particular to a polyurethane composite material for an automobile seat, a preparation method and application thereof, and the adopted raw materials are all in a liquid state, so that the polyurethane composite material is convenient to use, prevents a solid adsorbent from blocking a filter of a foaming machine, and reduces abrasion of a nozzle of the foaming machine. The invention does not need external spraying treatment agent, has stable effect, mainly reduces VOC and reduces odor from two aspects of reducing introduction and controlling generation, wherein the reducing introduction selects specific silicone oil and catalyst to reduce odor generated by volatilization of small molecule auxiliary agent, the controlling generation reduces generation of small molecule volatile matters including aldehydes in the synthesis reaction by using antioxidant, and the aldehyde treatment agent directly captures the generated aldehydes, thereby supplementing and strengthening the effect of the antioxidant.

Inventors

  • SUN GUIBIN
  • CHEN YIQIN
  • KONG LINGLONG
  • Sun Dianyin
  • XIE HONGWEI
  • WANG XIANGGANG

Assignees

  • 泰安汉威集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260319

Claims (9)

  1. 1. A polyurethane composite material for an automobile seat is characterized by comprising a component A and a component B, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 100:38-48, the component A comprises 40-60% of polyether polyol, 30-50% of grafted polyether polyol, 0.5-3% of cross-linking agent, 0.5-3% of silicone oil, 0.3-2% of amine catalyst, 3-3.5% of water, 0.5-4% of open-cell polyether, 0.1-0.3% of antioxidant and 0.1-0.8% of aldehyde treating agent, and the component B comprises 40-90% of toluene diisocyanate and 10-60% of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate; The antioxidant is a free radical chain sealing agent; The aldehyde treating agent is an aldehyde capturing agent; the silicone oil is a silicon-carbon chain polysiloxane-alkylene oxide block copolymer; the amine catalyst is a tertiary amine containing hydroxyl groups.
  2. 2. The polyurethane composition for the automobile seat according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is one or two of Irgastab cube PUR-70 and Irganox cube 1135 of Basoff corporation; The aldehyde treating agent is JEFFADD AS 76 of Henschel polyurethane (China Co., ltd.); The silicone oil adopts TEGOSTAB B8734 LF2 and/or TEGOSTAB B8736 LF2 of winning industrial groups; the amine catalyst adopts two or three of LE-503, ZR-50, Z-130 and ZF-10 of Henschel polyurethane (China); The functionality of the crosslinking agent is 3, and the hydroxyl value is 1000-1830mgKOH/g; The open-cell polyether is an ethylene oxide and propylene oxide copolyether polyol with functionality of 3, molecular weight of 4000-7000, hydroxyl value of 25-35mgKOH/g and ethylene oxide end-capped.
  3. 3. The polyurethane composition for automobile seats according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyether polyol is an ethylene oxide-capped polyoxypropylene triol having a functionality of 3, a molecular weight of 4000-6000 and a hydroxyl value of 27-42 mgKOH/g; The graft polyether polyol is a polyether polyol obtained by graft copolymerization of styrene or acrylonitrile, has a functionality of 3, a molecular weight of 6000-8000 and a solid content of 30-45%.
  4. 4. A polyurethane composition for automobile seats according to claim 3, wherein the polyether polyol is an ethylene oxide-capped polyoxypropylene triol having a functionality of 3 and a molecular weight of 4500-5500 and a hydroxyl value of 33-36 mgKOH/g.
  5. 5. The polyurethane composition for automobile seats according to claim 4, wherein the polyether polyol is 10LD76EK from Shandong Lanxingdong Co., ltd; the graft polyether polyol is HPOP-40 of Shandong Lanxingdong Co.
  6. 6. The polyurethane composition for automobile seats according to claim 2, wherein the crosslinking agent is at least one of diethanolamine, triethanolamine and glycerin; The open-cell polyether is JQN-3611 of Nanjing gold-perching chemical group Co.
  7. 7. The polyurethane composition for automobile seats according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said toluene diisocyanate is T-80 of Basiff stock and said polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate is M20S of Basiff stock.
  8. 8. The method for producing a polyurethane composition for automobile seats according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of: S1, preparing a component A, namely putting polyether polyol and graft polyether polyol into a reaction kettle according to a proportion, stirring at a rotating speed of 30-60 r/min, stirring for 0.5-1 hour, sequentially adding a cross-linking agent, silicone oil, an amine catalyst, open-pore polyether, an antioxidant, an aldehyde treating agent and water, closing a feeding pipeline, opening a circulating pipeline from the bottom of the kettle to the top of the kettle, and continuing stirring for 1.5-2 hours to obtain the component A; S2. The preparation of the component B, namely adding TDI and PAPI into a reaction kettle according to a proportion, sealing the liquid surface with dry nitrogen to prevent the water in the air from reacting with the mixed liquid, stirring for 0.5-1 hour at normal temperature, discharging and sealing for storage; s3, preparing a polyurethane composite material for the automobile seat, wherein the polyurethane composite material for the automobile seat is obtained by uniformly mixing the components A and B according to the mass ratio of component A to component B of (100:38-48).
  9. 9. Use of the polyurethane composition for car seats according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for the preparation of car seats.

Description

Polyurethane composite material for automobile seat and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of polyurethane materials, in particular to a polyurethane composite material with low VOC and low aldehyde content for an automobile seat, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Polyurethane high resilience foam has excellent flexibility, rebound resilience and durability, and is a core cushioning material applied to automobile seats. Meanwhile, along with the higher expectations of people on environmental protection and comfort, the VOC, mechanical property and light weight of the seat are increasingly valued, and higher requirements are put forward. At present, the VOC sources are widely considered to be mainly polyols, residual low-molecular aldehydes, alcohols and carboxylic acids. The tertiary amine catalyst in the foam will volatilize when it is free to the cell surface. Silicone oil silicone small molecules in the residual foam increase VOC. The odor and VOC are generally reduced by adsorption, such as adding activated carbon, white carbon black and the like as adsorbents, and the addition of solid substances inevitably increases the abrasion of foaming equipment in actual use, and reduces equipment accuracy and service life. In addition, the method of spraying the aldehyde removing agent outside the product reduces VOC and smell, but increases production procedures, and the treatment effect is unstable and the internal and external treatment effects of the product are uneven because the aldehyde removing agent cannot be sprayed inside the product. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems of high VOC content and aldehyde content of polyurethane, peculiar smell and easy abrasion of foaming equipment in the preparation process, the invention provides a polyurethane composite material for automobile seats, a preparation method and application thereof, which can be used for preparing the polyurethane composite material for the automobile seats, the foam prepared from the polyurethane composite material has excellent mechanical properties, lower VOC content and smell, and all the used raw materials are in a liquid state, so that the polyurethane composite material is convenient to use, prevents the solid adsorbent from blocking a filter of a foaming machine, and reduces the abrasion of a nozzle of the foaming machine. The invention does not need external spraying treatment agent, and has stable effect. The method specifically reduces VOC and reduces odor from two aspects of 'reduced introduction' and 'controlled generation', wherein 'reduced introduction' is to select specific silicone oil and catalyst to reduce odor generated by volatilization of small molecule auxiliary agents, and 'controlled generation' is to reduce generation of small molecule volatile matters including aldehydes in the synthesis reaction by using antioxidant, and aldehyde treating agent directly captures generated aldehyde and has a supplementary strengthening function on the effect of the antioxidant. The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: A polyurethane composite material for an automobile seat comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the weight ratio of the component A to the component B is 100:38-48; The composition A comprises, by weight, 40-60% of polyether polyol, 30-50% of grafted polyether polyol, 0.5-3% of a cross-linking agent, 0.5-3% of silicone oil, 0.3-2% of an amine catalyst, 3-3.5% of water, 0.5-4% of an open-cell polyether, 0.1-0.3% of an antioxidant and 0.1-0.8% of an aldehyde treating agent, and the composition B comprises 40-90% of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) and 10-60% of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate (PAPI). Further, the polyether polyol is polyoxypropylene triol with a functionality of 3, a molecular weight of 4000-6000 and a hydroxyl value of 27-42mgKOH/g and an ethylene oxide end-capped. Further, the molecular weight of the polyoxypropylene triol is 4500-5500, and the hydroxyl value is 33-36mgKOH/g. In some embodiments of the present invention, the polyether polyol is 10LD76EK from Shandong blue Star Dongda Co. Further, the grafted polyether polyol is a polyether polyol obtained by graft copolymerization of styrene or acrylonitrile, the functionality is 3, the molecular weight is 6000-8000, and the solid content is 30-45wt%. In some embodiments of the invention, the graft polyether polyol is HPOP-40 from Shandong blue Star Dongda. Further, the functionality of the cross-linking agent is 3, the hydroxyl value is 1000-1830mgKOH/g, and further, the cross-linking agent is at least one of diethanolamine, triethanolamine and glycerin. Further, the silicone oil is a polysiloxane-alkylene oxide block copolymer of Si-C (silicon-carbon chain), the amine catalyst is tertiary amine containing hydroxyl, and the reactive catalyst can be combined into a polyurethane molecular structure to adjust the fo