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CN-122011835-A - Multifunctional printing ink and preparation method thereof, multifunctional coating and preparation method thereof

CN122011835ACN 122011835 ACN122011835 ACN 122011835ACN-122011835-A

Abstract

The invention provides multifunctional printing ink and a preparation method, a multifunctional coating and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of solar cell manufacturing; adding nano zirconia and nano aluminum oxide into the mixed solvent for ball milling to obtain stable concentrated slurry, shearing and mixing the concentrated slurry, polyurethane acrylic ester and a polymerizable UV absorbent at a speed greater than a threshold value to obtain a mixture, and adding a double photoinitiator and a rheological additive into the mixture to obtain the multifunctional printing ink. The solar cell module has the characteristics of PID resistance, UV resistance, high refractive index, shear thinning property, UV curing balance and long-term stability, and can effectively improve the PID resistance, the UV resistance and the output power of the solar cell module.

Inventors

  • KANG JIANFENG
  • YIN WENJIE
  • WANG YONGQIAN

Assignees

  • 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司
  • 珠海富山爱旭太阳能科技有限公司
  • 天津爱旭太阳能科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20251231

Claims (12)

  1. 1. A method for preparing a multifunctional printing ink, comprising: Preparing a mixed solvent by adopting trimethylolpropane triacrylate and a high-molecular polymer dispersing agent; adding nano zirconia and nano aluminum oxide into the mixed solvent for ball milling to obtain stable concentrated slurry; Shearing and mixing the concentrated slurry, polyurethane acrylic ester and a polymerizable UV absorbent at a speed greater than a threshold value to obtain a mixture; and adding a double photoinitiator and a rheological additive into the mixture to obtain the multifunctional printing ink.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the multifunctional printing ink according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising the following steps of: 30-35 parts of nano zirconia; 2-8 parts of nano aluminum oxide; 30-40 parts of trimethylolpropane triacrylate; 2-6 parts of high molecular polymer dispersing agent; 20-30 parts of polyurethane acrylic ester; 1-5 parts of polymerizable UV absorber; 1-5 parts of double photoinitiator.
  3. 3. The method for preparing a multifunctional printing ink according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dual photoinitiator comprises 2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl phosphine oxide and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone in a mass ratio of 2:1.
  4. 4. A multifunctional printing ink prepared by the preparation method of the multifunctional printing ink according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising nano zirconia, nano aluminum oxide, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, a high molecular polymer dispersant, polyurethane acrylate, a polymerizable UV absorbent, a double photoinitiator and a rheological additive.
  5. 5. A preparation method of a multifunctional coating is characterized by comprising the following steps: Preparing ink by the method for preparing the multifunctional printing ink according to any one of claims 1 to 3; printing a plane basal layer on the surface of the basal layer by adopting the multifunctional printing ink; Pre-curing, namely pre-curing the substrate layer to form a cured substrate layer with a surface gel layer wrapping internal liquid or semi-liquid; Printing a structural layer, namely printing a three-dimensional structural layer on the surface of the solidified basal layer by adopting the multifunctional printing ink; and (3) primary curing, namely curing the cured basal layer and the structural layer to form the multifunctional coating without a physical interface.
  6. 6. The method of preparing a multi-functional coating according to claim 5, wherein the pre-curing is performed by irradiating the base layer with energy of 50-500mj/cm 2 and/or the curing is performed by irradiating the base layer and the structural layer with energy of 2000-3000mj/cm 2 ; And the time interval between the pre-curing and the printing of the structural layer is less than or equal to 2s.
  7. 7. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the structural layer is a hemispherical microlens array, a biomimetic moth-eye array, or a random three-dimensional pattern.
  8. 8. A multifunctional coating prepared by the method of any one of claims 5-7.
  9. 9. A battery assembly comprising glass and a solar cell, wherein the multifunctional coating of claim 8 is disposed between the glass and the solar cell.
  10. 10. The cell assembly of claim 9, wherein a glue film layer is disposed between the glass and the multifunctional coating, and a refractive index substrate layer is disposed between the multifunctional coating and the solar cell.
  11. 11. The battery module according to claim 10, wherein the glass has a thickness of 3 to 3.5mm, the adhesive film layer has a thickness of 0.44 to 0.48mm, the multifunctional coating layer has a thickness of 4 to 5 μm, the refractive index base layer has a thickness of 2 to 15 μm, and the solar cell has a thickness of 180 to 210 μm.
  12. 12. A method of manufacturing a battery assembly, comprising: Manufacturing a solar cell; a solar cell as a substrate, and a multifunctional coating is prepared on the light-facing surface of one or more solar cells by adopting the preparation method of the multifunctional layer according to any one of claims 5-7.

Description

Multifunctional printing ink and preparation method thereof, multifunctional coating and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of solar cell manufacturing, in particular to multifunctional printing ink and a preparation method thereof, and a multifunctional coating and a preparation method thereof. Background The solar cell module is formed by laminating prearranged solar cells between glass and a back plate through a packaging adhesive film and packaging by a frame. Under the high voltage of a long-term system, high potential difference is generated between the battery piece and component materials such as glass, packaging adhesive films, back plates, frames and the like, so that charges (usually sodium ions) are migrated from the surface of the glass to the inside of the battery piece through the packaging adhesive films, and then a potential induced attenuation (Potential Induced Degradation, PID) effect is induced. At present, a high-cost POE () adhesive film is mainly adopted to replace a traditional EVA adhesive film, and leakage current and ion migration are blocked by utilizing the high volume resistivity of the POE () adhesive film. Meanwhile, long-term irradiation of Ultraviolet (UV) rays can cause yellowing and ageing of a traditional packaging adhesive film, reduce light transmittance, damage insulating performance of the packaging adhesive film, and finally lead to power attenuation and failure of the packaging adhesive film. Currently, ultraviolet absorbers (UVA) and light stabilizers (HALS) are mainly added into EVA adhesive films or module back plates, or POE materials with better UV resistance are adopted. In addition, in order to minimize light loss between interfaces of the packaging adhesive film and improve utilization rate of incident light, the packaging adhesive film is required to have certain optical enhancement performance. A silicon nitride (SiNx) anti-reflection film with a refractive index of about 1.9-2.1 is typically prepared on the front surface of the solar cell to match the refractive index of the solar cell (n is about 3.5) and the encapsulation film (n is about 1.48). The physical texture structure can be formed on the surface of the solar cell through corrosion, for example, micro-nano pyramid texture is formed on the surface of the monocrystalline silicon cell through alkali corrosion, nano pit texture is formed on the surface of the polycrystalline silicon cell through acid corrosion, and the reflectivity of the physical texture structure is reduced through increasing the reflection times of light on the surface of the cell, so that light trapping is realized. In fact, the problems of PID effect, UV irradiation, optical enhancement, etc. described above occur simultaneously in the solar cell module, not separately. When the problems of PID effect, UV irradiation, optical enhancement and the like are faced, the existing solution is to find functional adhesive film materials for solving the single problem, and then physically stack the adhesive film materials (POE adhesive films, EVA containing UV agent, antireflection films and the like) with different functions. However, the lamination process window of different film materials is not the same, increasing the difficulty of production control. And interfaces between multiple layers of adhesive film materials can become potential failure points (e.g., delamination, cracking, etc.) in long-term service, which can affect the performance and life of the overall battery assembly once a layer of adhesive film material becomes problematic. In addition, the realization of high-reliability PID and UV resistance means that the use of expensive POE adhesive films leads to increased cost, and high-end POE particles depend on import, which has a risk of a supply chain. In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a method that can integrate PID, UV and optical enhancement in a single film layer to simplify the manufacturing process, improve the performance and lifetime of the battery assembly. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide multifunctional printing ink and a preparation method thereof, and multifunctional coating and a preparation method thereof, so as to at least partially solve at least one of the technical problems. To solve the above technical problems, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a multifunctional coating, the method comprising: Preparing a mixed solvent by adopting trimethylolpropane triacrylate and a high-molecular polymer dispersing agent; adding nano zirconia and nano aluminum oxide into the mixed solvent for ball milling to obtain stable concentrated slurry; Shearing and mixing the concentrated slurry, polyurethane acrylic ester and a polymerizable UV absorbent at a speed greater than a threshold value to obtain a mixture; and adding a double photoinitiator and a rheological additive