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CN-122011812-A - Glass self-cleaning coating liquid and preparation method and application thereof

CN122011812ACN 122011812 ACN122011812 ACN 122011812ACN-122011812-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of glass surface treatment, and particularly relates to a glass self-cleaning coating liquid and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing silicate, a diluent, deionized water and a pH regulator, stirring and reacting at normal temperature to obtain an acidic silica sol, mixing silicate and the diluent to prepare silicate solution, mixing deionized water, the diluent, a particle size regulator and a catalyst to prepare alkaline catalytic base solution, dripping the silicate solution into the alkaline catalytic base solution in a stirring state, reacting at normal temperature to obtain alkaline particle silica sol, dripping the acidic silica sol into the alkaline particle silica sol, stirring and reacting at normal temperature, standing and aging to obtain composite silica sol, diluting the composite silica sol with the diluent, and adding a volatilization inhibitor to obtain the glass self-cleaning coating liquid.

Inventors

  • GUO BINGANG
  • LI ZHAOFENG
  • YE ZHIXIANG

Assignees

  • 深圳市光科全息技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20260206

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the glass self-cleaning coating liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Step (1), mixing silicate, a diluent, deionized water and a pH regulator, and stirring at normal temperature for reaction to obtain acidic silica sol; Step (2) mixing silicate and a diluent to prepare silicate solution, mixing deionized water, the diluent, a particle size regulator and a catalyst to prepare alkaline catalytic base solution, dropwise adding the silicate solution into the alkaline catalytic base solution in a stirring state, and reacting at normal temperature to obtain alkaline granular silica sol; step (3), dropwise adding the acidic silica sol obtained in the step (1) into the alkaline particle silica sol obtained in the step (2), stirring at normal temperature, reacting, standing and aging to obtain composite silica sol; and (4) diluting the composite silica sol obtained in the step (3) by using a diluent, and adding a volatilization inhibitor to obtain the glass self-cleaning coating liquid.
  2. 2. The method for preparing the glass self-cleaning coating liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of silicate, diluent, deionized water and pH regulator is 20:40-60:8-12:0.4-0.6, and the silicate, the diluent, the deionized water and the pH regulator are stirred at normal temperature for 3-5 h.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the glass self-cleaning coating liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of silicate to diluent in the silicate solution is 15-25:25-35, the mass ratio of deionized water, diluent, particle size regulator and catalyst in the alkaline catalytic base solution is 20-30:20-30:0.02-0.08:0.4-0.8, and the silicate solution is added into the alkaline catalytic base solution at a speed of 1-2 drops per second, and the reaction is carried out at normal temperature for 3-5 hours.
  4. 4. The method for preparing the glass self-cleaning coating liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the addition mass ratio of the acidic catalytic silica sol to the alkaline particle silica sol is 1:3-7, the time for adding the acidic silica sol dropwise to the alkaline particle silica sol is 1-2 h, stirring is continued for 1.5-2.5h, and standing and aging are performed for 22-26 h.
  5. 5. The method for preparing a glass self-cleaning coating liquid according to claim 1, wherein the silicate is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethyl orthosilicate, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, propyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, and diethyltriethoxysilane; the diluent is selected from ethanol or isopropanol; The pH regulator is selected from hydrochloric acid or nitric acid; The catalyst is selected from one of diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, dimethylformamide and ammonia water; The particle size regulator is polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 400-800; the volatilization inhibitor is selected from one of ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether and diethylene glycol butyl ether.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the glass self-cleaning coating liquid according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the solid content of the diluted composite silica sol is 3-4%, and the addition amount of the volatilization inhibitor is 5-7% of the total mass of the solution.
  7. 7. The method for preparing a self-cleaning glass coating liquid according to claim 1, wherein nano titanium dioxide or titanium sol is further added into the coating liquid.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the glass self-cleaning coating liquid according to claim 1, wherein the coating liquid is further added with antimony-doped tin dioxide powder, phosphorus-doped tin dioxide sol or antimony-doped tin dioxide sol.
  9. 9. A glass self-cleaning coating solution, characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
  10. 10. The application of the glass self-cleaning coating liquid in the photovoltaic glass or the building curtain wall glass as claimed in claim 9, wherein the glass self-cleaning coating liquid is coated on the surface of the photovoltaic glass or the building curtain wall glass, and is cured at normal temperature or tempered with the glass to form a nano composite coating with a net-shaped structure for wrapping spherical particles on the surface of the glass.

Description

Glass self-cleaning coating liquid and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of glass surface treatment, and particularly relates to a glass self-cleaning coating liquid and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Along with the transformation of global energy structures, photovoltaic power generation technology and modern building curtain walls are increasingly widely applied. In the actual operation of the photovoltaic module, the cover glass is taken as a necessary passage for light rays, and the light transmittance of the cover glass directly determines the photoelectric conversion efficiency. However, photovoltaic glass is exposed to outdoor environment for a long period of time, and the surface is extremely prone to dust, bird droppings and industrial pollutants due to electrostatic adsorption or natural sedimentation. Research shows that dust accumulation can not only remarkably reduce the light transmittance of glass, so that the power generation efficiency is greatly reduced, and even a 'hot spot effect' can be caused in a region with rare precipitation, so that components are damaged. Also, for high-rise building curtain wall glass, surface pollution not only affects the beautiful appearance and lighting of a building, but also has the problems of high difficulty, high cost, safety risk and the like in high-altitude cleaning operation. Therefore, developing a glass coating liquid with both anti-reflection (anti-reflection) function and self-cleaning function, which keeps the surface of glass clean by natural rainfall or simple flushing, has become a research hot spot in the field of photovoltaic transportation and building materials. The existing glass self-cleaning anti-reflection technology mainly comprises two major types of hydrophobic type and hydrophilic type. Hydrophobic coatings (e.g., CN 118126545A) typically utilize the "lotus effect" to carry dust away by building micro-nano asperities and modifying low surface energy materials (e.g., fluorosilanes or organic resins) to cause water droplets to roll off. However, a large amount of organic hydrophobic components in the coating have poor ultraviolet resistance, are easy to decompose and lose efficacy after long-term outdoor exposure, and once the hydrophobic performance is reduced, water mark spots are easy to form on the surface of the coating by rainwater, so that the light transmittance is reduced. Photocatalytic coatings (based mainly on TiO 2) are capable of degrading organic matter, but have a high refractive index, have limited contribution to anti-reflection and are not effective in removing inorganic mineral dust. Another type of mainstream technology is super-hydrophilic antireflection films based on silica nanoparticle stacking (such as hollow nanosphere technology mentioned in CN118930069a or CN105754381 a), which uses nanoparticles to form a porous structure on the glass surface to reduce the refractive index and achieve super-hydrophilic spreading. Although the particle stacking structure can provide excellent anti-reflection effect, the particles and the base material are connected by physical adsorption mainly by point contact or weak chemical bonds, and lack of a continuous and compact film forming framework, so that the film layer has low mechanical strength, poor adhesive force and insufficient abrasion resistance, and is extremely easy to be pulverized and fall off under transportation and installation or severe weather. In addition, in order to improve the strength of the film layer, the traditional sol-gel method often needs high-temperature sintering (tempering) treatment, so that the energy consumption is high, and the normal-temperature construction requirements of tempered glass or a substrate which is not resistant to high temperature are difficult to meet. Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the prior art is how to overcome the defects of low mechanical strength and poor adhesive force of a simple nano particle stacked film layer on the premise of not depending on high-temperature sintering, and prepare the glass coating liquid which can keep high anti-reflection and super-hydrophilic self-cleaning performance brought by a nano structure and can be solidified at normal temperature to form the glass coating liquid with excellent weather resistance, wear resistance and substrate bonding fastness. Specifically, how to solve the problem of loose and easy falling of the film layer fundamentally while ensuring the porous and high light transmission property of the film layer by optimizing the preparation process and the sol microstructure is a key problem to be solved by the technicians in the field. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects, and provides a glass self-cleaning coating liquid and a preparation method and application thereof. In a first aspect, a preparation method of a glass self-cleani