CN-122011795-A - Disposable cutlery box capable of degrading water and oil resistance and preparation method thereof

CN122011795ACN 122011795 ACN122011795 ACN 122011795ACN-122011795-A

Abstract

The application provides a degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of degradable cutlery boxes. The method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out soaking, steaming, drying and crushing treatment on corn straw and wheat straw to obtain straw particles, dissolving oxidized starch glue into paste by using hot water, then reacting with citric acid at 90-110 ℃ for 20-40 min to obtain pre-esterified modified starch glue, mixing the corn straw particles, the wheat straw particles, the pre-esterified modified starch glue, a liquid corn wax extract, functional composite microspheres and water, pulping to obtain a mixed material, carrying out hot press molding on the mixed material in a mold, wherein the hot press molding comprises a low-pressure permeation stage, a high-pressure shaping stage and a pressure relief cold quenching stage, and then demoulding to obtain the disposable meal box. The application improves the water resistance, oil resistance, mechanical strength and surface stability of the straw-based cutlery box in a synergistic way, and simultaneously strictly ensures the completely degradable essential properties of the cutlery box.

Inventors

WANG XIN
WU JIANXIN
SONG XIAOWEN
LIU ZHUOSHENG
ZHANG XIANGDONG

Assignees

内蒙古工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20260415

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, respectively soaking, steaming, drying and crushing corn straw and wheat straw to obtain corn straw particles and wheat straw particles; S2, dissolving the oxidized starch glue into paste by using hot water, and then reacting with citric acid for 20-40 min at the temperature of 90-110 ℃ to obtain pre-esterified modified starch glue; s3, mixing the corn straw particles, the wheat straw particles, the pre-esterified modified starch glue, the liquid corn wax extract, the functional composite microspheres and water, and pulping to obtain a mixed material; s4, performing hot press forming on the mixed material in a die, wherein the hot press forming comprises a low-pressure permeation stage, a high-pressure shaping stage and a pressure relief cold quenching stage, and then demolding to obtain the disposable cutlery box; wherein the functional composite microsphere is a hollow mesoporous silica microsphere with a surface grafted with fatty acid and a core loaded with calcium malate; Based on parts by weight, 25-30 parts of corn straw particles, 15-20 parts of wheat straw particles, 8-10 parts of oxidized starch glue, 1-3 parts of corn wax extract and 0.5-3 parts of functional composite microspheres.
2. The preparation method of the degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable meal box according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step S1, the pretreatment of the corn stalks meets the following conditions of soaking in clean water for 5-6 hours, then steaming and boiling for 0.6-0.8 hours under the conditions of 100-110 ℃ and 0.4-0.5 MPa, then drying until the moisture content is 12-15%, and crushing and screening until the particle size range is 0.3-0.355 cm; In the step S1, the pretreatment of the wheat straw meets the following conditions that the wheat straw is soaked in clear water for 4-5 hours, then steamed for 0.5-0.7 hour under the conditions of 110-120 ℃ and 0.5-0.6 MPa, dried until the moisture content is 12-15%, and crushed and screened until the granularity range is 0.25-0.3 cm.
3. The method for preparing the degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the mass of the citric acid is 5% -15% of the dry mass of the oxidized starch glue.
4. The method for preparing the degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the method for preparing the functional composite microsphere comprises the following steps: S301, soaking a hollow mesoporous silica microsphere carrier in a calcium malate aqueous solution, and drying to obtain intermediate microspheres loaded with calcium malate; s302, under the protection of inert gas, reacting the intermediate microsphere with fatty acid at 120-180 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and cooling and washing to obtain the functional composite microsphere.
5. The method for preparing the degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box according to claim 4, wherein in the step S301, the mass concentration of the calcium malate aqueous solution is 5% -20%, and the soaking time is 2-6 hours; In the step S302, the fatty acid is stearic acid, the mass ratio of the stearic acid to the intermediate microsphere is (0.1-0.5) 1, the particle size of the functional composite microsphere is 0.5-5 mu m, the thickness of a shell layer is 50-200 nm, and the specific surface area is 600m 2 /g～800m 2 /g.
6. The method for preparing the degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the beating degree of the mixed material is 28-32 ° SR.
7. The method for preparing the degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the process condition of the low-pressure permeation stage is that the temperature is 140-150 ℃, the pressure is 1-2 MPa, and the holding time is 0.5-1.5 min.
8. The method for preparing the degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the process conditions of the high-pressure shaping stage are that the temperature is 150-155 ℃, the pressure is 5-8 MPa, and the holding time is 2-4 min.
9. The preparation method of the degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the pressure relief cold quenching stage meets the following conditions that the pressure is relieved to normal pressure within 1S-3S, and meanwhile, a cooling medium of 10 ℃ to 25 ℃ is introduced, so that the temperature of a die is reduced from 150 ℃ to 60 ℃ within 60S.
10. A degradable, waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the disposable cutlery box has a structure comprising: A matrix formed by bonding corn straw particles and wheat straw particles through a cross-linked network; Functional composite microspheres dispersed in the matrix; The micron-nanometer composite coarse structure is distributed on the surface of the disposable cutlery box; wherein the micron-nanometer composite coarse structure is formed by the functional composite microsphere which is partially exposed and corn wax attached to the surface of the functional composite microsphere.

Description

Disposable cutlery box capable of degrading water and oil resistance and preparation method thereof Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of degradable cutlery boxes, in particular to a degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box and a preparation method thereof. Background Along with the rapid development of the food and beverage takeout industry, the disposable cutlery box has huge demand. The traditional petroleum-based plastic cutlery box is difficult to degrade naturally, and serious white pollution is caused. Meanwhile, a large amount of crop straws such as corns, wheat and the like are produced annually in China, and the improper disposal (burning or stacking) of the crop straws causes resource waste and environmental pollution. The degradable cutlery box manufactured by utilizing the agricultural wastes is an ideal path for realizing resource circulation. However, the existing straw-based cutlery box technology has the problems that the degradability and the safety of the plastic chemical added for improving the water and oil repellency are damaged, grease penetration cannot be effectively resisted by only relying on a physical blending scheme, and the plastic-based cutlery box technology has the common problems of poor mechanical property, easy deformation and damage and the like caused by low bonding strength and insufficient fiber utilization. Therefore, how to fundamentally and cooperatively improve the water resistance, oil resistance, mechanical strength and surface stability of the straw-based cutlery box and ensure the completely degradable essential properties of the cutlery box at the same time becomes a core technical problem which restricts the technology from moving to mature application and is to be broken through urgently. Disclosure of Invention The application provides a degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box and a preparation method thereof, which aim to solve the technical problems of how to fundamentally and cooperatively improve the waterproof property, the oilproof property, the mechanical strength and the surface stability of a straw-based cutlery box and ensure the completely degradable essential properties. In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a degradable waterproof and oilproof disposable cutlery box, the method comprising the steps of: s1, respectively soaking, steaming, drying and crushing corn straw and wheat straw to obtain corn straw particles and wheat straw particles; S2, dissolving the oxidized starch glue into paste by using hot water, and then reacting with citric acid for 20-40 min at the temperature of 90-110 ℃ to obtain pre-esterified modified starch glue; S3, mixing the corn straw particles, the wheat straw particles, the pre-esterified modified starch glue, the liquid corn wax extract, the functional composite microspheres and water, and pulping to obtain a mixed material; s4, performing hot press forming on the mixed material in a die, wherein the hot press forming comprises a low-pressure permeation stage, a high-pressure shaping stage and a pressure relief cold quenching stage, and then demolding to obtain the disposable cutlery box; wherein the functional composite microsphere is a hollow mesoporous silica microsphere with a surface grafted with fatty acid and a core loaded with calcium malate; Based on parts by weight, 25-30 parts of corn straw particles, 15-20 parts of wheat straw particles, 8-10 parts of oxidized starch glue, 1-3 parts of corn wax extract and 0.5-3 parts of functional composite microspheres. Optionally, in the step S1, the pretreatment of the corn stalks meets the following conditions that the corn stalks are soaked in clean water for 5 to 6 hours, then steamed for 0.6 to 0.8 hours under the conditions of 100 to 110 ℃ and 0.4 to 0.5MPa, dried until the water content is 12 to 15 percent, crushed and screened until the granularity range is 0.3 to 0.355cm; In the step S1, the pretreatment of the wheat straw meets the following conditions that the wheat straw is soaked in clear water for 4-5 hours, then steamed for 0.5-0.7 hour under the conditions of 110-120 ℃ and 0.5-0.6 MPa, dried until the moisture content is 12-15%, and crushed and screened until the granularity range is 0.25-0.3 cm. Optionally, in step S2, the mass of the citric acid is 5% -15% of the dry mass of the oxidized starch glue. Optionally, in step S3, the preparation method of the functional composite microsphere includes the following steps: S301, soaking a hollow mesoporous silica microsphere carrier in a calcium malate aqueous solution, and drying to obtain intermediate microspheres loaded with calcium malate; s302, under the protection of inert gas, reacting the intermediate microsphere with fatty acid at 120-180 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and cooling and washing to obtain the functional composite microsphere. Optionally, in step S301, the mass concentration of the calcium malate aqu